Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Gender Equality in the Regional Development Discourse — Only Rhetoric Modernisation? Austrian Experiences

  • Chapter
Women and Migration in Rural Europe

Part of the book series: New Geographies of Europe ((NGE))

Abstract

Gender equality is rarely present in regional development discourse in many European Union member states. Regional policy and rural development policy are still perceived by many stakeholders — politicians, programme developers, civil servants, local and regional actors — as gender neutral policy fields without impact on gender inequalities in society. Nevertheless, in political practice it is obvious that programmes and measures often reproduce significant levels of gender inequality (European Parliament 2007, Squires 2007). The commitment to the implementation of gender equality in the Structural Funds and Rural Development Programmes of the European Union since the early 1990s stands in stark contrast to the gender-specific outcomes. In regional development discourse gender equality 1 and the strategy of gender mainstreaming 2 are often no more than rhetorical references rather than an integral part of programmes (PPMI 2009, Oedl-Wieser 2015, Bock 2015). With regard to the manifold structural problems in rural areas throughout the European Union — limited added value, low employment rates, poor standards of social infrastructure and widespread demographic decline — it appears essential that regional policy and rural development policy engage in an integrative approach. Policy makers cannot continue building almost exclusively on sector wide policies and have to consider other economic, social, cultural and environmental aspects, reflecting the diversity in rural society.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abels, G. (2011), Gender Equality Policy, in H. Heinelt and M. Knodt (eds), Policies within the EU Multi-Level System. Instruments and Strategies of European Governance (Baden-Baden: Nomos), 325–348.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abels, G. and Mushaben, J. M. (eds) (2012), Gendering the European Union. Houndmills, Basingstoke (Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan).

    Google Scholar 

  • Aufhauser, E., Herzog, S., Hinterleitner, V., Oedl-Wieser, T. and Reisinger, E. (2003a), Grundlagen für eine Gleichstellungsorientierte Regionalentwicklung. Hauptband. Studie im Auftrag des Bundeskanzleramtes, Abteilung IV/4 (Wien).

    Google Scholar 

  • Aufhauser, E., Herzog, S., Hinterleitner, V., Oedl-Wieser, T. and Reisinger, E. (2003b), Principles for a gender-sensitive regional development. Summary. Studie im Auftrag des Bundeskanzleramtes, Abteilung IV/4 (Wien).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bacci, C. and Joan, E. (2010), Mainstreaming Politics: Gendering Practises and Feminist Theory. (Adelaide: University of Adelaide Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Banyard, K. (2010), The Equality Illusion. The Truth about Women and Men Today. (London: Faber and Faber).

    Google Scholar 

  • Benschop, Y. and Verloo, M. (2006), Sisyphus’ Sisters: Can Gender Mainstreaming Escape the Genderedness of Organizations? Journal of Gender Studies, 15/1, 19–33. DOI: 10.1080/09589230500486884

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • BKA (Bundeskanzleramt) (2010), Frauenbericht 2010. Bericht betreffend die Situation von Frauen in Österreich im Zeitraum von 1998 bis 2008 (Wien).

    Google Scholar 

  • BMLFUW (Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft) (2013), Grüner Bericht. Bericht über die Lage der Landwirtschaft (Wien).

