Skip to main content

Reproduction in male marsupials

  • Chapter
Book cover The Biology of Marsupials

Part of the book series: Studies in Biology, Economy and Society

Abstract

For as long as marsupials have been known, the female has always excited more scientific interest than the male, and many of the early accounts of marsupials concerned themselves only with the female (see Hartmann, 1952). Nevertheless, the male marsupial has many features of interest and there is an extensive literature dating back to Cowper (1704). In this review I have endeavoured to describe aspects of reproductive physiology of the male marsupial where some advances have been made recently or where the situation in the marsupial is of particular interest. Structure of the mature spermatozoa, anatomy of the penis and seasonal patterns of reproduction have not been included.

Dr B. P. Setchell is a graduate of the universities of Sydney and Cambridge. Formerly a Veterinary Research Officer with the New South Wales Department of Agriculture and a Research Scientist with the C.S.I.R.O. division of Animal Physiology, he is now a Senior Principal Research Officer in the Biochemistry Department of the Agricultural Research Council Institute of Animal Physiology, Babraham. His main research interests are in the physiology, biochemistry and endocrinology of the testis, oxidative metabolism of organs in vivo and comparative aspects of male reproduction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams, J. (1847–9). Prostate gland. In: Cyclopedia of Anatomy and Physiology, Vol. IV, Pt. 1 (ed. R. B. Todd), Longman, Brown, Green Longmans and Roberts, London, pp. 146–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Agar, W. E. (1923). The male meiotic phase in two genera of marsupials (Macropus and Petauroides). Quart. J. Microscop. Sci., 67, 183–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Azzali, G. and DiDio, L. J. A. (1965). The lymphatic system of Didelphys azarae and Didelphys marsupialis. Am. J. Anat., 116, 449–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baldwin, J. and Temple-Smith, P. (1973). Distribution of LDH-X in mammals: presence in marsupials and absence in the monotremes Platypus and Echidna. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 46B, 805–11.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bancroft, B. J. (1973). Embryology of Schoinobates volans (Kerr) (Marsupialia: Petauridae).Aust. J. Zool., 21, 33–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Bardeleben, K. (1896). Uber Spermatogenese bei Monotremen und Beutelthieren. Verh. Anat. Ges. Jena. 10, 38–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bardin, C. W. and Peterson, R. E. (1967). Studies of androgen production by the rat: testosterone and androstenedione content of blood. Endocrinology, 80, 38–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barnett, C. H. and Brazenor, C. W. (1958). The testicular rete mirabile of marsupials. Aust. J. Zool., 6, 27–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beddard, F. E. (1891). On the pouch and brain of the male thylacine. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 138–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benda, C. (1906). Die Spermiogenese der Marsupialier. Denkschr. Med. Naturw. Ges. Jena. 6, 441–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biggers, J. D. (1964). Reproduction in male marsupials. Symp. Zool. Soc. London, 15, 25 1–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Binder, S. (1927). Spermatogenese von Macropus giganteus. Z. Zellforsch, 5, 293–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boardman, W. (1945). Some points in the external morphology of the pouch young of the marsupial Thylacinus cynocephalus Harris. Proc. Linnean Soc. N. S. Wales. 70, 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolliger, A. (1942). Spermatorrhoea in marsupials with special reference to the action of sex hormones on spermatogenesis of Trichosurus vulpecula. J. Proc. Roy. Soc. N. S. Wales., 76, 86–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolliger, A,(1943). Functional relations between scrotum and pouch and the experimental production of a pouch-like structure in the male of Trichosurus vulpecula. J. Proc. Roy. Soc. N. S. Wales 76, 283–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolliger, A. (1944). An experiment on the complete transformation of the scrotum into a marsupial pouch in Trichosurus vulpecula. Med. J. Aust., 11, 56–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolliger, A. (1946). Some aspects of marsupial reproduction. J. Proc. Roy. Soc. N. S. Wales, 80, 2–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolliger, A. (1954). Organ transformation induced by oestrogen in an adolescent marsupial (Trichosurus vulpecula) J. Proc. Roy. Soc. N. S. Wales, 88, 33–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolliger, A. and Carrodus, A. L. (1938). Spermatorrhoea in Trichosurus vulpecula and other marsupials. Med. J. Aust., 2, 118–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolliger, A. and Carrodus, A. (1939). Experimental testicular ascent as produced in a marsupial (Trichosurus vulpecula) Aust. N. Z. J. Surg., 9, 155–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bolliger, A. and Carrodus, A. (1940). The effect of testosterone propionate on pouch, scrotum, clitoris and penis of Trichosurus vulpecula. Med. J. Aust., II, 368–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolliger, A. and Tow, A. J. (1946). Late effects of castration and administration of sex hormones on the male Trichosurus vulpecula. J. Endocrinol., 5: 32–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van den Broek, A. J. P. (1910). Untersuchungen Über den Bau der männlichen Geschlechtsorgane der Beuteltiere. Morphol. Jahrb., 41, 347–436.

