Abstract
The majority of intraoperative consultations related to vaginal samples are to check adequacy of resection of tumors. Primary vaginal malignancies are rare; most of the intraoperative consults are for metastatic tumors that are responsible for 80% of all vaginal malignancies. Approximately a third of the metastases are of cervical origin, a fifth from the endometrium, and the remainder originates from other sites, particularly ovary, breast, and kidney. They spread to the vagina by direct extension from surrounding organs, or via lymphatic and blood vessels, most frequently involving the posterior wall of the upper third. Occasionally, pathologists are asked to identify vaginal lesions detected incidentally during other procedures or to rule out metastases. Portions of the vagina may also be included in radical resections for malignancies in other parts of the genital tract, and these will be considered with their corresponding organs (Chaps. 4–6). The present discussion will focus on lesions that primarily involve the vagina.
Keywords
- Clear Cell Carcinoma
- Verrucous Carcinoma
- Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Vaginal Cancer
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Recommended Reading
Balamurugan A, Ahmed F, Saraiya M, et al. Potential role of human papillomavirus in the development of subsequent primary in situ and invasive cancers among cervical cancer survivors. Cancer. 2008;113:2919–25.
Bigby SM, Symmans PJ, Miller MV, et al. Aggressive angiomyxoma of the female genital tract and pelvis- Clinicopathologic features with immunohistochemical analysis. Internat J Gynecol Pathol. 2011;30:505–13.
Boonlikit S, Noinual N. Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: a retrospective analysis of clinical features and colpohistology. J Obstet Gynecol Res. 2010;36:94–100.
Creasman WT, Phillips JL, Menck HR. The National Cancer Data Base report on cancer of vagina. Cancer. 1998;83:1033–40.
Diakomanolis E, Stefanidis K, Rodolakis A, et al. Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia a report of 102 cases. Eu J Gynaecol Oncol. 2002;23:547–9.
DiSaia PJ, Creasman WT. Clinical gynecologic oncology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby-Elsevier; 2007.
Dunn LJ, Napier JG. Primary carcinoma of the vagina. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1966;96:1112.
Ferreira M, Crespo M, Martins L, Felix A. HPV DNA detection and genotyping in 21 cases of primary invasive squamous cell carcinoma of vagina. Mod pathol. 2008;21:968–72.
Frank SJ, Deavers MT, Jhingran A, et al. Primary adenocarcinoma of the vagina not associated with diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure. Gynecol Oncol. 2007;105:470–4.
Gallum DG, Talledo OE, Shah KJ, Hayes C. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina: a 14 year study. Obstet Gynecol. 1987;69:782.
Hellman K, Lundell M, Silfversward C, et al. Clinical and histopathologic factors related to prognosis in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2006;16:1201–11.
Hellmann K, Silfversward C, Nilsson B, et al. Primary carcinoma of the vagina: factors influencing the age at diagnosis. The radiumhemmet series 1956–96. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2004;14:491–501.
Lilic V, Filipovic S, Visnjic M, Zivadinovic R. Primary carcinoma of vagina. J BUON. 2010;15:241–7.
Rome RM, England PG. Management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: a series of 132 cases with long term follow-up. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2000;10:382–90.
Sinha B, Stehman F, Schilder J, et al. Indiana University experience in the management of vaginal cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2009;19:686–93.
Staats PN, Clements PB, Young RH. Primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the vagina: a clinicopathologic study of 18 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:1490–501.
Van Dam P, Sonnemans H, van Dam PJ, et al. Sentinel node detection in patients with vaginal carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 2004;92:89–92.
Verloop J, Rookus MA, van Leeuwen FE. Prevalence of gynecologic cancer in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1838.
Weinstock MA. Malignant melanoma of the vulva and vagina in the United States: patterns of incidence and population-based estimates of survival. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;171:1225.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Coffey, D.M., Ramzy, I. (2012). Vagina. In: Frozen Section Library: Gynecologic Pathology Intraoperative Consultation. Frozen Section Library, vol 11. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-95958-0_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-95958-0_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-95957-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-95958-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)