Skip to main content

Economic Restraints on Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical Industry

  • Chapter
Book cover Regulation and Restraint in Contemporary Medicine in the UK and USA

Abstract

Economic restraints on research and development in the pharmaceutical industry have been a favourite subject for economists, scientists and other investigators. Both static and dynamic models have been employed to measure the structure and behaviour of the industry. These researches have concentrated on specific components such as the drug approval process, effective patent life and the estimated cost of developing a new chemical entity (NCE). It would seem to be important to challenge the complex issue in broader, practical and humanistic perspectives and to assess the cumulative effect of the many external environmental research and development procedures (R &; D).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Science Indicators, National Patterns of Science and Technology Resources (various years), National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  2. United States Joint Economic Committee, Special Study on Economic Change, Productivity, The Foundation of Growth (1980); Research and Innovation, Developing a Dynamic Economy (1980); Research and Innovation, Developing a Dynamic Nation (1980), US Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  3. United States Joint Economic Committee, Special Study on Economic Change, Research and Innovation, Developing a Dynamic Nation, US Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  4. IMS Pharmaceutical Marketletter, 8 (29), 14 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Confidence in American Technology Shaken, Harris Survey no. 43, Louis Harris &; Associates, New York (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hoff, L. C., &;#x2018;Remarks before the Symposium for the 75th Anniversary of the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act&;#x2019;, sponsored by the Food Drug and Law Institute, Washington, D.C. (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Prescription Industry Fact Book, Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Washington D.C. (1980), pp. 22, 55, 57, 60 and 67

    Google Scholar 

  8. Fuchs, V., in Who Shall Live? Health Economics and Social Choice, Basic Books, New York (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Economic Costs of FDA Regulations, Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Washington, D.C. (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Hansen, R., in The Pharmaceutical Development Process, Estimates of Development Costs and Times and the Effects of Proposed Regulatory Changes, Center for Research in Government Policy and Business, University of Rochester, Rochester, N.Y. (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Subcommittee on Science, Research and Technology of the Committee on Science and Technology, United States House of Representatives, The Food and Drug Administration&;#x2019;s Process for Approving New Drugs, US Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mathias, C. M., United States Senate, Congressional Record, 127 (14) (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Statman, M., Managerial and Decision Economics, 2 (2), 61 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Virts, J., and Weston, J. F., Managerial and Decision Economics, 1 (3), 103 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Industry and Trade Commission, 1979 United States Industrial Outlook, US Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C. (1979), p. 151

    Google Scholar 

  16. Prescription Industry Fact Book, Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Washington D.C. (1980), p. 29

    Google Scholar 

  17. Grabowski, H. G., Vernon, J. M., and Thomas, L. G., in Impact of Public Policy on Drug Innovation and Pricing (ed. S. Mitchell and E. Link), The American University, Washington, D.C. (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  18. FDA Drug Approval &;#x2026; A Lengthy Process that Delays the Availability of Important New Drugs, US General Accounting Office, Washington, D.C. (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Manners, G. E., and Nason, H. K., Research Management, 21 (5), 8 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Drucker, P. F., Science, 204, 806 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Newsletter, 23 (26), 2 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Multiyear Authorizations for Research and Development, General Accounting Office, Gaithersbury, Md (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Koenig, M. E. D., and Gans, D. J., Research Policy, 4, 330 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Meyer, F. H., and Mika, T. R., Drug and Cosmetic Industry, 128, 46 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  25. The Pink Sheet, 43 (21) (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  26. IMS Pharmaceutical Newsletter, 8 (18) (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Robert, A., Testimony before House of Representatives&;#x2019; Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agricultural Research and Environment and Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Pharmaceutical Innovation &;#x2026; Promises and Problems (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Proceedings of the Thirty-Forth National Conference on the Advancement of Research, Scottsdale, Arizona, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  29. Sarett, L. H., Research Management, 17 (2), 18 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Caglarcan, E., Faust, R. E., and Schnee, J. E., in Impact of Public Policy on Drug Innovation and Pricing (ed. S. A. Mitchell and E. A. Link), The American University, Washington, D.C. (1976), p. 331

    Google Scholar 

  31. Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Newsletter, 23 (27), 1 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Chemical and Engineering News, 58, 60 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Parker, J. E. S., Food Drug Cosmetic Law Journal, 32, 160 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Special Report to Senior R &; D Executives, R &; D Management, SRI International, Menlo Park, Calif. (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Faust, R. E., and Stevenson, R. H., Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 21 (2), 301 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Faust, R. E., &;#x2018;Motivating the scientist in the climate for research today&;#x2019;, paper presented at the Pharm Tech Conference, Pharmaceutical Technology, Inglewood, Calif. (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Griffin, R. J., American Pharmacy, 21 (6), 14 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Federal Register 46 (129), 35084 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Dewhirst, H. D., Arvey, R. D., and Brown, E. M., IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, EM-25 (3), 58 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Lasagna, L., New England Journal of Medicine, 298, 906 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  41. SCRIP, no. 591 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Peretz, S. M., Pharmacy International, 2 (2), 8 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  43. IMS Pharmaceutical Marketletter, 8 (28), 12 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  44. McMahon, G., Testimony before House of Representatives&;#x2019; Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agricultural Research and Environment and Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Pharmaceutical Innovation &;#x2026; Promises and Problems (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Schweiker, R. S., paper presented at the Annual Meeting of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Boca Raton, Fla (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Letter from Congressman J. H. Scheuer to President Reagan, 6 March 1981

    Google Scholar 

  47. Toffler, A., The Third Wave, William Morrow, New York (1981)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Hugh L’etang

Copyright information

© 1983 The Royal Society of Medicine

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Faust, R.E., Harris, M.R., Lee, K.I. (1983). Economic Restraints on Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical Industry. In: L’etang, H. (eds) Regulation and Restraint in Contemporary Medicine in the UK and USA. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06501-1_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics