Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Infectious Diseases and Cancer: HPV

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Modern Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Part of the book series: Statistics for Biology and Health ((SBH))

  • 7568 Accesses

Abstract

Many types of cancer are etiologically linked to infections. Historically, it has been a challenge to prove the causal link between an infectious agent and a given type of cancer; different sets of causal criteria have been applied according to the methodological approach used to study the putative association (Franco et al. 2004). Yet, epidemiologic and molecular evidence to date unequivocally demonstrate causal links between viruses, bacteria, and protozoan and metazoan parasites, and many forms of cancer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Al-Ghamdi A, Freedman D, Miller D, Poh C, Rosin M, Zhang L, Gilks CB (2002) Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in young women: a clinicopathologic study of 21 cases. Gynecol Oncol; 84(1):94–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Aral SO, Holmes KK (1999) Social and behavioural determinants of epidemiology of STDs: industrialized and developing countries. .. In: Holmes KK, Mardh P, Sparling PF, et al. eds. Sexually transmitted diseases. 3rd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 39–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong LR, Preston EJ, Reichert M, Phillips DL, Nisenbaum R, Todd NW, Jacobs IN, Inglis AF, Manning SC, Reeves WC (2000) Incidence and prevalence of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis among children in Atlanta and Seattle. Clin Infect Dis; 31(1):107–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Atalay F, Taskiran C, Taner MZ, Pak I, Or M, Tuncer S (2007) Detection of human papillomavirus DNA and genotyping in patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma. J Obstet Gynaecol Res; 33(6):823–828

    Google Scholar 

  • Ateenyi-Agaba C (1995) Conjunctival squamous-cell carcinoma associated with HIV infection in Kampala, Uganda. Lancet; 345(8951):695–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Ateenyi-Agaba C, Weiderpass E, Smet A, Dong W, Dai M, Kahwa B, Wabinga H, Katongole-Mbidde E, Franceschi S, Tommasino M (2004) Epidermodysplasia verruciformis human papillomavirus types and carcinoma of the conjunctiva: a pilot study. Br J Cancer; 90(9):1777–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Baseman JG, Koutsky LA (2005) The epidemiology of human papillomavirus infections. J Clin Virol 2005 ; 32(suppl 1):S16–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bosch FX, Manos MM, Muñoz N, Sherman M, Jansen AM, Peto J, Schiffman MH, Moreno V, Kurman R, Shah KV (1995) Prevalence of human papillomavirus in cervical cancer: a worldwide perspective. International biological study on cervical cancer (IBSCC) Study Group. J Natl Cancer Inst; 87(11): 796–802.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bosch FX, Lorincz A, Munoz N, Meijer CJ, Shah KV (2002) The causal relation between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. J Clin Pathol; 55(4):244–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Brock KE, MacLennan R, Brinton LA, Melnick JL, Adam E, Mock PA, Berry G (1989) Smoking and infectious agents and risk of in situ cervical cancer in Sydney, Australia. Cancer Res; 49(17):4925–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen YC, Chen JH, Richard K, Chen PY, Christiani DC (2004) Lung adenocarcinoma and human papillomavirus infection. Cancer; 15: 1428–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Chrisofos M, Skolarikos A, Lazaris A, Bogris S, Deliveliotis Ch (2004) HPV 16/18-associated condyloma acuminatum of the urinary bladder: first international report and review of literature. Int J STD AIDS;15(12):836–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Clifford GM, Smith JS, Plummer M, Munoz N, Franceschi S (2003) Human papillomavirus types in invasive cervical cancer worldwide: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer; 88:63–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Coissard CJ, Besson G, Polette MC, Monteau M, Birembaut PL, Clavel CE (2005) Prevalence of human papillomaviruses in lung carcinomas: a study of 218 cases. Mod Pathol; 18(12):1606–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Cubilla AL, Reuter VE, Gregoire L et al. (1998) Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma: A distinctive human papilloma virus-related penile neoplasm—A report of 20 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 22:755–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Cubilla AL, Velazques EF, Reuter VE et al. (2000) Warty (condylomatous) squamous cell carcinoma of the penis: A report of 11 cases and proposed classification of ‘verruciform’ penile tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 24:505–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Cullen AP, Reid R, Camption M. Lorincz AT (1991) Analysis of the physical state of different human papillomavirus DNAs in intraepithelial and invasive cervical neoplasm. J Virol; 65(2):606–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuzick J, Singer A, De Stavola BL, Chomet J (1990) Case-control study of risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in young women. Eur J Cancer; 26(6):684–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahlstrand H, Dahlgren L, Lindquist D et al. (2004) Presence of human papillomavirus in tonsillar cancer is a favourable prognostic factor for clinical outcome. Anticancer Res; 24:1829–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Daling JR, Madeleine MM, Johnson LG, Schwartz SM, Shera KA, Wurscher MA, Carter JJ, Porter PL, Galloway DA, McDougall JK (2004) Human papillomavirus, smoking, and sexual practices in the etiology of anal cancer. Cancer 15;101(2):270–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Daling JR, Madeleine MM, Schwartz SM, Shera KA, Carter JJ, McKnight B, Porter PL, Galloway DA, McDougall JK, Tamimi H (2002) A population-based study of squamous cell vaginal cancer: HPV and cofactors. Gynecol Oncol; 84(2):263–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Daling JR, Weiss NS, Hislop TG, Maden C, Coates RJ, Sherman KJ, Ashley RL, Beagrie M, Ryan JA, Corey L (1987) Sexual practices, sexually transmitted diseases, and the incidence of anal cancer. N Engl J Med 15; 317(16):973–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Damin AP, Karam R, Zettler CG, Caleffi M, Alexandre CO (2004) Evidence for an association of human papillomavirus and breast carcinomas. Breast Cancer Res Treat; 84:131–7

