Division of Labour (continued)

Abstract

VII. The advantages of local adaptation gives rise to the territorial division of labour — that is to say that kinds of industry tend to locate themselves in difft. parts either of one country or of one nation — in which case we call it inland trade — or between difft. countries =international trade and division of labour. The advantages thus derived are from two distinct sources, first from the material or external characteristics of the place, i.e. soil, climate, mineral wealth, etc., and 2nd. from the character of the people who happen to be upon that spot. It is quite obvious that any industry requiring coal must be set up in a coal district, or a water industry where water is abundant, and so with others of the sort. [We shall come to this again under the subject of natural agents.] And it is sufficiently obvious that there are many things which can only be produced in a particular climate — wine for instance. But then 2ndly the character of the people influences territorial division of labour because there are undoubtedly diffces. of races and civilisation and temperament and “people are the most difficult of all kinds of goods to remove”.¹ The dislike to go amongst difft. manners and customs so great that some nations hardly ever move at all. The French, for instance, don’t emigrate and so of other nations, tho’ it is less true of the English people and Teutons, etc.