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Broek, A. J. P. (1933). Gonaden und Ausführungsgänge. In: Handbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbeltiere (ed. L. Bolk, E. Goppart, E. Kallius and W. Lubosch), Urban and Schwarzenburg, Berlin, pp. 1–154.

    Google Scholar 

  • Broom, R. (1898). A contribution to the development of the common phalanger. Proc. Linnean Soc. N. S. Wales, 23, 705–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan, G. and Fraser, E. A. (1919). The development of the urogenital system in the Marsupialia, with special reference to Trichosurus vulpecula. J. Anat., 53, 35–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Burlet, H. M. (1921). Zur Entwicklung und Morpholigie des Säugerhodens II Marsupialer. Z. Anat. Enwickl. Abt. 161, 19–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, R. K. Jr (1939a) The differentiation of sex in the opossum (Didelphys virginiana) and its modification by the male hormone testosterone propionate. J. Morphol., 65, 79–119.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, R. K. Jr (1939b). Sex differentiation during the early pouch stages of the opossum (Didelphys virginiana) and a comparison of the anatomical changes induced by male and female sex hormones. J. Morphol., 65, 497–547.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, R. K. Jr (1941). The origin of the rete apparatus in the opossum. Science 94, 142–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carrick, F. N. (1969). Spermatogenesis in the brush-tailed possum. Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr, 1792) with special reference to the effects of high ambient temperature. B.Sc. Honours Thesis, University of N. S. W., Sydney, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrick, F. N. (1972). Short range bio-telemetry of temperatures in the Euro (Macropus robustus). Aust. Mammal., 1, 65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrick, F. N. and Cox, R. I. (1973). Testosterone concentrations in the spermatic vein plasma of marsupials. J. Reprod. Fert., 32, 338–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carrodus, A. and Bolliger, A. (1939). The effect of oestrogenic hormone on the prostate of the marsupial Trichosurus vulpecula. Med. J. Aust., II, 633–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chase, E. B. (1939). The reproductive system of the male opossum, Didelphis virginiana Kerr and its experimental modification J. Morphol, 65, 215–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, A. K. and Fawcett, D. W. (1961). The normal fine structure of opossum testicular interstitial cells. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol., 9, 653–70.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cleland, K. W. (1956). Acrosome formation in bandicoot spermiogenesis. Nature, 177, 387–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clermont, Y. (1972). Kinetics of spermatogenesis in mammals: seminiferous epithelium cycle and spermatogonial renewal. Physiol. Rev., 52, 198–236.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, B., Sutterlin, N. S., Graber, S. W. and Nalbandov, A. V. (1974). Gonadal steroid synthesis in the Virginian opossum, Didelphis marsupialis. J. Endocrinol., 61, ix.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa, M. T. A., Godinho, H. P. and Cardosa, F. (1975). Unpublished observations.

