Abstract
“The principle of the sovereignty of the people is at the base of all forms of government and it hides under the least free of institutions.”(A. de Tocqueville, Recollections)
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Notes
J.P. Mayer and S.P. Kerr (eds), trans. George Lawrence, New York: Doubleday, 1971, p. 296.
Aristide Zolberg, “The Structure of Political Conflict in the New States of Tropical Africa”, American Political Science Review, 62, 1 (1968), pp. 70–87.
S. Huntington, The Clash of Civilisations and the Remaking of the World Order, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996.
C. Geertz, Islam Observed: Religious Development in Morocco and Indonesia, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1968.
Jean-Louis Triaud, La Légende Moire de la Sanusiyya. Une confrérie musulmane saharienne sous le regardfrançais, Paris: Eds de la Maison des Sciences de l’Homme, 1995
J.S. Trimingham, The Influence of Islam upon Africa, 2nd edn (London: Longman, 1980), p. 142.
D. Westerlund and E.E. Rosander (eds), African Islam and Islam in Africa. Encounters between Stifts and Islamists, London: Hurst/Nordic Africa Institute, 1997.
See L. Brenner (ed.), Muslim Identity and Social Change in Sub-Saharan Africa, London: Hurst, 1993.
The Mali situation is updated and closely analysed in L. Brenner, Controlling Knowledge: Religion, Power, and Schooling in a West African Muslim Society, London: Hurst, 2000.
The long historical tradition of cohabitation between Muslims and secular political power in the Middle East and elsewhere, is discussed in S. Zubaida, Islam, the People and the State, London: Routledge, 1989.
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© 2003 Donal B. Cruise O’Brien
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O’Brien, D.B.C. (2003). Wails and Whispers. In: Symbolic Confrontations. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-05532-3_9
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