Abstract
In the Third Moment Kant gradually develops the notion of that which, were there to be such a thing, would justify those claims to the agreement of others which he has argued to be implicit in the judgements we make concerning the beautiful. He calls it the Form of Finality. He does not, however, think of it as a single ‘form’. The name is not to be taken as a proper name as in Plato’s Form of the Good. It is a shorthand description of a kind of form.
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Notes and References
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 45; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §3, p. 206, lines 26–36.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 148; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §39, p. 291, lines 23–8.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, pp. 51–2; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §7, p. 212, lines 16–17, p. 207, line 12.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 70; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §15, p. 228, lines 1–11.
See Chapter 4, p. 27.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, pp. 66–7; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §14, p. 224, lines 8–37.
Jack D. Flamm, Matisse on Art (London, 1973), p. 37 (from Notes of a Painter 1908).
Paton, The Moral Law, p. 95; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 4, p. 428, lines 7–11.
Meredith, Teleological Judgement, p. 13; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §63, p. 367, lines 11–23.
Meredith, Teleological Judgement, p. 7; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §62, p. 362, lines 6–15.
Meredith, Teleological Judgement, p. 18; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §64, p. 370, line 35-p. 371, line 6.
Meredith, Teleological Judgement, p. 13; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §63, p. 367, lines 3–10.
Paton, The Moral Law, pp. 95–6; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 4, p. 427, line 19-p.429, line 13.
For a discussion of the possible meaning of this expression see Mary A. McCloskey, ‘Kant’s Kingdom of Ends’, Philosophy, vol. 51 (1976) pp. 391–9.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 80 (footnote); Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §17, p. 236 (footnote).
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 49; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §5, p. 210, lines 6–11.
Paton, The Moral Law, p. 95; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 4, p. 428, lines 7–11.
Paton, The Moral Law, pp. 95–6; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 4, p. 428, lines 14–17.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 119; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §29, p. 267, lines 30–7.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 56; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §8, p. 215, line 35-p. 216, line 4.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 71; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §15, p. 228, lines 27–31.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, pp. 83–4; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §21, p. 238, line 19-p. 239, line 2.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 88; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §22, p. 242, lines 18–20.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 88; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §22, p. 242, lines 16–18.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, pp. 88–9; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §22, p. 243, lines 4–19.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, pp. 85–9; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §22, p. 240, line 20-p. 244, line 2.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 88; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §22, p. 242, line 34-p. 243, line 2.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, pp. 86–7; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §22, p. 241, lines 18–24.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, pp. 72, 89; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §16, p. 229, line 18; §22, p. 243, lines 12–24.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, pp. 139–40; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §33, p. 284, line 5-p. 285, line 2.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 140; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §33, p. 284, lines 32–3.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 139; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §33, p. 284, lines 9–11.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 137; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §32, p. 282, lines 21–3.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 137; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §32, p. 282, lines 27–30.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 139; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §32, p. 283, lines 28–32.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 141 (my emphasis); Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §34, p. 286, lines 3–11.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 174 (my emphasis); Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §48, p. 312, lines 31–5.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p.72. Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §16, p. 229, lines 10–17.
Thomas Aquinas, St, Summa Theologica, literally translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province, 1st American edn (3 vols, New York, 1947), Part I, Qn 5, Article 4, vol. I, p. 26. Or A good thing is also in fact a beautiful thing, for both epithets have the same basis in reality, namely, the possession of form; and this is why the good is esteemed beautiful. Good and beautiful are not however synonymous. For good (being what all things desire) has to do properly with desire and so involves the idea of end (since desire is a kind of movement towards something). Beauty, on the other hand, has to do with knowledge, and we call a thing beautiful when it pleases the eye of the beholder. This is why beauty is a matter of right proportion, for the senses delight in rightly proportioned things as similar to themselves, the sense-faculty being a sort of proportion itself like all other knowing faculties. Now since knowing proceeds by imaging, and images have to do with form, beauty properly involves the notion of form. (Thomas Aquinas, Saint, Summa Theologiae, Latin and English (60 vols, London, 1969 onwards), vol. n, 1a. 5, 4, p. 73.)
Aquinas, Summa Theologica, 1st American edn, Part n (first part), Qn 27, Article 1, vol. I, p. 707. Or ‘Good’ and ‘beautiful’ have the same reference but differ in meaning. For the good, being ‘What all things want’, is that in which the orexis comes to rest, whereas the beautiful is that in which the orexis comes to rest through contemplation or knowledge. (Aquinas, Summa Theologiae, Latin and English, vol. XIX, 1a, 2ae, 27, 2, p. 77.)
Thomas Aquinas, St, Commentary on the Metaphysics of Aristotle translated by John P. Rowan (2 vols, Chicago, 1961) vol. I, Commentary §764, pp. 305–6.
Ibid., Commentary §771, p. 307.
Ibid., Commentary §781, p. 311.
My emphasis. W. D. Ross, Aristotle, 5th edn (London, 1953) p. 74.
Ludwig Wittgenstein, The 1914–16 Notebooks, p.77e, entry dated 24.7.16.
Meredith, Aesthetic Judgement, p. 73; Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, vol. 5, §16, p. 230, lines 14–20.
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© 1987 Mary A. McCloskey
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McCloskey, M.A. (1987). The Third Moment — The Form of Finality. In: Kant’s Aesthetic. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08796-9_8
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