    Google Scholar 

  • Courot, M., Hochereau-de Reviers, M-T., and Ortavant, R. (1970). Spermatogenesis. In: The Testis, Vol. 1 (ed. A. D. Johnson, W. R. Gomes and N. L. Van Demark ), Academic Press, New York., pp. 339–432.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cowper, W. (1699). An account of two glands and their excretory ducts lately discovered in human bodies. Phil. Trans. Roy Soc. 21, 364–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cowper, W. (1704). A letter to Dr. Edward Tyson giving an account of the anatomy of those parts of a male opossum that differ from the female. Phil Trans. Roy, Soc., 24, 1576–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, D. J. (1882). Report on some points in the anatomy of the Thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus) Cuscus (Phalagista maculata) and Phascogale (Phascogale calura) collected during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger in the years 1873–1875. Rep. Sci. Res. Voyage H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology, Vol. 5, Part 16, 1–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Curtis, G. M. (1918). The morphology of the mammalian seminiferous tubule. Am. J. Anat., 24, 339–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cuvier, G. (1805). Lecons d’Anatomée Comparée, Tome V, Baudouin, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Disselhorst, R. (1904). Die männlichen Geschlechtsorgane der Monotremen und einiger Marsupialen. Denkschr. Med. Naturw. Ges. Jena, 6, 122–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duesberg, J. (1920). Cytoplasmic structures in the seminal epithelium of the opossum. Cont. Embryol., 9, 49–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Einer-Jensen, N. (1974). Local recirculation of 133 Xenon and 85 Krypton to the testes and the caput epididymidis in rats. J Reprod. Fert., 37, 55–60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fawcett, D. W., Neaves, W. B. and Flores, M. N. (1974). Comparative observations on intertubular lymphatics and the organization of the interstitial tissue of the mammalian testis. Biol. Reprod., 9, 500–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finkel, M. P. (1945). The relation of sex hormones to pigmentation and to testis descent in the opossum and ground squirrel. Am. J. Anat., 76, 93–151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fordham, M. G. C. (1928). The anatomy of the urogenital organs of the male Myrmecobius fasciatus. J. Morphol. Physiol., 46, 563–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, E. A. (1919). The development of the urogenital system in the Marsupialia, with special reference to Trichosurus vulpecula. J. Anat., 53, 97–129.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frith, H. J. and Sharman, G. B. (1964). Breeding in wild populations of the Red Kangaroos Megaleia rufa. C.S.I.R.O. Wildlife Res., 9, 86–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • F’tirst, C. M. (1880). Ueber die Entwicklung der Samenkörperchen bei den Beuteltheiren, Arch. Mikrosk. Anat., 30, 336–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilmore, D. P. (169). Seasonal reproductive periodicity in the male Australian Brush-tailed possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). J. Zool. London 157, 75–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Graaf, F. (1668). Tractatus de virorum organis generationi inservientibus Lugd. Batav et Roterod. Hackiana. Translated by H. D. Jocelyn and B. P. Setchell. J. Reprod. Fert. Suppl., 17, 1–76 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  • Green. L. M. A. (1963). Interstitial cells in the testis of an Australian phalanger (Trichosurus vulpecula). Aust. J. Exp. Biol., 41, 99–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, A. W. (1923). Marsupial spermatogenesis. Quart. J. Microscop. Sci., 67, 203–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guiler, E. R. (1970). Observations on the Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae). II. Reproduction, breeding and growth of pouch young. Aust J. Zool., 18, 63–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guiler, E. R. and Heddle, R. W. L. (1970). Testicular and body temperature in the Tasmanian Devil and three other species of marsupial. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 33, 881–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guraya, S. S. (1971). Morphological and histochemical changes in the mitochondria during spermiogenesis in the opossum. Acta Anat., 79, 120–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, D. W. (1972). The mammalian epididymis. In: Reproductive Biology (Ed. H. Balin and S. Glasser ), Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp. 268–337.