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The ‘Revolutionary Diplomatic Line’ in the Cultural Revolution

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The Diplomacy of Zhou Enlai
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Abstract

In 1949 Zhou stressed to New China’s diplomats that Chinese diplomacy could not exactly duplicate the pattern set elsewhere, for it was to be the self-conscious extension of China’s own revolutionary experience. It was to incorporate a socialist world view — one which challenged the underlying assumptions of European international law and diplomacy in so far as these had been conceived in the matrix of European imperialism.

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Notes and References

  1. Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society (London: Macmillan Press, 1977) pp. 169–70.

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  2. Deng Xiaoping, Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, 1975–1982, henceforth cited as SWDXp, (Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1984), pp. 59

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  3. Ronald C. Keith, ‘“Egalitarianism” and “Seeking the Truth from the Facts” in the People’s Republic of China’, Dalhousie Review, vol. 63, no. 2, Summer 1983, pp. 325–9.

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  4. Thomas Robinson, ‘Chou Enlai’s Political Style: Comparisons with Mao Tse-tung and Lin Piao’, Asian Survey, vol. X, no. 12, December 1970, pp. 1101–16.

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  5. Thomas Robinson (ed.), The Cultural Revolution in China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971).

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  6. See Ishwer Ojha, Chinese Foreign Policy in an Age of Transition. The Diplomacy of Cultural Despair (Boston: Beacon Press, 2nd edn, 1972) p. 220.

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  7. Michael Yahuda, China’s Role in World Affairs (New York: St Martin’s Press, 1978) p. 191.

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  8. For example, see the following Soviet commentary, N. Kapchenko, ‘“The Cultural Revolution” and the Mao Group’s Foreign Policy’, International Affairs (Moscow) no. 2, 1968, pp. 14–22. For analysis of Soviet perception refer to A. James Melnick, ‘Soviet Perceptions of the Maoist Cult of Personality’, Studies in Comparative Communism, vol. IX, no. 2, Spring/Summer 1976, pp. 129–44

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  9. Klaus Mehnert, ‘Mao and Maoism: Some Soviet Views’, Current Scene, vol. VIII, no. 15, 1 September 1970, pp. 1–11.

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  10. See Hong Yung Lee, The Politics of the Chinese Cultural Revolution (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978) pp. 31–41.

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  11. Lowell Dittmer, Liu Shao-ch’i and the Chinese Cultural Revolution (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974) p. 93.

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  12. Refer to the text of the 16 points in Edgar Snow, The Long Revolution (New York: Vintage Books, 1973) pp. 238–49.

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  13. See Lowell Dittmer, ‘Chou En-lai and Chinese Politics’, in Edward Feit (ed.) Governments and Leaders: An Approach to Comparative Politics (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978) p. 509.

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  14. Allen S. Whiting, The Chinese Calculus of Deterrence (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1975) p. 229.

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© 1989 Ronald C. Keith

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Keith, R.C. (1989). The ‘Revolutionary Diplomatic Line’ in the Cultural Revolution. In: The Diplomacy of Zhou Enlai. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09890-3_7

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