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Peritoneal Anatomy and Physiology During Peritoneal Dialysis

  • Chapter
Replacement of Renal Function by Dialysis

Abstract

The peritoneum is the largest serous membrane in the body. It is a sac that covers the inner side of the abdominal wall, forms the mesentery to which loops of bowel are suspended, and reflects over the contained viscera (Figure 1). In the male the sac is closed, in the female the free end of the uterine tubes open into the peritoneal cavity. The part that lines the abdominal wall is named the parietal peritoneum, the part that covers the viscera constitutes the visceral peritoneum. Loosely arranged extraperitoneal connective tissue is present between the parietal peritoneum and the abdominal wall. The visceral peritoneum on the other hand is firmly united to the viscera which it covers. The parietal and visceral layers are in actual contact, but the virtual space between them is named the peritoneal cavity. It consists of a main portion, named the greater sac (cavum peritonei) and a diverticulum from this, termed the lesser sac (omental bursa), situated behind the stomach and adjoining structures. Both sacs are connected by the epiploic foramen. The peritoneal cavity is lined with a layer of flattened mesothelium and lubricated by a small quantity of serous fluid

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  1. Renal Unit, F4-215, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Raymond T. Krediet M.D., Ph.D.

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Krediet, R.T. (1996). Peritoneal Anatomy and Physiology During Peritoneal Dialysis. In: Jacobs, C., Kjellstrand, C.M., Koch, K.M., Winchester, J.F. (eds) Replacement of Renal Function by Dialysis. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-585-36947-1_5

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