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, R. G. (1948). Vascular patterns in the testis, with particular reference to Macropus. Nature, 161, 399.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, R. G. (1949). The comparative anatomy of the blood supply of the mammalian testis. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 119, 325–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, R. G. (1951). Applications of microradiography. In: Microarteriography (ed. A. E. Barclay ). Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 89–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, C. G. (1952). Possums, University of Texas Press, Austin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hearn, J. P. (1975). The role of the pituitary in the reproduction of the male tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii. J. Reprod. Fert., 42, 399–402.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heddle, R. M. L. and Guiler, E. R. (1970). The form and function of the testicular rete mirabile of marsupials. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 35, 415–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heller, C. G. and Clermont, Y. (1964). Kinetics of the germinal epithelium in man. Recent Progr. Hormone Res., 20, 545–75.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, J. P. and Hill, W. C. O. (1955). The growth-stages of the pouch-young of the Native Cat (Dasyurus viverrinus) together with observations on the anatomy of the new born young. Trans. Zool. Soc. London. 28, 349–452.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holmes, R. S. (1972). Evolution of lactate dehydrogenase genes. FEBS Lett., 28, 51–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holmes, R. S., Cooper, D. W. and Vanderberg, J. L. (1973). Marsupial and monotreme lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes: phylogeny, ontogeny and homology with eutherian mammals. J. Exp. Zool., 184, 127–48.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Home, E. (1795). Some observations on the mode of generation of the Kanguroo, with a particular description of the organs themselves. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. 85, 221–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Home, E. (1808). As account of some peculiarities in the anatomical structure of the wombat, with observations on the female organs of generation. Phil. Trans. Roy Soc., 98, 304–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howarth, V. S. (1950). Experimental prostatectomy in a marsupial (Trichosurus vulpecula). Med. J. Aust., II 325–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hruban, Z., Martan, J., Slesers, A., Steiner, D. F., Lubran, M. and Rechcigl, M. Jr (1965). Fine structure of the prostatic epithelium of the opossum (Didelphis virginiana Kerr). J. Exp. Zool., 160, 81–106.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huckins, C. (1971). The spermatogonial stem cell population in adult rats. I. Their morphology, proliferation and maturation. Anat. Rec., 169, 533–58.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacks, F. and Setchell, B. P. (1973). A technique for studying the transfer of substances from venous to arterial blood in the spermatic cord of wallabies and rams. J. Physiol. London. 233, 17–18 P.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Jongh, F. H., Hey, A. H. and van der Molen, H. J. (1973). Effect of gonadotrophins on the secretion of oestradiol-17ß and testosterone by the rat testis. J. Endocrinol., 57, 277–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, H. E. (1911). The spermatogenesis of the opossum. (Didelphys virginiana) with special reference to the accessory chromosome and the chondriosomes. Arch. Zellforsch., 7, 41–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jost, A. (1953). Problems of fetal endocrinology: The gonadal and hypophyseal hormones. Recent Progr. Hormone Res., 8, 379–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jost, A., Vigier, B., Prépin, J. and Perchellet, J-P. (1973). Studies on sex differentiation in mammals. Recent Prog. Hormone Res., 29, 1–41.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser, W. (1931). Die Entwicklung des Scrotums bei Didelphis Aurita Wied Morph. Jb, 68, 391–433.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Korff, K. (1902). Zur Histogenese der Spermien von Phalangista vulpina. Arch. Mikrosk. Anat. Entw. Mech., 60, 232–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lacy, D. (1962). Certain aspects of testis structure and function. Brit. Med. Bull., 18, 205–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lacy, D. (1967). The seminiferous tubule in mammals. Endeavour, 26, 101–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ladman, A. J. (1967). Fine structure of the ductuli efferentes of the opossum. Anat. Rec., 157, 559–76

