The Dynamics of a Terrorist Targeting Process: Anders B. Breivik and the 22 July Attacks in Norway pp 87-107 | Cite as
Breivik in a Comparative Perspective
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Abstract
Breivik was a unique solo terrorist in some ways, but also average in some other respects. To clarify the distinctions and similarities between Breivik and other solo terrorists, a comparative assessment is conducted. After a definitional elaboration, the chapter provides comparisons in a number of areas. The challenges with regard to detection and the limitations of the intelligence driven approach is also addressed.
Keywords
creativity definitions detection innovation intelligence lethality lone wolf mass casualty resilience societal security solo terrorist strategy weaponsPreview
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Notes
- 1.For books covering solo terrorist or lone actor terrorism see Spaaij, R. (2012). Understanding Lone Wolf Terrorism. London: Springer;CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Simon, J.D. (2013). Lone Wolf Terrorism: Understanding the Growing Threat. Prometheus books;Google Scholar
- Gill, P. (2015). Lone-Actor terrorists. A Behavioural Analysis. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
- 2.This is extensively covered in Schmid, A.P. (ed. 2011). The Routledge Handbook of Terrorism Research. S.39 and Appendix 2. 1. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
- See also English, R. (2009). Terrorism-How to Respond. Oxford: Oxford University Press;Google Scholar
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- 4.Daily Mail (2013). Terrifying bomb arsenal of the would be Breivik who “killed his own mother when she found out about plan to blow up Polish parliament”.Google Scholar
- 10.Der Spiegel (2011). Attentat in Norwegen: Verfassungsschutz warnt vor Breivik Nachahmern.Google Scholar
- 18.Der Spiegel (2006). Karikaturen-Streit: Pakistaner verbrennen deutsche Flagge.Google Scholar
- 20.Dansk Radio (2014). Fakta: Det ved vi om Lars Hedegaards formodede attentatmand.Google Scholar
- 21.BBC News (2013). Mosque bomber Pavlo Lapshyn given life for murder.Google Scholar
- 28.On this subject in general, see also Wilkinson, Paul (ed. 1993). Technology and Terrorism. London: Frank Cass;Google Scholar
- Ranstorp, M. & Normark, M. (2015). Understanding Terrorism Innovation and Learning. Oxon: Routledge.Google Scholar
- 36.Astrup, S. & Herschend, S.S. (2012) Ny anklage: Tiltalte planlagde juleterror. Politiken.Google Scholar
- 40.DR (2014). Fakta: Det ved vi om Lars Hedegaards formodede attentatmand.Google Scholar
- 41.Jyllands-posten (2015). Fakta: Det ved vi nu om skyderierne i København.Google Scholar
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© Cato Hemmingby and Tore Bjørgo 2016