Abstract
The stethoscope is a symbol that has universally represented the physician for centuries. It is a tool that embodies what “doctoring” has been perceived to be by many. The auscultation of the heart and its components, in conjunction with the other portions of the physical exam, allows us to integrate the data obtained from each sense. Compilation of this data yields a working diagnosis and ultimately, a plan of care. As medicine has been infused with complicated, advanced, and often expensive testing, the stethoscope has remained a simple and effective device. In the right hands, it yields vast amounts of information regarding myocardial, pericardial, vascular, and valvular function. It is worn with pride by caregivers as a constant, connecting the plight of the past with successes of today.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Laennec RTH. De l’auscultation médiate ou traité du diagnostic des maladies des poumons et du coeur. Paris: Brosson & Chaudé; 1819 (The complete title of this book, often referred to as the ‘Treatise’ is De l’Auscultation Médiate ou Traité du Diagnostic des Maladies des Poumons et du Coeur (On Mediate Auscultation or Treatise on the Diagnosis of the Diseases of the Lungs and Heart)).
Perloff JK. The clinical recognition of congenital heart disease. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders; 1994. p. 157–214.
Roldan CA, Bruce KS, Crawford H. Value of the cardiovascular physical examination for detecting valvular heart disease in asymptomatic subjects. Am J Cardiol. 1996;77:1327–31.
Bickley LS. Bates’ guide to physical examination and history taking. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Williams; 2009. p. 362–6.
Siverman ME, Wooley CF. Samuel A. Levine and the history of grading systolic murmurs. Am J Cardiol. 2008;102:1187.
Etchells E, Bell C, Robb K. Does this patient have systolic murmur ? Abnormal. JAMA. 1997;277(7):564–71.
Grewe K, Crawford MH, O’Rourke RA. Differentiation of cardiac murmurs by dynamic auscultation. Curr Probl Cardiol. 1988;13:669–721.
Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DL. Heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2007. p. 1638–39.
Perloff JK. Physical examination of the heart and circulation. Shelton: People’s Medical Publishing House; 2009, Chapter 6, p. 210.
Dock W, Zoneraich S. A diastolic murmur arising in a stenosed coronary artery. Am J Med. 1967;42(4):617–9.
Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DL. Braundwald’s Heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2007. p. 136.
ACC/AHA Guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease. Am J Cardiol. 2006; 28(3):e9–11.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag London Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pedulla, A.J., Henry, B. (2012). New Murmur. In: Bisognano, J., Beck, R., Connell, R. (eds) Manual of Outpatient Cardiology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-944-4_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-944-4_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-85729-943-7
Online ISBN: 978-0-85729-944-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)