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lipsett, M. B. (1970). Steroid secretion by the human testis. In: The Human Testis (ed. E. Rosemberg and C. A. Paulsen ), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 407–21.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lyne, A. G. and Verhagen, A. M. W. (1957). Growth of the marsupial Trichosurus vulpecula and a comparison with some higher mammals. Growth, 21, 167–95.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCrady, E. (1938). The embryology of the opossum. Am. Anat. Mem., 16, 1–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mackenzie, W. C. and Owen, W. J. (1919). The genito-urinary system in monotremes and marsupials. In: The Comparative Anatomy of Australian Mammals, Part I V, Jenkins, Buxton, Melbourne.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann, T. (1964). The Biochemistry of Semen and of the Male Reproductive Tract, Methuen, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann, T. and Lutwak-Mann, C. (1963). Comparative biochemical aspects of animal reproduction. Bull. Acad. R. Med. Belg., 7e series, 3, 563–97.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marlow, B. J. (1961). Reproductive behaviour of the marsupial mouse Antechinus flavipes (Waterhouse) (Marsupialia) and the development of the pouch young. Aust. J. Zool., 9, 203–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martan, J. and Allen. J. M. (1965). The cytological and chemical organization of the prostatic epithelium of Didelphis virginiana Kerr. J. Exp. Zool., 159, 209–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W. and Jones, R. (1834). Notes on the dissection of Azara’s opossum (Didelphis azarae, Temm). Proc Zool. Soc. London., II, 101–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mason, K. and Blackshaw, A. W. (1973). The spermatogenic cycle of the bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus. J. Reprod. Fert., 32, 307–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maynes, G. M. (1973). Reproduction in the parma wallaby, Macropus parma Waterhouse, Aust. J. Zool., 31, 331–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, C. R. (1941). Embryonic differentiation of opossum prostate following castration and responses of the juvenile gland to hormones. Anat. Rec., 80, 315–27.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, C. R. (1943). Sexual differentation in the opossum after early gonadectomy. J. Exp. Zool., 94, 415–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, C. R. (1950). Studies on sex hormones and sexual differentiation in mammals. Arch. Anat. Microsc. Morphol. Exp., 39, 484–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, C. R. and Morgan, C. F. (1943). First response of developing opossum gonads to equine gonadotrophin treatment. Endocrinology, 32, 17–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morehead, J. R. and Setchell, B. P. Unpublished observations.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mykytowycz, R. and Nay, T. (1964). Studies of the cutaneous glands and hair follicles of some species of Macropodidae. C.S.I.R.O. Wildlife Res., 9, 200–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newsome, A. E. (1965). Reproduction in natural populations of the red kangaroo Megaleia rufa (Desmarest) in Central Australia. Aust. J. Zool., 13, 735–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newsome, A. E. (1973). Cellular degeneration in the testis of red Kangaroos during hot weather and drought in central Australia. J. Reprod. Fert., Suppl., 19, 191–201.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ortavant, R., Orgebin, M. C. and Singh, G. (1962). Etude comparative de la durée des phenoménes spermatogénétiques chez les animeau domestiques. In: Symp. Use Radioisotope Anim. Biol. Med. Sci. Mexico 1961. Academic Press, New York, pp. 321–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Osgood, W. H. (1921). A monographic study of the American marsupial, Caenolestes. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ. 207, Zool. Ser., 14, 1–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oudemans, J. T. (1892). Die Accessorischen Geschlechtsdrüsen der Sailgetiere. Natuur. Verh. Holland Maatsch. Wet. Haarlem, 3 Verg. Deel 5, 2de Stuk, 1–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Owen, R. (1839–47). Marsupialia. In: Cyclopedia of Anatomy and Physiology (ed. R. B. Todd), Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans and Roberts, London, pp. 257–330.

