Abstract
Abnormal flexion posture of the PIP joint that is often present in all toes. Frequently caused by neuromuscular diseases.
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Bayod J, Losa-Iglesias M, de Bengoa-Vallejo RB, Prados-Frutos JC, Jules KT, Doblaré M. Advantages and drawbacks of proximal interphalangeal joint fusion versus flexor tendon transfer in the correction of hammer and claw toe deformity. A finite-element study. J Biomech Eng. 2010;132(5):051002.
Schrier JC, Verheyen CC, Louwerens JW. Definitions of hammer toe and claw toe: an evaluation of the literature. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2009;99(3):194–7.
Saltzman CL, Johnson KA, Donnelly RE. Surgical treatment for mild deformities of the rheumatoid forefoot by partial phalangectomy and syndactylization. Foot Ankle. 1993;14(6):325–9.
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© 2011 Springer-Verlag London Limited
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Giannoudis, P.V., Karadimas, E.J. (2011). Claw/Hammer Toe Repair. In: Giannoudis, P. (eds) Practical Procedures in Elective Orthopaedic Surgery. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-814-0_40
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-814-0_40
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