Abstract
The task of drawing conclusions from the seven case studies presented in this volume is a daunting one. Although an effort has been made to supplement these cases with additional examples of executive-congressional relations and the arms control treaty ratification process, the total number of cases remains small, reflecting the comparatively few instances in which such treaties have been presented to the U.S. Senate for that body’s advice and consent.
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Notes
U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, The SALT II Treaty, Hearings, 96th Cong., 1st sess., 1979, pt. 1, 374.
Will Brownell and Richard N. Billings, So Close to Greatness: A Biography of William C. Bullitt (New York: Macmillan Co., 1987), 94.
Hughes proposed the scrapping of almost 2,000,000 tons of naval combatants in existence or under construction. The Five-Power Naval Treaty scrapped 1,716,000 tons. Richard Dean Burns and Donald Urquidi, Disarmament in Perspective: An Analysis of Selected Arms Control and Disarmament Agreements Between the World Wars, 1919–1939, vol. 3 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 1968), 30.
For a more complete discussion of linkage, see Kiron D. Skinner, “Linkage,” in Superpower Arms Control: Setting the Record Straight, ed. Albert Carnesale and Richard N. Haass (Cambridge, Mass.: Ballinger, 1987), 275–302.
U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, The SALT II Treaty, Report, 96th Cong., 1st sess., 1979, 491.
Henry Cabot Lodge, The Senate and the League of Nations (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1925), 147.
Gerard C. Smith, “There Is No Other Way” Arms Control Today 11, no. 1 (January 1981): 5.
See Glenn T. Seaborg with the assistance of Benjamin S. Loeb, Kennedy, Khrushchev and the Test Ban (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981), 227.
U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Strategic Arms Limitation Agreements, Hearings, 92d Cong., 2d sess., 1972, 1.
W. Stull Holt, Treaties Defeated by the Senate (Baltimore, Md.: The John’s Hopkins University Press, 1933), 154.
William C. Widenor, Henry Cabot Lodge and the Search for an American Foreign Policy (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980), 305.
Ralph Stone, The Irreconcilables: The Fight Against the League of Nations (1970; reprint, New York: W. W. Norton and Co., 1973), 183.
U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Hearings, 88th Cong., 1st sess., August 12–27, 1963, 418.
Gerald R. Ford, A Time to Heal: The Autobiography of Gerald R. Ford (New York: Harper & Row, 1979), 357.
U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Naval Affairs, London Naval Treaty of 1930, Hearings, 71st Cong., 2d sess., May 1930, 54.
John Chalmers Vinson, The Parchment Peace, The United States Senate and the Washington Conference, 1921–1922 (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1955), 40.
For an elaboration of this theme, see George D. Moffett III, The Limits of Victory: The Ratification of the Panama Canal Treaties (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1985).
U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Armed Services, Military Implications of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, 91st Cong., 1st sess., 1969, 14.
Robert Lansing, The Peace Negotiations: A Personal Narrative (Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1921).
Henry Kissinger, White House Years (Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown & Co., 1979), 540.
William G. Hyland, Mortal Rivals: Superpower Relations from Nixon to Reagan (New York: Random House, 1987), 43.
Vance, Hard Choices: Critical Years in America’s Foreign Policy (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983), 58.
Thomas H. Buckley, The United States and the Washington Conference, 1921–1922 (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1970), 172.
Kissinger continued this practice after the salt i accords as well. From 1973 to 1976 he evaded requests to discuss in detail the salt ii negotiations. See Alan Platt, The U.S. Senate and Strategic Arms Policy, 1967–1977 (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1978), 56.
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© 1991 Henry L. Stimson Center
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Krepon, M. (1991). Conclusions. In: Krepon, M., Caldwell, D. (eds) The Politics of Arms Control Treaty Ratification. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-04534-8_9
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