Abstract
Quantitative measurement of fluorescence has become increasingly valuable in neuroscience, particularly in the study of biogenic amines. Some semiquantitative methods have contributed valuable data on sympathetic nerves. These have generally involved either counting fluorescent nerve profiles in the light microscope, or making visual estimates of nerve density or fluorescence intensity (see for example, Malmfors, 1965; Dahlstrom et al., 1966; Bevan et al., 1972; Gerová et al., 1974; Thorbert et al., 1978). However, these approaches are limited in sensitivity and rely on subjective judgements.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Amenta, F., Mioni, M.C., and Napoleone, P. (1983). The autonomic innervation of the vasa nervorum. J. Neural Transmission 58, 291–297.
Bacopoulos, N.G., Bhatnagar, R.K., Schnute, W.J., and Van Orden, L.S. (1975). On the use of the fluorescence histochemical method to estimate catecholamine content in brain. Neuropharmacology, 14, 291–299.
Bevan, J.A., Bevan, R.D., Purdy, R.E., Robinson, C.P., Su, C., and Waterson, J.G. (1972). Comparison of adrenergic mechanisms in an elastic and a muscular artery of the rabbit. Circ.Res., 30, 541–548.
Caspersson, T., Hillarp, N-A., and Ritzen, M. (1966). Fluorescence microspectrophotometry of cellular catecholamines and 5-hydroxytryptamine. Exp. Cel 1.Res., 42, 415–428.
Coons, A.H., Leduc, E.H., and Conolly, J.M. (1955). Studies on antibody production. 1. A method for the ‘histochemical demonstration of specific antibody and its application to a study of the hyperimmune rabbit. J. exp. Med., 102, 49–60.
Cowen, T., and Burnstock, G. (1980). Quantitative analysis of the density and pattern of adrenergic innervation of blood vessels. Histochemistry, 66, 19–34.
Cowen, T., and Burnstock, G. (1982). Image analysis of catecholamine fluorescence. Brain Res. Bull., 9, 81–87.
Cowen, T., and Burnstock, G. (1984a). Image analysis can compensate for fading in measuring FITC-immunof luorescence. Histochemistry, submitted for publication.
Cowen, T., Haven, A.J., and Burnstock, G. (1984b). Pontamine sky blue: a counter-stain for background autofluorescence in catecholamine fluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Histochemistry, submitted for publication.
Dählström, A., Häggendal, J., and Hökfelt, T. (1966). The noradrenaline content of the varicosities of sympathetic adrenergic nerve terminals in the rat. Acta physiol.scand., 67, 289–294.
Doležel, S. (1973). Uber die Variabilität der adrenergen Innervation der groß en Gefäße. Acta anat., 85, 123–132.
Furness, J.B., and Costa, M. (1975). The use of glyoxylic acid for the fluorescence histochemical demonstration of peripheral stores of noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine in whole mounts. Histochemistry, 41, 335–352.
Gallen, D.D., Cowen, T., Griffith, S.G., Haven, A.J., and Burnstock, G. (1982). Functional and non-functional perivascular nerve-smooth muscle transmission in the renal arteries of the rabbit and guinea-pig: a developmental study. Blood Vessels, 19, 237–246.
Gerovā, M., Gero, J., Doležel, S., and Konecny, M. (1974). Postnatal development of sympathetic control in canine femoral artery. Physiol.Bohemoslov., 23, 289–295.
Griffith, S.G., Crowe, R., Lincoln, J., Haven, A.J., and Burnstock, G. (1982). Regional differences in the density of perivascular nerves and varicosities, noradrenaline content and responses to nerve stimulation in the rabbit ear artery. Blood Vessels, 19, 41–52.
Jonsson, G., (1971). Quantitation of fluorescence of biogenic amines. Prog. Histochern. Cytochem., 2, 299–334.
de la Lande, and Waterson, J.G., (1968). Modification of autofluorescence in the formaldehyde-treated rabbit ear artery by Evans Blue. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 16, 281.
Lewis, R.J., and Tatken, R.L. (1982) Registry of toxic effects of chemical substances (1980 edition, vol.2) p.142. US Department of Health and Human Services.
Lindvall, O., and Björklund, A. (1974). The glyoxylic acid fluorescence histochemical method: a detailed account of the methodology for the visualisation of central catecholamine neurons. Histochemistry, 97–127.
Löfström, A., Jonsson, G., Wiesel, F.A., and Fuxe, K. (1976). Microfluorimetric quantitation of catecholamine fluorescence in rat median eminence. II. Turnover changes in hormonal states. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 24, 430–442.
Malmfors, T. (1965). Studies on adrenergic nerves. Acta. Physiol. Scand., 64, Suppl.248, 1–93.
McGinty, J.F., Koda, L.Y., and Bloom, F.E. (1979). A novel fluorescent marker of CNS vasculature used in combination with monoamine histofluorescence. Neurosci. Abstr., 5, 344.
McGinty, J.F., Milner, T.A., and Loy, R. (1982). Association of sympathetic axons in denervated hippocampus to intracerebral vascu- lature. 1. Fluorescence histochemistry combining glyoxylic acid and pontamine sky blue. Anat.Embryol.(Berl)., 164, 95–100.
Ritzen, M. (1966). Quantitative fluorescence microspectrophotometry of catechol amine-formaldehyde products. Exp.Cell. Res., 44, 505–520.
Schipper, J., Tilders, F.J.H., and Ploem, J.S. (1978). Microfluorimetric scanning of sympathetic nerve fibres; an improved method to quantitate formaldehyde-induced fluorescence of biogenic amines. J. Histochern. Cytochem., 26, 1057–1066.
Schipper, J., Tilders, F.J.H., and Ploem, J.S. (1980). Extraneuronal catecholamine as an index for sympathetic activity in the iris of the rat: a scanning microfluorimetric study. In: Histochemistry and cell biology of autonomic neurones, SIF cells and paraneurons. Eds. Eranko, O., Soinila, S. and Paivarinta, H. Raven Press, New York. pp. 745–751.
Schipper, J., Tilders, F.J.H., and Mulder, A.H. (1980). Extraneuronal catecholamine in the iris of the rat: a consequence of nonsynaptic neurotransmission? Neuroscience, 5, 745–751.
Sternberger, L.A. (1974). The unlabeled antibody enzyme method. In: Immunocytochemi.stry. Prentice Hall Inc. New Jersey, pp. 129–171.
Thorbert, G., Alm, P., Owman, Ch., Sjoberg, N-O., and Sporrong, B. (1978). Regional changes in structural and functional integrity of myometrial adrenergic nerves in pregnant guinea-pig, and their relationship to the localisation of the conceptus. Acta physiol.scand., 103, 120–131.
Tilders, F.J.H., Ploem, J.S., and Smelik, P.G. (1974). Quantitative microfluorimetric studies on formaldehyde-induced fluorescence of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the pineal gland of the rat. J. Histochern.Cytochem., 22, 967–975.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1985 The Wenner-Gren Centre
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cowen, T., Burnstock, G. (1985). Image Analysis of Catecholamine Fluorescence and Immunofluorescence in Studies on Blood Vessel Innervation. In: Agnati, L.F., Fuxe, K. (eds) Quantitative Neuroanatomy in Transmitter Research. Wenner-Gren Center International Symposium Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08171-4_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08171-4_15
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-08173-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-08171-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)