    Google Scholar 

  • Owen, R. (1868). On the Anatomy of Vertebrates, Vol. III, Longmans, Green, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Painter, T. S. (1922). Studies in mammalian spermatogenesis. I. The spermatogenesis of the opossum (Didelphys virginiana).J. Exp. Zool., 35, 13–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pavaux, C. (1962). L’appareil urinaire et genital mâle de Macropus ruficollis Benetti. Mammalia, 26, 72–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, D. M. (1970). Development of spermatozoa in the Wooly Opossum with special reference to the shaping of the sperm head. J. Ultrastruct. Res, 33, 369–380.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pocock, R. 1. (1926). The external characters of Thylacinus, Sarcophilus and some related marsupials. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1926, 1037–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poole, W. E. (1973). A study of breeding in grey Kangaroos, Macropus giganteus Shaw and M. fulginosus (Desmarest) in central New South Wales. Aust. J. Zool., 21, 183–212.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Regaud, C. (1901). Etudes sur la structure des tubes séminifères et sur la sperma-togenèse chez les mammiferes. Arch. Anat. Microscop, 4, 101–155, 291–380.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodger, J. C. and Hughes, R. L. (1973). Studies of the accessory glands of male marsupials. Aust. J. Zool. 21, 303–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodger, J. C. and White, I. G. (1974a). Carbohydrates of the prostate of two Australian marsupials, Trichosurus vulpecula and Megaleia rufa. J. Reprod. Fert., 38, 267–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodger, J. C. and White, I. G. (1974b). Sugars of the accessory sexual secretions of males of marsupial and eutherian species. Proc. Aust. Soc. Reprod. Biol. 6th Annual Conference, Abstract No. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodger, J. C. and White, I. G. (1974c). Free N-acetylglucosamine in marsupial semen. J. Reprod. Fert., 39, 383–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodger, J. C. and White, I. G. (1975). Electroejaculation of Australian marsupials and analysis of the sugars in the seminal plasma from three macropod species. J. Reprod. Fert., 43, 233–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roosen-Runge, E. C. and Giesel, C. 0. (1950). Quantitative studies on spermatogenesis in the albino rat. Am. J. Anat., 17, 1–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rotenberg, D. (1929). Notes on the male generative apparatus of Tarsipes spenserae. J. Roy. Soc. W. Australia, 15, 9–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, D. (1943). Embryonic differentiation of Cowper’s and Bartholin’s glands of the opossum following castration and ovariotomy. J. Exp. Zool., 94, 463–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, D. (1944). The relation of hormones to the development of Cowper’s and Bartholin’s glands in the opossum (Didelphys virginiana). J. Morphol., 74, 213–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sadleir, R. M. F. S. (1965). Reproduction in two species of Kangaroo (Macropus robustus and Megaleia rufa) and in the arid Pilbara region of Western Australia. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 145, 239–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sapsford, C. S. and Rae, C. A. (1969). Ultrastructural studies on Sertoli cells and spermatids in the Bandicoot and ram during the movement of mature spermatids into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule. Aust. J. Zool., 17, 415–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sapsford, C. S., Rae, C. A. and Cleland, K. W. (1967). Ultrastructural studies on spermatids and Sertoli cells during early spermiogenesis in the bandicoot Perameles nasuta Geoffroy (Marsupialia). Aust. J. Zool, 15, 881–909.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sapsford, C. S. Rae, C. A. and Cleland, K. W. (1969a). Ultrastructural studies on maturing spermatids and on Sertoli cells in the bandicoot Perameles nasuta Geoffroy Marsupialia. Aust. J. Zool., 17, 195–292.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sapsford, C. S., Rae, C. A. and Cleland, K. W. (1969b). The fate of residual bodies and degenerating germ cells and the lipid cycle in Sertoli cells in the bandicoot Perameles nasuta Geoffroy (Marsupialia). Aust. J. Zool., 17, 729–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sapsford, C. S., Rae, C. A. and Cleland, K. W. (1970). Ultrastructural studies on the development and form of the principal piece sheath of the bandicoot spermatozoon. Aust. J. Zool., 18, 21–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. (1970a). Testicular blood supply, lymphatic drainage and secretion of fluid. In: The Testis, Vol. 1 (ed. A. D. Johnson, W. R. Gomes, and N. L. Van Demark ), Academic Press, New York, pp. 101–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. (1970b). Fluid secretion by the testes of an Australian marsupial Macropus eugenii. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 36, 411–14.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. (1973). Venous to arterial transfer in the spermatic cord. Res. Reprod., 5 (5), 3–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. (1974). Secretions of the testis and epididymis. J. Reprod. Fert., 37, 165–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. and Carrick, F. N. (1973). Spermatogenesis in some Australian marsupials. Aust. J. Zool., 21, 491–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. and Hinks, N. T. (1969). Absence of countercurrent exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen foils or glucose between the arterial and venous blood in the spermatic cords of rams and two marsupials (Macropus eugenii and Megaleia rufa). J. Reprod. Fert., 20, 179–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. and Hinton, B. T. (1973). Action of gonadotrophins on the testis in mammals. Bibliog. Reprod., 21, 817–26, 959–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. and Thorburn, G. D. (1969). The effect of local heating on blood flow through the testes of some Australian marsupials. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 31, 675–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. and Thorburn, G. D. (1970). The effect of artificial cryptorchidism on the testis and on testicular blood flow in an Australian marsupial, Macropus eugenii. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 38, 705–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P. and Waites, G. M. H. (1969). Pulse attenuation and countercurrent heat exchange in the internal spermatic artery of some Australian marsupials J. Reprod. Fert., 20, 165–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Setchell, B. P., Waites, G. M. H. and Lindner, H. R. (1965). Effect of undernutrition on testicular blood flow and metabolism and the output of testosterone in the ram. J. Reprod. Fert., 9, 149–162.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharman, G. B. (1959a). Marsupial reproduction. Monogr. Biol., 8, 332–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharman, G. B. (1959b). Some effects of X-rays on dividing cells in the testis and bone marrow of the marsupial Potorous tridactylus. Int. J. Rad. Biol., 2, 115–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharman, G. B. (1961). The mitotic chromosomes of marsupials and their bearing on taxonomy and phylogeny. Aust. J. Zool., 9, 38–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharman, G. B. and Calaby, J. H. (1964). Reproductive behaviour in the red kangaroo, Megaleia rufa in captivity. C.S.I.R.O. Wildlife Res., 9: 58–85

