Abstract
It would not be difficult to append to this paper a very long list of questions, each reflecting an uncertainty, the resolution of which is probably relevant to the problem of marsupial biogeography. Some of these questions would be biological, some palaeontological, and a large group would be geophysical. While reconstructions of former continental positions, such as those of Dietz and Holden (1970) or Briden, Drewry and Smith (1974), may be tempting points of reference for the biologist, they are continually under challenge. Doubt exists both on obvious points such as the positions of India and Madagascar and on less obvious ones like those raised. by Burrett (1974), who suggests that Asia comprised nine blocks that only fused well into the Mesozoic. Similar doubts about the nature of Antarctica will be discussed later and might also be raised in relation to Australia (McElhinny and Embleton, 1974).
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Air, G. M., Thompson, E. O. P., Richardson, B. J. and Sharman, G. B. (1971). Amino-acid sequences of kangaroo myoglobin and haemoglobin and the date of marsupial-eutherian divergence. Nature, 229, 391–4.
Anderson, J. J. (1965). Bedrock geology of Antarctica: a summary of exploration 1831–1962. Am. Geophys. Union, Antarctic Res. Ser., 6, 1–70.
Aubreville, A. (1973). Distribution des Coniferes dans la Pangee. Essais. Adansonia, ser. 2, 13, 125–33.
Audley-Charles, M. G., Carter, D. J. and Milsom, J. S. (1972). Tectonic development of eastern Indonesia in relation to Gondwanaland dispersal. Nature Physical Science, 239, 35–9.
Bain, J. H. C. (1973). A summary of the main structural elements of Papua New Guinea, in The Western Pacific; Island Arcs, Marginal Seas, Geochemistry (ed. Coleman, P. J. ), University of Western Australia Press, Nedlands.
Briden, J. C., Drewry, G. E. and Smith, G. A. (1974). Phanerozoic equal-area world maps. J. Geol., 82, 555–74.
Burrett, C. F. (1974). Plate tectonics and the fusion of Asia. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 21, 181–9.
Butler, P. M. and Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. (1973). Is Deltatheridium a marsupial? Nature, 245, 105–6.
Clemens, W. A. (1968). Origin and early evolution of marsupials. Evolution, 22, 1–18.
Clemens, W. A. (1971). Mammalian evolution in the Cretaceous, in Early Mammals (ed. Kermack, D. M. and K. A.), Suppl. No. 1 to J. Linn. Soc. (Ecol), 5, Academic Press, London.
Coney, P. J. (1971). Cordilleran tectonic transitions and motion of the North American plate. Nature, 233, 462–5.
Cox, C. B. (1970). Migrating marsupials and drifting continents. Nature, 226, 767–70.
Cox, C. B. (1973). Systematics and plate tectonics in the spread of marsupials. Spec. Pap. Palaeontol. 12, 113–9.
Dalziel, I. W. D., Klingfield, R., Lowrie, W. and Opdyke, N. C. (1973). Palaeomagnetic data from the southernmost Andes and the Antarctandes, in Implications of Continental Drift to the Earth Sciences, vol. I (ed. Tarling, D. H. and Runcorn, S. K. ), Academic Press, London, pp. 87–101.
Darlington, P. J. (1965). Biogeography of the Southern End of the World, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Dietz, R. S. and Holden, J. C. (1970). Reconstruction of Pangaea: breakup and dispersion of continents, Permian to present. J. Geophys. Res., 75, 4939–56.
Dingle, R. V. and Scrutton, R. A. (1974). Continental breakup and the development of post-Palaeozoic sedimentary basins around Southern Africa. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 85, 1467–74.
Doutch, H. F. (1972). The paleogeography of Northern Australia and New Guinea and its relevance to the Torres Strait Area, in Bridge and Barrier: the Natural and Cultural History of Torres Strait (ed. Walker, D.), Australian National University Publication BG/3, Canberra, pp. 1–10.
Fleming, C. A. (1962). New Zealand biogeography-a palaeontologist’s approach. Tuatara, 10, 53–108.
Fooden, J. (1972). Breakup of Pangaea and isolation of relict mammals in Australia, South America and Madagascar. Science, 175, 894–8.
Fox, R. C. (1968). Early Campanian (Late Cretaceous) mammals from Alberta, Canada. Nature, 220, 1046.
