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Main Purification Operations

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Syngas from Waste

Part of the book series: Green Energy and Technology ((GREEN))

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Abstract

Syngas final usage requires a previous step of cleaning and conditioning to meet with the requirements of its final use which might range from chemicals and fuels production to power and/or heat. This chapter deals with the description and the modelling of the required syngas treatment units before electricity production or before hydrogen generation, specifically in an IGCC power plant. In the case of electricity generation application, the pursued objective is to avoid as much as possible nitrogen and sulphur oxide emissions to the atmosphere. In a first step, the gas is cleaned from solids. Secondly the gas before its combustion goes through an acid and basic species removal train of units. In the case of hydrogen generation, besides syngas cleaning from other species, the main pursued objective is to separate CO from H2. In order to accomplish the former, CO should be converted into CO2 and then separated from the main stream. Hydrogen can be further purified to be sold to the market, or used in a combined cycle, in an analogous way as the syngas. Modelling calibration and validation are shown, and the chapter finishes with a model utilisation to evaluate the behaviour of the already built up superstructure to produce hydrogen or syngas for electricity generation section, or hydrogen for other applications.

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Abbreviations

ASU:

Air separation unit

CC:

Combined cycle

CCS:

Carbon capture and storage

CGE:

Cold gas efficiency

COE:

Cost of energy

DMPEG:

Dimethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol

ELECNRTL:

Non-random two liquid with electrolytes formation

EOS:

Equation of state

FT:

Fischer–Tropsch process

GHG:

Greenhouse gases

GT:

Gas turbine

GTL:

Gas to liquid fuels

HP:

High pressure

HRSG:

Heat recovery steam generator

IGCC:

Integrated gasification combined cycle

IP:

Intermediate pressure

LHV:

Lower heating value

MCFC:

Molten carbonate fuel cells

MDEA:

Methyl diethyl ethanol amine

NRTL:

Non-random two liquid

PEM:

Proton exchange membranes

PSA:

Pressure swing adsorption

SOFC:

Solid oxide fuel cell

ST:

Steam turbine

TIT:

Turbine inlet temperature

VLE:

Vapor–liquid equilibrium

WGS:

Water gas shift

WHB:

Waste heat boiler

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ETSEIB, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain

    Mar Pérez-Fortes & Aarón D. Bojarski

Authors
  1. Mar Pérez-Fortes
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  2. Aarón D. Bojarski
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mar Pérez-Fortes .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , ETSEIB, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, Barcelona, 08028, Spain

    Luis Puigjaner

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Pérez-Fortes, M., Bojarski, A.D. (2011). Main Purification Operations. In: Puigjaner, L. (eds) Syngas from Waste. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-540-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-540-8_5

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-85729-539-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-85729-540-8

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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