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharman, G. B., Frith, H. J. and Calaby, J. H. (1964). Growth of the pouch young, tooth eruption and age determination in the red kangaroo, Megaleia rufa. C.S.I.R.O. Wildlife Res., 9, 20–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharman, G. B. and Pilton, P. E. (1964). The life history and reproduction of the red kangaroo (Melgaeia rufa).Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 142, 29–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharman, G. B., Robinson, E. S., Walton, S. M. and Berger, P. J. (1970). Sex chromosomes and reproductive anatomy of some intersexual marsupials. J. Reprod. Fert., 21. 57–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M. J. Brown, B. K. and Frith, H. J. (1969). Breeding of the brush-tailed possum (Trichosurus vulpecula Kerr) in New South Wales. C.S.I.R.O. Wildlife Res., 14, 181–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. F. C. (1969). Studies on the marsupial glider Schoinobates volans (Kerr) Aust. J. Zool., 17, 625–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberger, E. (1971). The hormonal control of spermatogenesis. Physiol. Rev., 51, 1–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberger, E. and Steinberger, A. (1974). Hormonal control of testicular function. In: Handbook of Physiology, Section 7, Endocrinology, Vol. IV, Part 2 (ed. E. Knobil and W. H. Sawyer ), American Physiological Society, Washington, D.C., pp. 325–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stirling, E. C. (1891). Description of a new genus and species of Marsupialia ’Notoryctes typhlops’. Roy. Soc. S. Australia Trans. Proc. Rep., 14, 254–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, Y. and Eto, T. (1962). Andogens in testicular venous blood in the adult rat. Endocrinol Japon., 9, 277–83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sweet, G. (1897). The skin, hair and reproductive organs of Notoryctes. Quart. J. Microscop. Sci., 51, 325–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swierstra, E. E. (168). Cytology and duration of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium of the boar, duration of spermatozoon transit through the epididymis. Anat. Rec., 161, 272–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tyndale-Biscoe, C. H. (1968). Reproduction and post-natal development in the marsupial Bettongia lesueur (Quoy and Gaimard). Aust. J. Zool., 16, 577–602.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tyson, E. (1704). Carigueya seu marsupiale Americum masculum. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., 24, 1565–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vinson, G. P. and Phillips, J. G. (1969). Formation of testosterone by a special zone in the adrenal cortex of the Brush Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 13, 538–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waites, G. M. H. (1970). Temperature regulation and the testis. In: The Testis, Vol. 1. (ed. A. D. Johnson, W. R. Gomes and N. L. Van Demark ), Academic Press, New York, pp. 241–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waites, G. M. H. and Moule, G. R. (1960). Blood pressure in the internal spermatic artery of the ram. J. Reprod. Fert., 1, 223–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waites, G. M. H., Setchell, B. P. and Quinlan, D. (1973). Effect of local heating of the scrotum, testes and epididymides of rats on cardiac output and regional blood flow. J. Reprod. Fert., 34, 41–49.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkens, H., Regelson, W. and Hoffmeister, F. S. (1962). The physiologic importance of pusatile bloodflow. New Eng. J. Med., 267, 443–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Woolley, P. (1964). Reproduction in Antechinus spp. and other Dasyurid marsupials Symp. Zool. Soc. London, 15, 281–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolley, P. (1975). The seminiferous tubules in Dasyurid marsupials. J. Reprod. Fert., 45, 255–61.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young, A. H. (1879). On the male generative organs of the Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). J. Anat. Physiol., 13, 305–17.

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 1977 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Setchell, B.P. (1977). Reproduction in male marsupials. In: Stonehouse, B., Gilmore, D. (eds) The Biology of Marsupials. Studies in Biology, Economy and Society. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-02721-7_24

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics