Abstract
The Irish Celt is sociable, as may be known from his proverb, ‘It is better to be quarreling than to be lonely,’1 and the Irish poets of the nineteenth century have made songs abundantly when friends and rebels have been at hand to applaud. The Irish poets of the eighteenth century found both at a Limerick hostelry, above whose door was written a rhyming welcome in Gaelic to all passing poets, whether their pockets were full or empty. Its owner, himself a famous poet, entertained his fellows as long as his money lasted, and then took to minding the hens and chickens of an old peasant woman for a living, and ended his days in rags, but not, one imagines, without content. Among his friends and guests had been Red O’Sullivan, Gaelic O’Sullivan, blind O’Heffernan, and many another, and their songs had made the people, crushed by the disasters of the Boyne and Aughrim,2 remember their ancient greatness.
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Notes
Thomas Moore (1779–1852), in Irish Melodies (10 vols, 1808–34), set his poems to Irish folk airs. The two lyrics mentioned here are the only ones included in BIV. Matthew Arnold, ‘On the Study of Celtic Literature’ (1866), in Lectures and Essays in Criticism, ed. R. H. Super (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1962) p. 371.
Irish translations by Jeremiah (or James) Joseph Callanan (1795–1829) include ‘The Convict of Clonmell, ‘The Lament of O’Gnive’, ‘O Say, My Brown Drimin’ and ‘The Avenger’, collected in The Ballad Poetry of Ireland, ed. Charles Gavan Duffy (Dublin: Duffy, 1845) pp. 117–18
Thomas Davis (1814–45) and James Clarence Mangan (1803–49) were the principal poets of the Young Ireland movement, founded in 1842, which fostered Irish cultural nationalism; see also p. 240, note 21 above. Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832), Scottish poet, novelist, and compiler of Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border (3 vols, 1802–3); Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800–59), English writer and statesman, author of The History of England from the Accession of James II (5 vols, 1849–61); Thomas Campbell (1777–1844), Scottish poet, chiefly remembered for his stirring ballads. Yeats had expressed the same opinion in ‘The Literary Movement in Ireland’ (1899; slightly rev. in Ideals in Ireland, ed. Lady Gregory [London: Unicorn Press, 1901] p. 88
Thomas Davis, ‘Tipperary’, National and Historical Ballads, Songs, and Poems, rev. edn (Dublin: Duffy, [c. 1870]) p. 33
Samuel Ferguson, Congal: A Poem in Five Books (Dublin: Ponsonby, 1872) p. 53
William Blake, [‘Public Address’] (Notebook, p. 62) (WWB II, 383; PWB 253; William Blake’s Writings, ed. G. E. Bentley, Jr, 2 vols [Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978] p. 1042).
Frederic Herbert Trench (1865–1923) was born in Ireland, but spent little time there; he was not included in either edition of BIV. His short lyric ‘To Arolila: 5. Come, let us make Love deathless’ is collected in Selected Poems of Herbert Trench (London: Cape, 1924) p. 120.
George Sigerson, in Bards of the Gael and Gall: Examples of the Poetic Literature of Erinn (1897), 3rd edn (Dublin: Talbot Press, 1925) p. 295.
Diarmad O’Curnain (1740–c. 1810), ‘Love’s Despair’, tr. George Sigerson, in Bards of the Gael and Gall, pp. 349–50; 1. 30 (p. 350) reads: ‘Lost all — but the great love-gift of sorrow.’ George Sigerson (1836–1925), under the pseudonym ‘Erionnach’, translated the second series of The Poets and Poetry of Munster: A Selection of Songs, collected by John O’Daly (Dublin: O’Daly, 1860).
Douglas Hyde’s The Love Songs of Connacht: Being the Fourth Chapter of the Songs of Connacht (Dublin: Gill, 1893)
Lady Gregory collected and translated Irish poetry and anecdotes in Poets and Dreamers: Studies and Translations from the Irish (Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, 1903).
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© 1988 Micheal Yeats
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O’Donnell, W.H. (1988). ‘Modern Irish Poetry’ (1894; rev. 1899, c. 1903, 1908), repr. from A Book of Irish Verse Selected from Modern Writers, ed. W. B. Yeats (1895, rev. 1900). In: O’Donnell, W.H. (eds) Prefaces and Introductions. The Collected Edition of the Works of W. B. Yeats. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06236-2_9
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