Good, R. (1964). The Geography of Flowering Plants, 3rd ed., Longmans, London. Gordon, W. A. (1973). Marine life and ocean surface currents in the Cretaceous. J. Geol., 81, 269–84.
Grambast, L., Martinez, M., Mattauer, M. and Thaler, L. (1967). Peratherium altiplanense Nov. Gen., nov. sp., premier mammifere Mesozoique d’Amerique du sud. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 264, 707–10.
Griffiths, J. R. (1971). Reconstruction of the south-west Pacific margin of Gondwanaland. Nature, 234, 203–7.
Hamilton, W. (1967). Tectonics of Antarctica. Tectonophysics, 4, 555–68.
Hawkes, D. D. (1962). The structure of the Scotia Arc. Geol. Mag., 99, 85–91.
Hayes, H. E. and Ringis, J. (1973). Seafloor spreading in the Tasman Sea. Nature, 243, 454–8.
Heirtzler, J. R., Veevers, J. V., Bolli, H. M., Carter, A. N., Cook, P. J., Krasheninnikov, V. A., McKnight, B. K., Proto-Decima, F., Renz, G. W., Robinson, P. T., Rocker, K. and Thayer, P. A. (1973). Age of the floor of the eastern Indian ocean. Science, 180, 952–4.
Herron, E. M. (1972). Seafloor spreading and the Cenozoic history of the east-central Pacific. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 83, 1671–92.
Hershkovitz, P. (1972). The recent mammals of the neotropical region: a zoogeographic and ecological review, in Evolution, Mammals, and Southern Continents (ed. Keast, A., Erk, F. C. and Glass, B. ), State University of New York Press, Albany, pp. 311–431.
Hoffstetter, M. R. (1970). L’histoire biogeographiques des marsupiaux et la dichotomie marsupiaux-placentaires. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 271, 388–91.
Jardine, N. and McKenzie, D. (1972). Continental drift and the dispersal and evolution of organisms. Nature, 235, 20–4.
Johnson, T. and Molnar, P. (1972). Focal mechanisms and plate tectonics of the southwest Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 77, 5000–32.
Jurdy, D. M. and Van der Voo, R. (1974). A method for the separation of true polar wander and continental drift, including results for the last 55 m.y. J. Geophys. Res., 79, 2945–52.
Karig, D. E. (1971). Origin and development of marginal basins in the western Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 76, 2542–61.
Keast, A. (1972). Australian mammals: zeoogeography and evolution, in Evolution, Mammals and Southern Continents (ed. Keast, A., Erk, F. C. and Glass, B. ), State University of New York Press, Albany, pp. 195–246.
Keast, A. (1973). Contemporary biotas and the separation sequence of the southern continents, in Implications of Continental Drift to the Earth Sciences, vol. 1 (ed. Tarling, D. H. and Runcorn, S. K. ), Academic Press, London, pp. 309–43.
Kermack, K. A. and Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. (1971). Therian and non-therian mammals, in Early Mammals (ed. Kermack, D. M. and K. A.), Suppl. No. 1 to J. Linn, Soc. (Ecol.), 5, Academic Press, London.
Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. (1970). Unknown structures in multituberculate skull. Nature, 226, 974–6.
Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. (1974). Migrations of the Multituberculata and the late Cretaceous connections between Asia and North America. Ann. S. Afr. Mus., 64, 231–43.
Larson, R. L. and Chase, C. G. (1972). Late Mesozoic evolution of the western Pacific. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 83, 3627–44.
Larson, R. L. and Pitman, W. C. (1972). World-wide correlation of Mesozoic magnetic anomalies and its implications. GeoL Soc. Am. Bull., 83, 3645–62.
Le Pichon, X. (1968). Sea floor spreading and continental drift. J. Geophys..Res., 73, 3661–97.
McElhinny, M. W. (1973). Palaeomagnetism and Plate Tectonics, Cambridge University Press, London.
McElhinny, M. W. and Embleton, B. J. J. (1974). Australian palaeomagnetism and the Phanerozoic plate tectonics of Eastern Gondwanaland. Tectonophysics, 22, 1–29.
McGowran, B. (1973). Rifting and drifting of Australia and the migration of mammals. Science, 180, 759–61.
