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Role of the Choroid Plexus in Health and Disease pp 1–33Cite as

Structure of the Mammalian Choroid Plexus

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Part of the book series: Physiology in Health and Disease ((PIHD))

Abstract

The human choroid plexus (CP) is a highly vascularized epithelial structure, weighing approximately 1 g and residing inside the brain ventricles. The CP secretes the majority of the daily production of 500 ml cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with a transport rate, which is unsurpassed by other human epithelia. The CP is a key structure for (1) providing the CSF for buoyancy decreasing the effective weight of the brain from 1.5 kg to only 50 g, (2) delivering local mediators and hormones to the brain parenchyma via the CSF, (3) maintaining a suitable ionic microenvironment, and (4) forming a barrier against toxins, drugs, microorganisms, and immune cells. Choroid plexus dysfunctions are described in a wide range of clinical conditions such as aging, Alzheimer’s disease, brain edema, stroke, neoplasms, and several types of hydrocephalus. Knowledge on the structure and ultrastructure of the choroid plexus is essential for generating hypotheses on the mechanisms involved in the normal function of the CP and in diseases and conditions with deranged CSF secretion, in inflammation, or in drug delivery.

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  1. Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Helle Damkier & Jeppe Praetorius

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  1. Helle Damkier
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Correspondence to Helle Damkier .

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  1. Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Jeppe Praetorius

  2. Department of Biology, Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Bonnie Blazer-Yost

  3. Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Helle Damkier

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Damkier, H., Praetorius, J. (2020). Structure of the Mammalian Choroid Plexus. In: Praetorius, J., Blazer-Yost, B., Damkier, H. (eds) Role of the Choroid Plexus in Health and Disease. Physiology in Health and Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0536-3_1

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