Abstract
It should not be necessary to argue that the United States would play a crucial role in the success of any change in regimes governing North-South economic relations. As the world’s largest, politically integrated market, and as one of the most important markets for developing countries in particular, the acquiescence of the United States in any new norms, rules, and procedures is a must. The broader role of the United States in the international system, as leader of the Western bloc and guarantor of the majority of its international economic regimes, gives it certain distinctive features which, especially in light of the recent theories of hegemonic decline, justify a more detailed examination of its policies than has been given to those of other countries. One further reason for focusing on the United States is the lower than average consistency of its NIEO policies over time. In this chapter, four distinct phases of US policies toward the NIEO between 1974 and 1977 are identified. The purpose of the chapter is to isolate the domestic political factors which explain the oscillations in those policies.
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Notes and References
Stephen Walker, ‘The Interface Between Beliefs and Behavior: Kissinger, His Operational Code and the Vietnam War’, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 21 (1977) 129–68.
William D. Smith, ‘Two Oil Experts Say Major Long-Term Energy Problems Remain’, New York Times (22 March 1974) p. 55.
Thomas O. Enders, ‘The Problem of Commodity Prices and Supply’, Department of State Bulletin (19 August 1974) pp. 300–3.
Roger B. Porter, Presidential Decision-Making: The Economic Policy Board (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980) pp. 39–54. Porter says that Simon and Seidman were equals on the Board. but the facts he reports suggest otherwise.
Official Records, A/PV.2327, pp. 4–12; Daniel P. Moynihan, A Dangerous Place (Boston: Little, Brown, 1978) ch. 7.
US House of Representative, Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Trade, Generalized Tariff Preferences (Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office. 1975);
House Committee on Banking, Currency and Housing, Subcommittee on International Trade, Investment and Monetary Policy, Hearings (Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 1975);
House Committee on International Relations, Subcommittee on International Organizations. Issues at the Special Session of the 1975 UN General Assembly (Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 1975).
Catherine Gwin. ‘The Seventh Special Session: Toward a New Phase of Relations Between the Developed and the Developing States?’ in Karl Sauvant and H. Hasenpflug (eds), New International Economic Order (New York: Westview, 1977) pp. 108–9.
See ‘Reservations by the United States to the Resolution of the Seventh Special Session of the United Nations’, by Jacob Myerson in US House of Representatives, Committee on International Relations, Report by Congressional Advisors to the Seventh Special Session of the United Nations (Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 1975).
US Senate, Committee on Finance, Oversight Hearings on U.S. Foreign Trade Policy (Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 1976) p. 115.
Ibid., p. 21.
Stephen D. Cohen, The Making of United States International Economic Policy (New York: Praeger, 1977) p. 83.
Ibid., pp. 197–8.
See Jere Behrman, International Commodity Agreements (Washington, D.C.: Overseas Development Council, 1977); and see the Beirat report, Notes to Chapter 5, note 12.
Richard Cooper, Karl Kaiser. and Masataka Kosaka, Towards a Renovated International System (New York: The Trilateral Commission, 1977) p. 28.
See Martin M. McLaughlin, ‘The United States in the North-South Dialogue: A Survey’, in The U.S. and World Development: Agenda 1979 (New York: Praeger, 1979) pp. 102–8.
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© 1983 Jeffrey A. Hart
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Hart, J.A. (1983). The United States. In: The New International Economic Order. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06594-3_6
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