    Google Scholar 

  • BMLFUW (Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft) (2014), Entwurf für das Programm für ländliche Entwicklung in Österreich 2014–2020. Final draft 08.04.2014 (Wien).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bock, B. B. (2015), Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Development Policy: The Trivialisation of Rural Gender Issues, Gender, Place and Culture, 22(5), 731–745.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bock, B. B. and Derkzen, P. (2008), Barriers to Women’s Participation in Rural Policy Making, in I. Asztalos Morell and B.B. Bock (eds), Gender Regimes, Citizen Participation and Rural Restructuring. (Amsterdam: Elsevier), 263–282.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bock, B. B. (2010) Personal and Social Development of Women in Rural Areas of Europe. Study Commissioned by the European Parliament (Brussels).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cordes, M. (2010), Gleichstellungspolitiken: Von der Frauenförderung zum Gender Mainstreaming, in R. Becker and B. Kortendiek (eds), Handbuch Frauen-und Geschlechterforschung (Wiesbaden: Springer), 924–933.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Council of Europe (1998), Gender Mainstreaming. Conceptual Framework, Methodology and Presentation of Good Practices. Strasbourg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Damyanovic, D. and Wotha, B. (2010), Die Bedeutung von Geschlecht im Veränderungsprozess Ländlicher Räume, in S. Bauriedl, M. Schier and A. Strüver (eds), Geschlechterverhältnisse, Raumstrukturen, Ortsbeziehungen. Erkundungen von Vielfalt und Differenz im spatial turn (Münster: Verlag Westfälisches Dampfboot), 75–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dax, T., Favry, E., Fidlschuster, L., Oedl-Wieser, T., and Pfefferkorn, W. (2009), Neue Handlungsmöglichkeiten für periphere ländliche Räume. Stärkung der sozialen Vielfalt. Ausbau der interkommunalen Zusammenarbeit, Gestaltung der Landschaftsvielfalt (ÖROK-Schriftenreihe Nr. 181. Wien: Österreichische Raumordnungskonferenz).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dax, T., Oedl-Wieser, T. and Strahl, W. (2011), ,Halbzeitbewertung der Leader-Maßnahmen — Österreichisches Programm für die Entwicklung des Ländlichen Raums 2007–2013. Facts & Features Nr. 47 (Wien: Bundesanstalt für Bergbauernfragen).

    Google Scholar 

  • ECORYS (2010), Study on Employment, Growth and Innovation in Rural Areas (SEGIRA). Annex — Rural Development Policy on Women and Young People. (Rotterdam).

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission (1996), Incorporating Equal Opportunities for Women and Men into All Community Policies and Activities. COM(96) 67 final.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission (2002), Implementation of Gender Mainstreaming in the Structural Funds Programming Documents 2000–2006, COM (2002) 748 final.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission (2011), Gender equality in the European Union. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. DOI:10.2838/76728

    Google Scholar 

  • European Parliament (2007), Gender Mainstreaming in the Use of Structural Funding. Study. (Bruxelles).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frauen:Fachakademie Schloss Mondsee, Netzwerk Land/ÖAR (2014), Sinn.Voll und Erfolg-Reich. Lehrgangsmagazin 2013 (Wien).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hafner-Burton, E. M. and Pollack, M. A. (2009), Mainstreaming Gender in the European Union: Getting the Incentives Right, Comparative European Politics, 2009 (7), 114–138. DOI:10.1057/cep.2008.37

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, O. and Little, J. (2000), Rural Challenge(s): Partnership and New Rural Governance. Journal of Rural Studies, 16, 171–183. pii/S0743016799000583.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kantola, J. (2010), Gender and the European Union (Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan).

    Google Scholar 

  • Knapp, G.-A. (2013), Für einen Weltbegriff feministischer Kritik. Feministische Studien 1, 105–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krook, M. and Mackay, F. (2011), Introduction: Gender, Politics and Institutions, in M. L. Krook and F. Mackay (eds), Gender, Politics and Institutions. towards a Feminist Institutionalism. (Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hamphire: Palgrave Macmillan), 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larcher, M., Oedl-Wieser, T., Schmitt, M., and Seiser, G. (eds) (2014), Frauen am Land. Potentiale und Perspektiven (Innsbruck: Studienverlag).

    Google Scholar 

  • Leibert, T. and Wiest, K. (2014), Abwandern, Zurückkehren, Bleiben? Wandungsentscheidungen junger Frauen in strukturschwachen ländlichen Räumen: Sachsen-Anhalt im Fokus, in Larcher, M., Oedl-Wieser, T., Schmitt, M. and G. Seiser (eds), Frauen am Land. Potentiale und Perspektiven (Innsbruck: Studienverlag), 26–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Löfström, Å. (2009), Gender Equality, Economic Growth and Employment. (Stockholm).

