Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Transformer Noise

  • Chapter
Modern Power Transformer Practice

Abstract

Transformers emit a distinctive hum which is continuous, of constant level and irrespective of load and which consists of discrete frequency components. Although over the years the noise produced by transformers of given rated power has been reduced, the problem has become severe owing to the increasing size and number of transformers and the tendency for these to be located closer to load centres. The result has been that the likelihood of annoyance to residents has become potentially greater and that more and more precautions now need to be taken at the planning stage. Complaints can to a large extent be forestalled provided suitable estimates are made at this stage and provided measures are taken to limit the noise.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Fletcher, H., and Munson, W. A., Equal Loudness Contours for Pure Tones, A.A Publ., No. Z 24. 2 (1942)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Churcher, B. G., and King, A. J., The performance of noise meters, J. Inst. Electr. Eng., 81, (1937) 57

    Google Scholar 

  3. French, N. R., and Steinberg, J. C., Intelligibility of speech sounds, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 19, (1947) 90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. George, W. R., Holt, E., and Thompson, J. E., Magnetostriction in steel, Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng., Part A 109, (1962) 101

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ruhlmann, R., Harmonics in the noise emitted by transformers, Elektrotech. Z., Ausg. A, 85, (1964) 430

    Google Scholar 

  6. Whitaker, J. D., Magnetostriction in steel, Electr. Times, 137, (1960) 675

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ferranti Limited, Vibrations of Transformer Cores (1960) (animated film based on measurements)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Jordan, H., Reinke, H., and Taegen, F., Mechanical natural frequencies of transformers, AEG Mitt., 52, (1962) 445

    Google Scholar 

  9. Henshall, R. D., Bennett, P. J., McCallion, H., and Milner, M., Natural frequencies and mode shapes of vibration of transformer cores, Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng., 112, (1965) 2133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Cervini, G. C., Variable frequency constant voltage three-phase supply for the observation of vibrations in transformers, Elettrotecnica, L1-N 8 bis, (1964) 630

    Google Scholar 

  11. Mattei, J., Acoustical study of electrical generating and transmitting stations, Rev. Gen. Electr., 74, (1965) 205

    Google Scholar 

  12. Milner, M., Problems of transformer noise, Mach. Lloyd, April 9, (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kerr, H. W., and Palmer, S., Developments in the design of large power transformers, Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng., 111, (1964) 823

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Brownsey, C. M., The assessment of performance of anti-vibration materials, Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng., Part A 109, (1962) Suppl. No. 3, 231

    Google Scholar 

  15. Keil, C., and Milner, M., The Performance of Noise Enclosures for Transformers, CIGRE Rep., No. 105, No. 105A (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Jackson, R. S., Performance of acoustic hoods, Acustica, 12, (1962) 139

    Google Scholar 

  17. Jump, L., Causes and reduction of transformer noise, AEI Eng., (1964) 200

    Google Scholar 

  18. Milner, M., and Bennett, P. J., Transformer noise reduction, Electr. Times, 25 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Brownsey, C. M., The Problem of Noise with Particular Reference to Transformers, Cent. Electr. Res. Lab. (Leatherhead), M. m., No. 3 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Milner, M., and Dunsbee, J., Transformer noise harmonics, 5th Int. Cong. Acoust., Liège Pap., No. F. 12 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  21. British Standards Institution, BS 4142, Method of Rating Industrial Noise Affecting Mixed Residential and Industrial Areas (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  22. International Organisation for Standardisation, ISO R-1996, Assessment ofNoise with Respect to Community Response (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Beranek, L. L., Noise Reduction, McGraw-Hill, New York (1960) 519

    Google Scholar 

Additional References

  • a. Beranek, L. L., Acoustics, McGraw-Hill, New York (1954)

    Google Scholar 

  • b. King, A. J., Measurement and Suppression of Noise (with Special Reference to Electrical Machines), Chapman and Hall, London (1965)

    Google Scholar 

Acoustical terms

  • a. British Standards Institution, BS 661, Glossary of Acoustical Terms (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • b. United States of America Standards Institute, USAS S1.1, Acoustical Terminology (Including Mechanical Shock and Vibration) (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  • c. International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 50 (08), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, Group 08, Electro Acoustics (1960)

    Google Scholar 

Transformer noise

  • a. IEEE Committee Report Bibliography on transformer noise, IEEE Trans. Power Appar. Syst., 87, No. 2, February (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • b. British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers’ Association Limited, Guide to Transformer Noise Measurement, BEAMA Publ., No. 227 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • c. British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers’ Association Limited, Guide to Transformer Noise Terminology, BEAMA Publ., No. 231 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

Sound level meters

  • a. British Standards Institution, BS 4197, Specification for a Precision Sound Level Meter (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • b. International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 179, Precision Sound Level Meters (1973)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. J. Dunsbee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Milner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. formerly Transformer Department, Power Division, Ferranti Limited, UK

    R. Feinberg Dr.-Ing., M.Sc., F.I.E.E. (Consultant) (Consultant)

Copyright information

© 1979 Macmillan Publishers Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dunsbee, J., Milner, M. (1979). Transformer Noise. In: Feinberg, R. (eds) Modern Power Transformer Practice. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-04087-2_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-04087-2_8

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-349-04089-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-349-04087-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation