Abstract
Killing Sitting Bull did not stop trouble on the Sioux reservations; instead, it proved to be only a prelude to greater tragedy. Two weeks later, amid continuing tensions occasioned by the spread of the Ghost Dance religion, soldiers of the Seventh Cavalry slaughtered some two hundred Miniconjou people at Wounded Knee. The event marked the end of the armed conflict between Plains Indians and the United States Army and came to symbolize the end of a way of life.
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Notes
John G. Neihardt, Black Elk Speaks: Being the Life Story of a Holy Man of the Oglala Sioux (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1988 ed.), 249.
The classic study of the movement, conducted immediately after the Wounded Knee massacre, is James Mooney, “The Ghost-Dance Religion and the Sioux Outbreak of 1890,” 14th Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1892–93, part 2 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1896).
See also Raymond J. DeMallie, “The Lakota Ghost Dance: An Ethnohistorical Account,” Pacific Historical Review 51 (1982), 385–405.
Short Bull’s quote is from James R. Walker, Lakota Belief and Ritual, ed. Raymond J. DeMallie and Elaine A. Jahner (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1980), 141.
Evan M. Maurer, et al., Visions of the People: A Pictorial History of Plains Indian Life (Minneapolis: Institute of Arts, 1992), 168.
See, for example, “Porcupine’s Account of the Messiah,” in Mooney, “The Ghost-Dance Religion,” 793–96; One Bull’s account in James McLaughlin, My Friend the Indian (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910), 185–89.
Robert M. Utley, The Indian Frontier of the American West, 1846–1890 (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1984), 254.
Charles Eastman, From the Deep Woods to Civilization: Chapters in the Autobiography of an Indian (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1977 ed.), 110–14.
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© 1996 BEDFORD BOOKS of St. Martin’s Press
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Calloway, C.G. (1996). Killing the Dream. In: Calloway, C.G. (eds) Our Hearts Fell to the Ground. The Bedford Series in History and Culture. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-07646-5_15
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