    Google Scholar 

  • Marchner, G. and Pircher, E. (2010), Evaluierung des Programms LE 0713 für den Bereich Chancengleichheit, Frauen und Jugendliche (Salzburg). 7–13, http://www.lebensministerium.at/land/laendl_Entwicklung/evaluierung/le_studien/chancen.html (accessed 20 November 2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Matysiaka, I. (2015), The Feminization of Governance in Rural Communities in Poland: The Case of Village Representatives (sołtys). Gender, Place and Culture, 22(5), 700–716.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Netzwerk Land and ÖAR (2013), Gesellschaftliche Vielfalt am Land. Beispielhafte Projekte zur Förderung von Chancengleichheit im Programm LE07-13 (Wien).

    Google Scholar 

  • Oedl-Wieser, T. (2004), Chancengleichheit im Rahmen des Österreichischen Programms für die Entwicklung des ländlichen Raumes. Mit Term Evaluierung 2003. Facts & Feature 28 (Wien: Bundesanstalt für Bergbauernfragen).

    Google Scholar 

  • Oedl-Wieser, T. (2008), Einziehen — einmischen — mitmischen. Leader ‘neu’ — Impulse für mehr Geschlechterdemokratie. zoll+. Nr. 12, Juni 2008, 16–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oedl-Wieser, T. (2010), Soziale Vielfalt — Stärke der ländlichen Entwicklung? Analyse und Diskussion am Beispiel ‚Leader‛ in Österreich, in J. Hambrusch, M. Larcher and T. Oedl-Wieser (eds), Jahrbuch der ÖGA Band 19(1) (Wien:Facultas Verlag), 31–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oedl-Wieser, T. (2011), Umsetzung von Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern in den Ländlichen Entwicklungsprogrammen in Österreich. Facts & Feature 48. (Wien: Bundesanstalt für Bergbauernfragen). http://www.berggebiete.at/cm3/de/publikationen/facts-and-features.html.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oedl-Wieser, T. (2012), Geschlechtergleichstellung in der Ländlichen Entwicklung in Österreich — randständig oder transformativ?, in YSA 2012, 201–222.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oedl-Wieser, T. (2013), Gendered Impact of Regional Governance in Austria — An Assessment of Structural and Rural Development Policy. Paper presented at the 3rd European Conference on Politics and Gender (ECPG), 21–23. March 2013 at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spanien. 14 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oedl-Wieser, T. (2015), Gender Equality: A Core Dimension in Rural Development Programmes in Austria? Gender, Place and Culture, 22(5), 685–699.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oedl-Wieser, T., Gmeiner, P. and Machold, I. (2012), Politische Mitbestimmung von Frauen in ländlichen Regionen Österreichs. Fact Sheet. (Wien: Bundesanstalt für Bergbauernfragen).

    Google Scholar 

  • ÖROK (Österreichische Raumordnungskonferenz) (2014) STRAT.AT 2020 Partnerschaftsvereinbarung Österreich 2014–2020. Teil 1 — Kapitel 1 und 2. Fassung vom 2. April 2014(Wien).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pini, B. (2006), A Critique of ‚New‛ Rural Local Governance: The Case of Gender in a Rural Australian Setting. Journal of Rural Studies, 22, 396–408. DOI: 0.1016/j.jrurstud.2006.02.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pollermann, K., Raue, P. and Schnaut, G. (2012), Partizipation im ländlichen Raum: das Beispiel LEADER. Raumplanung, 160, 41–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Public Policy and Management Institute (PPMI) (2009), Study on the Translation of Article 16 of Regulation (EC) Nr. 1083/2006 On the Promotion of Gender Equality, Non-Discrimination and Accessibility for Disabled Persons, into Cohesion Policy Programmes 2007–2013 Co-Financed by the ERDF and the Cohesion Fund. Final report (Brussels).

