Abstract
In biological vision systems, the term attention describes the way that information is prioritized and selected [23]. Selective attention is necessary in visual processing in order to handle the overwhelming amount of sensory information that is available. Visual systems, such as those found in primates, have a hybrid architecture in which low-level processing is performed in parallel across the entire visual field, and high-level processing is only performed on a selected subregion of the visual field [2]. Low-level tasks that are computed entirely in parallel are described as preattentive. Attentive processing uses this preattentive information to select a smaller region of interest for subsequent high-level processing. The duality of parallel computation and serial selections of regions of interest exemplifies the trade-off between speed and processing sophistication that results from the utilization of a limited amount of processing circuitry. If the attentional selection were not performed, an overwhelming amount of neural circuitry would be required in order to perform the high-level processing in parallel over the entire visual field [1].
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Morris, T.G., DeWeerth, S.P. (1998). Analog VLSI Excitatory Feedback Circuits for Attentional Shifts and Tracking. In: Lande, T.S. (eds) Neuromorphic Systems Engineering. The Springer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, vol 447. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-585-28001-1_6
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