Abstract
Fro. the end of the tenth century, ‘ the Exarchate of Ravenna’, which included the whole of Romagna, was within the medieval Empire. At the beginning of the thirteenth century, the papacy attempted to reassert its right to possession of the province, but only with the conflict of Frederick II and Gregory IX, did its claims take on any immediacy. Every town and noble in the province was then faced with the problem of allegiance: to pope or emperor, to Guelf or Ghibelline.
Dentro a questi termin., idest praedictos confines, è ripieno di venenosi sterp., scilicet tyrannis parvis et magnis vere pestiferis.
Benvenut. D. Imol. 1
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Notes
Cantinelli, 4; Fantuzzi, III, 81–2; L. Simeoni, ‘Federico II all’ assedio di Faenza’, AM., III, 1938;
G. Rossini, ‘Federico II e T assedio di Faenza’, AM., VI, 1941.
Infern., XXVII, 49–50; see Benvenuto, II, 311. Similarly Matteo Visconti acted as Ghibelline in Lombardy and Guelf in Emilia; V. Vitale, Il dominio della Parte Guelfa in Bologn., Bologna, 1901, 69.
Bartolus de Saxoferrato, ‘Tractatus de Guelphis et Gebellinis’, in Consilia, Quaestiones et Tractatu., Venice, 1565, X, 151–2.
There is an English translation of the ‘De Guelphis’ and of ‘De Tyrannia’ in E. Emerton, Humanism and Tyrann., Cambridge, Mass., 1925.
Cantinelli, 22–3; Salimbene, 183; E. Jordan, Les Origines de la domination angevine en Itali., Paris, 1909, 36.
For the ambiguities on the question of Romagna in 1275, see L. Gatto, Il pontificato di Gregorio X. Rome, 1959, chapter vi.
On the hegemony of Bologna; A. Hessel, Geschichte der Stadt Bologna, 1116–128., Berlin, 1910, 230–68, 479–95; Cantinelli, 6; Corp. Chron. Bon.. II, 136, 139.
A. Massera, ‘Il Serventese Romagnolo del 1277’, ASI. 1914, Vol. I, 7.
Cortini, Castel del Ri., 197. For the church of San Martino of Faenza, ‘ob bella derelicta’; Ad scriptores rerum italicarum cl. Muratori Accessiones Historicae Faventina., ed. J. Mittarelli, Venice, 1771 (henceforth cited as Mittarelli), 506.
S. Chiaramonte, Caesenae Urbis Historiaru., Cesena, 1641, reprinted in Graevius, VII, pt. II, 192.
AS. Ravenna, S. Vitale, Vol. 616, transunt., 12 January 1362.
G. Franceschini, ‘Un caduto del “ Sanguinoso Mucchio ”, il conte Taddeo di Montefeltro’, SR. VII, 1956, 48–9.
Ficker, IV, 422–4; G. Saivioli, Annali bolognes., Bassano, 1795, III/I, 218; 111/2, 271–3; Cantinelli, 7, 18; Corp. Chron. Bon., II, 160–1; Anon, (in fact by Alberghetti, though sometimes catalogued inaccurately under Benacci), Storia di Imol., Imola, 180, 172–3.
Dante Alighieri, Il convivi., ed. M. Barbi, Florence, 1954, IV, XXVIII.
Infern., XXVII, 76–8. R. Honig, Guido da Montefeltr., Bologna, 1901, argues persuasively for his innocence of the crimes which Dante and others have attributed to him.
See too, F. d’Ovidio, Studii sulla Divina Comedi., Milan, 1901, 27–75, 534–45,
G. Golubovich, ‘Una pagina dantesca: notizie sul conte Frate Guido da Montefeltro’, AFH. III, 1910, 214–30.
A. Tarlazzi, ‘Riscontri critichi tra la Cronica di Fra Salimbene e gli storichi di Ravenna intorno alla decedenza della famiglia dei Traversari’ AMR. I, 1869, 37;
G. Levi in A.M. Modenesi e Parmens., 3, IV, 1886, 459–71.
Fantuzzi, III, 87, 89, Rubeus, 405–6, 431, 453, giving date 1275; A. Torre, ‘La pace di Romagna del 1253’, AMR. 1951–3, I, 165–80; Ricobaldus de Ferrara, Pomerium Ravennatis Ecclesi., RIS, IX, 141; idem, Historia Imperatoru., RIS, IX, 251; idem, Compilatio Cronologic., RIS, IX, 251; Annales Ravennat., RIS, 1, 2, 579; Corp. Chron. Bon. (Varignana), II, 192, giving date as 1275; ibid. (Rampona), II, 194, giving date as 1276. Guido di Lamberto, with Iacopo de’ Corradini, is recorded as one of the two ‘consules et rectores’ of Ravenna in 1275; Fantuzzi, III, 119.
L. Tonini, Memorie storiche intorno a Francesca da Rimini.Rimini, 1870.
Giovanni Boccaccio, Il commento alla Divina Comedi., ed. D. Guerri, Bari, 1918, II, 137–8.
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© 1965 John Larner
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Larner, J. (1965). The Origins of Party Conflict. In: The Lords of Romagna. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-00589-5_2
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