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Inflammation and Brain Function under Basal Conditions and During Long-Term Elevation of Brain Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Levels

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Book cover Cytokines, Stress, and Depression

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 461))

Abstract

It is now well accepted that immune challenges elicit a variety of physiological processes, such as activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, fever, and sickness behaviour, to promote survival and return of homeostasis. The underlying neurotransmitter responses in the brain, however, still need to be further characterized. Using an in vivo microdialysis method in rats, we have shown that peripheral inflammation (induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS)) results in a highly differentiated serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotransmitter response in the brain. LPS caused a profound increase in extracellular levels of serotonin (5-HT) in the hippocampus, but not in the preoptic area. In contrast, this treatment induced a dramatic rise in extracellular levels of noradrenaline (NA) in the preoptic area, but had only moderate effects in the hippocampus. Based on studies using biotelemetry and observation of behavioural activity simultaneously with microdialysis, we have proposed that the increase in preoptic NA is involved in fever and/or HPA axis activation during inflammation. The rise in hippocampal 5-HT seems to be associated with the development of sickness behaviour.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section Neuropsychopharmacology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2-10, D-80804, Munich, Germany

    Astrid C. E. Linthorst & Johannes M. H. M. Reul

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  1. Astrid C. E. Linthorst
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  2. Johannes M. H. M. Reul
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  1. INRA-INSERM, Bordeaux, France

    Robert Dantzer

  2. CNRS, Paris, France

    Emmanuelle E. Wollman

  3. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

    Raz Yirmiya

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Linthorst, A.C.E., Reul, J.M.H.M. (1999). Inflammation and Brain Function under Basal Conditions and During Long-Term Elevation of Brain Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Levels. In: Dantzer, R., Wollman, E.E., Yirmiya, R. (eds) Cytokines, Stress, and Depression. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 461. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-585-37970-8_9

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