Abstract
A natural beach of sand or shingle is an economic means of absorbing the energy of breaking waves, and thus protecting an erodible coastline. Chapter 5 indicates how a coastal regime may vary with changes in offshore topography. It is also necessary to consider how the regime may be affected by maritime works interfering with the natural processes of littoral drift. After allowing for such factors, the engineer has to consider the sufficiency of the natural beach material for continuous protection, making provision for possible short-term and long-term variations. At this stage, it may be possible to assess whether or not artificial means are necessary to augment or sustain the beach; alternatively it may be decided that some other expedient will be necessary to replace the function of the beach in full or in part. These stages in the evolution of an economic scheme of coast protection are described in outline below.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
A.M. Muir Wood, Characteristics of shingle beaches: the solution to some practical problems, Proceedings of the 12th Coastal Engineering Conference, Washington, 1970, pp. 1059–76
J.M. Armstrong, Low cost shore protection on the Great Lakes: a demonstration research programme, Proceeding of the 15th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hawaii, 1976, vol. Ill, pp. 2858~87
B.L. Edge, J.G. Housley and G.M. Watts, Low-cost shore protection, Proceedings of the 15th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hawaii, 1976, vol. Ill, pp. 2888–904
M. Porraz, J.A. Maza and M.L. Munoz, Low cost structures using operational design systems, Proceedings of ASCE Specialty Conference ‘Sediments 77’, Charleston, 1977, pp. 672–85
T.W. Richardson, Systems for bypassing at coastal inlets, Proceedings of ASCE Specialty Conference ‘Sediments 77’, Charleston, 1977, pp. 67–84
C.P. Jones and A.J. Mehta, A comparative review of sand transfer systems at Florida’s tidal entrances, Proceedings of ASCE Specialty Conference ‘Sediments 77’, Charleston, 1977 pp. 48–66
E.C. McNair, A sand bypassing system using a jet pump, Proceedings of the 15th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hawaii, 1976, vol. Ill, pp. 1342–60
J. Duvivier, The Selsey Coast protection scheme, Proc. Instn civ. Engrs., 20 (1961) 481–506
Hydraulics Research Station, Seaford Sea Wall — protection by artificial fill, Report No. EX 209(1963)
Shore Protection Manual (U.S. Army C.E.R.C., 1975)
M.K. Gaughan and P.D. Komar, Groin length and generation of edge waves, Proceedings of the 15th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hawaii, 1976, vol. II, pp. 1459–76
R.C.H. Russell and C.F. Stewart, An investigation of a model shingle beach: the terminal groyne problem, Internal Hydraulics Research Station Report; see also Hydraulics Research (1960) D.S.I.R. pp. 65–7
R. Silvester, Headland defense of coasts, Proceedings of the 15th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hawaii, 1976, vol. II, pp. 1394–406
T.L. Walton, Equilibrium shores and coastal design, Proceedings of ASCE Specialty Conference ‘Sediments 77’, Charleston, 1977, pp. 1–16
R.G. Dean, Diffraction calculations of shoreline planforms, Proceedings of the 16th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hamburg, 1978, vol. II, pp. 1903–17
H. Lamb, Hydrodynamics, 6th edn. (Cambridge University Press 1945)
R.M. Noble, Coastal structures’ effects on shorelines, Proceedings of the 16th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hamburg, 1978, vol. Ill, pp. 2069–85
I. Fried, Protection by means of offshore breakwaters, Proceedings of the 15th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hawaii, 1976, vol. II, pp. 1407–24
O. Toyoshima, Changes in sea bed due to detached breakwaters, Proceedings of the 15th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hawaii, 1976, vol. II, pp. 1572–89
O. Toyoshima, Design of a detached breakwater system, Proceedings of the 14th Coastal Engineering Conference, Copenhagen, 1974
W.A. Price, and K.W. Tomlinson, The effect of artifical seaweed in promoting the build-up of beaches, Proceedings of the 11th Coastal Engineering Conference, London, 1968, paper 135
H.G.H. Ten Hoopen, Recent applications of artificial seaweed in the Netherlands, Proceedings of the 15 th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hawaii, 1976, vol. Ill, pp. 2905–15
R.D. Hobson, Sediment handling and beach fill design, Proceedings of ASCE Specialty Conference ‘Sediments 77’, Charleston, 1977, pp. 167–80
H. Christiansen, Economic profiling of beach fills, Proceedings of ASCE Specialty Conference, ‘Sediments 77’, Charleston, 1977, pp. 1042–8
A. Fiihrboter, A refraction groyne built by sand, Proceedings of the 14th Coastal Engineering Conference, Copenhagen, 1974
H.H. Dette, Effectiveness of beach deposit nourishment, Proceedings of ASCE Specialty Conference ‘Sediments 77’ Charleston, 1977, pp. 211–27
D. Esteva, Wave direction Computations with three gauge arrays, Proceedings of the 15th Coastal Engineering Conference, Hawaii, 1976, vol. I, pp. 349–67
R. Pelmard-Considere, Essaie de theorie de revolution des formes de rivages en plages de sables et de galets, IVième journées de l’Hydraulique, Question 111(1956)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1981 A. M. Muir Wood and C. A. Fleming
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wood, A.M.M., Fleming, C.A. (1981). Planning of Coast Protection. In: Coastal Hydraulics. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-04506-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-04506-8_6
Publisher Name: Palgrave, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-04508-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-04506-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)