Abstract
The recent sharpened awareness of the finite nature of resources of crude oil and other fossil fuels has stressed the urgency of finding alternative supplies of energy. Nuclear sources, together with solar cells, represent very substantial supplies of capital and income energy, respectively, and may well meet most of the demand for electricity generation in the future. In the field of propulsion, nuclear energy is already a feature for marine applications and conductor-fed electricity for the railways, but smaller-scale vehicles and aircraft require portable reactive liquid fuels, that can either augment or replace conventional hydrocarbons. These alternatives may be derivatives of hydrocarbons, bear some relationship to them, or be completely different in structure. A supreme requirement is that such liquids should be in abundant supply or, preferably, derived from a continuously renewable source.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
H. R. Ricardo, Report of the Empire Motor Fuels Committee, Institution of Petroleum Technologists, London (1924) 150–1.
D. B. Brooks, An analysis of the effect of fuel distribution on engine performance,J. Res. natn. Bur. Stand. 36 (1946) 425–39.
Summary report of performance of commercial gasolines blended with ethanol, prepared by Southwest Research Inst., San Antonio, Texas for A.P. I. (1956).
L. C. Lichty and C. W. Phelps, Gasoline-alcohol blends in internal combustion engines, Ind. engng Chem. 30 (1938) 222–30.
G. Egloff and J. C. Morrell, Alcohol-gasoline as motor fuelInd. engng Chem. 28 (1936) 1080.
S. J. W. Pleeth, Alcohol — a Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines, Chapman & Hall, London (1949).
J. W. Hodgson, Alternate fuels for transportation — Part 3: Ammonia for the automobile. Mech. Engng 96 (1974) 22–5.
E. S. Starkman, H. K. Newhall, R. Sutton, T. Macguire and L. Farbar Ammonia as a Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel, S.A.E. 660155 (1966).
I. L. Drell and F. E. Belles Survey of Hydrogen Combustion Properties, NACA R 1383 (1958).
H. C. A. M. Bruning, F. A. Kuypers and J. H. N. Van Vucht, Reversible room-temperature absorption of large quantities of hydrogen by intermetallic compounds. Philips Res. Rep. (1970) 133–40.
K. C. Hoffman, W. E. Winsche, R. H.Wiswall, J. J. Reilly, T. V. Sheehan and C. H. WaideMetal Hydrides as a Source of Fuel for Vehicular Propulsion, S.A.E. 690232 (1969).
W. J. Small, D. E. Fetterman and T. F. Bonner, Alternate fuels for transportation — Part 1: hydrogen for aircraft, Mech. Engng 96 (1974) 18–24
R. O. King, S. V. Hayes, A. B. Allan, R. W. P. Anderson and E. J. Walker, The hydrogen engine: combustion knock and the related flame velocity, Trans. Engng Inst. Can. 2 (1958) 4.
G. A. Karim and M. E. Taylor, Hydrogen as a Fuel and the Feasibility of a Hydrogen-Oxygen Engine, S.A.E. 730089 (1973).
C. Covault, Fuel shortages spur hydrogen interest, Aviat. Week 99 (1973) 38–42.
G. Claxton and F. A. Jackman, Benzoles Production and Uses, The National Benzole and Allied Products Association, London (1961).
E. S. Starkman, Nitroparaffins as engine fuel, Petroleum 22 (1959) 19–22.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1975 E. M. Goodger
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Goodger, E.M. (1975). Alternative Fuels and Direct Conversion. In: Hydrocarbon Fuels. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-02652-4_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-02652-4_12
Publisher Name: Palgrave, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-02654-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-02652-4
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)