    Google Scholar 

  • Prügl, E. (2010), Feminism and the Postmodern State: Gender Mainstreaming in European Rural Development, Signs. Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 35(2), 447–475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rees, T. (2005), Reflections on the Uneven Development of Gender Mainstreaming in Europe. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 7(4), 555–574. DOI:10.1080/14616740500284532

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sauer, B. (2005), Geschlechterkritischer Institutionalismus — ein Beitrag zur politikwissenschaftlichen Policy-Forschung, in U. Behning and B. Sauer (eds), Was bewirkt Gender Mainstreaming? Evaluierung durch Policy-Analysen (Wien — Frankfurt am Main: Campus), 85–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, M., Seiser, G., Oedl-Wieser, T. and Larcher, M. (2014), Land_Frauen_Leben — Vielfalt im Fokus, in M. Larcher, T. Oedl-Wieser, M. Schmitt and G. Seiser (eds) Frauen am Land. Potentiale und Perspektiven (Innsbruck: Studienverlag), 7–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schratzenstaller, M. (2010), Salzburger Leitbild für Chancengleichheit von Frauen und Männern, in Amt der Salzburger Landesregierung (eds), Chancengleichheit als Standortfaktor (Salzburg), 13–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sempic, J., Hine, R. and Wilcox, D. (2010), Green Care: A Conceptual Framework. COST 866.

    Google Scholar 

  • Squires, J. (2007), The New Politics of Gender Equality (Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stiegler, B. (2005), Die Kontroversen um Gender Mainstreaming, in Behning, U. and Sauer, B. (eds) Was bewirkt Gender Mainstreaming? Evaluierung durch Policy-Analysen (Wien, Frankfurt am Main: Campus), 29–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stratigaki, M. (2005), Gender Mainstreaming Vs Positive Action. an Ongoing Conflict in EU Gender Equality Policy. European Journal of Women’s Studies, 12/2, 165–186. DOI: 10.1177/1350506805051236

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thuesen, A. A. (2010), Is LEADER elitist or inclusive? Composition of Danish LAG Boards in the 2007–2013 Rural Development and Fisheries Programmes. Sociologia Ruralis, 50, 31–45. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9523.2009.00500.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verloo, M, and Lombardo, E (2007), Contested Gender Equality and Policy Variety in Europe: Introducing a Critical Frame Analysis Approach, in M. Verloo (eds), Multiple Meanings of Gender Equality (Budapest, New York: CEU Press), 21–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wetterer, A. (2003a), Gender Mainstreaming & Managing Diversity. Rhetorische Modernisierung oder Paradigmenwechsel in der Gleichstellungspolitik. die hochschule 2/2003, 6–27. http://ids.hof.uni-halle.de/documents/t984.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Wetterer, A. (2003b), Rhetorische Modernisierung: Das Verschwinden der Ungleichheit aus dem zeitgenössischen Differenzwissen, in G.-A. Knapp and A. Wetterer (eds), Achsen der Differenz. Gesellschaftstheorie und feministische Kritik II (Münster: Westfälisches Dampfboot), 287–319.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodward, A. (2004), Building Velvet Triangles: Gender and Informal Governance, in S. Piattoni and T. Christiansen (eds), Informal Governance and the European Union. (Celtenham, Northhampton: Edwin Elgar), 76–90.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Theresia Oedl-Wieser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Leibniz Institute for Regional Geography, Germany

    Karin Wiest

Copyright information

© 2016 Theresia Oedl-Wieser

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Oedl-Wieser, T. (2016). Gender Equality in the Regional Development Discourse — Only Rhetoric Modernisation? Austrian Experiences. In: Wiest, K. (eds) Women and Migration in Rural Europe. New Geographies of Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-48304-1_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-48304-1_12

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-349-58076-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-137-48304-1

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation