Abstract
Contrary to E. M. Forster’s private statements, the literary and personal influences that shaped his idea of homosexuality in Maurice were not unique. They reflected, in fact, a broader social and intellectual milieu that alternately inhibited and stimulated the behaviour and creativity of many writers at the beginning of the twentieth century. The nature of that climate and its impact on Forster is the subject of this paper which focuses, more precisely, on two aspects of the homosexual experience presented in the novel: blackmail and working-class lovers. It is useful to begin, however, with Forster’s own assessment of England at the end of its Edwardian idyll and ask what he meant when he wrote that Maurice was part of ‘an England where it was still possible to get lost. It belongs to the last moment of the greenwood’.1
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Notes
E. M. Forster, ‘Terminal Note’, Maurice (London: Edward Arnold, 1971), p. 240. All further references are to this edition.
Ian Young, ‘The Flower Beneath the Foot: A Short History of the Gay Novel’, The Male Homosexual in Literature: A Bibliography, ed. Ian Young (Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press, 1975 ), p. 151.
Frank Harris in H. Montgomery Hyde, The Other Lore ( London: Heinemann, 1970 ), pp. 152–3;
Edward Carpenter,. My Days and Dreams, Being Autobiographical Notes (London: Allen & Unwin, 1916), p. 196.
J. A. Symonds, A Problem in Modern Ethics in Edward Carpenter, The Intermediate Sex, 2nd ed. ( London: Swan Sonnenschein, 1909 ), p. 137;
Strachey to Keynes in Roger Austen. Playing the Game, The Homosexual Novel in America ( Indianapolis: Bobbs Merrill, 1977 ), p. 51.
Maugham in A. L. Rowse, Homosexuals in History (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1977 ), p. 241;
E. M. Forster, ‘Introduction’, The Life to Come. ed. Oliver Stallybrass, Abinger edn. (London: Edward Arnold, 1972), p. xiv.
P. N. Furbank, E. M. Forster: A Life (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1978 ), I, pp. 78–9;
J. R. Ackerley, My Father and Myself ;(1968 New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975), pp. 118–19. All further references are to these editions.
K. J. Dover, Greek Homosexuality ( London: Duckworth, 1978 ), p. 203.
Samuel Butler, Life and Habit (1878; New York: AMS Press, 1968 ), p. 203.
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© 1982 Judith Sccherer Herz and Robert K. Martin
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Nadel, I.B. (1982). Moments in the Greenwood: Maurice in Context. In: Herz, J.S., Martin, R.K. (eds) E. M. Forster: Centenary Revaluations. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-05625-5_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-05625-5_11
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
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