McKenna, M. C. (1972). Was Europe connected directly to North America prior to the Middle Eocene? Evol. Biol., 6, 179–89.
McKenzie, D. and Sclater, J. G. (1971). The evolution of the Indian Ocean since the late Cretaceous. Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 25, 437–528.
Markl. R. G. (1974). Evidence for the breakup of eastern Gondwanaland by the early Cretaceous. Nature, 251, 196–200.
Martin, P. G. (1975). Marsupial biogeography in relation to continental drift. Mem. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. N S. (A), 88, 216–37.
Melville, R. (1969) (no title). Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. B, 225, 617–9.
Menard, H. W. (1969). Growth of drifting volcanoes. J. Geophys. Res., 74, 4827–37.
Menard, H. W. (1973). Does Mesozoic mantle convection still persist? Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 20, 237–41.
Olson, E. C. (1971). Vertebrate Paleozoology, Wiley, New York.
Patterson, B. and Pascual, R. (1968). The fossil mammal fauna of South America. Quart. Rev. Biol., 43, 409–51.
Preest, D. S. (1963). A note on the dispersal characteristics of the seed of the New Zealand podocarps and beeches and their biogeographical significance, in Pacific Basin Biogeography (ed. Gressitt, J. L. ), Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, pp. 415–24.
Raven, P. H. and Axelrod, D. I. (1974). Angiosperm biogeography and past continental movements. Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden, 61 (2), 539–673.
Shopf, J. M. (1970). Ellsworth mountains: position in West Antarctica due to sea-floor spreading. Science, 164, 63–5.
Schuster, R. M. (1972). Continental movements, ‘Wallace’s line’ and Indomalayan-Australasian dispersal of land plants: some eclectic concepts. Bot. Rev., 38, 3–86.
Sharman, G. B. (1974). Marsupial taxonomy and phylogeny. J. Aust. Mammal Soc., 1, 137–54.
Sigé, M. B. (1968). Dents de micromammiferes et fragments de coquilles d’oeufs de dinosauriens dans la fauna de vertebres du cretace superieur de laguna Umayo (Andes Peruviennes). C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 267, 1495–8.
Sige, M. B. (1971). Les Didelphoidea de Laguna Umayo (formation Vilquechico, Cretace superieur, Perou) et le peuplement marsupial d’Amerique du Sud. C R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 273, 2479–81
Slaughter, B. H. (1968). Earliest known marsupials. Science, 162, 254–5.
Smith, A. G. (1970). The Pacific as a key to flowering plant history. University of Hawaii, Harold L. Lyon Arboretum lecture number 1.
Sporne, K. R. (1971). The Mysterious Origin of Flowering Plants, Oxford University Press, London.
Stenzel, P. (1974). Opossum Hb chain sequence and neutral mutation theory. Nature, 252, 62–3.
St. John, V. P. (1970). The gravity field and structure of Papua and New Guinea. Aust. Petrol. Explor. Assoc. J., 10 (2), 41–55.
Takhtajan, A. (1969). Flowering Plants. Origin and Dispersal, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.
Tyndale-Biscoe, H. (1973). Life of Marsupials, Edward Arnold, London.
Van Steenis, C. G. G. J. (1971). Nothofagus, key genus of plant geography, in time and space, living and fossil, ecology and phylogeny. Blumea, 19, 69–98.
Van Valen, L. (1974). Deltatheridium and marsupials. Nature, 248, 165–6.
Vogt, P. R. (1972). The Faeroe-Iceland-Greenland aseismic ridge and the western boundary undercurrent. Nature, 239, 79–81.
Vogt, P. F. and Avery, O. E. (1974). Detailed magnetic surveys in the Northeast Atlantic and Labrador sea. J. Geophys. Res., 79, 363–89.
Wardle, P. (1973). New Guinea, our tropical counterpart, Tuatara, 20, 113–24.
Wellman, P., McElhinny, M. W. and McDougall, I. (1969). On the polar-wandering path for Australia during the Cenozoic. Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 18, 371–95.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1977 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Martin, P.G. (1977). Marsupial biogeography and plate tectonics. In: Stonehouse, B., Gilmore, D. (eds) The Biology of Marsupials. Studies in Biology, Economy and Society. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-02721-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-02721-7_6
Publisher Name: Palgrave, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-02723-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-02721-7
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)