    Google Scholar 

  • D‘Souza G, Kreimer AR, Viscidi R, Pawlita M, Fakhry C, Koch WM, Westra WH, Gillison ML (2007) Case-control study of human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal cancer. N Engl J Med.10; 356(19):1944–56

    Google Scholar 

  • de Vet HC, Sturmans F (1994) Risk factors for cervical dysplasia: implications for prevention. Public Health;108(4):241–9

    Google Scholar 

  • de Villiers EM, Sandstrom RE, zur Hausen H, Buck CE (2005) Presence of papillomavirus sequences in condylomatous lesions of the mamillae and in invasive carcinoma of the breast. Breast Cancer Res; 7:R1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • de Villiers EM, Fauquet C, Broker TR, Bernard HU, zur Hausen H (2004) Classification of papillomaviruses. Virology; 324(1):17–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennis LK, Dawson DV (2002) Meta-analysis of measures of sexual activity and prostate cancer. Epidemiology; 13:72–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Dillner J, von Krogh G, Horenblas S, Meijer CJ (2000) Etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl; (205):189–93

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Mofty SK, Lu DW (2003) Prevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 DNA in squamous cell carcinoma of the palatine tonsil, and not the oral cavity, in young patients: a distinct clinicopathologic and molecular disease entity. Am J Surg Pathol; 27:1463–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Eng HL, Lin TM, Chen SY, Wu SM, Chen WJ (2002) Failure to detect human papillomavirus DNA in malignant epithelial neoplasms of conjunctiva by polymerase chain reaction.Am J Clin Pathol; 117(3):429–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans AS (1976) Causation and disease: the Henle-Koch postulates revisited. Yale J Biol Med; 49(2):175–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans AS, Mueller NE (1990) Viruses and cancer. Causal associations. Ann Epidemiol; 1(1):71–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferlay J, Bray F, Pisani P, Parkin DM (2004) GLOBOCAN 2002: Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide. IARC CancerBase No. 5, version 2.0. IARC Press, Lyon

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreux E, Lont AP, Horenblas S, et al. (2003) Evidence for at least three alternative mechanisms targeting the p16INK4A/cyclin D/Rb pathway in penile carcinoma, one of which is mediated by high-risk human papillomavirus. J Pathol 201:109–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Franco EL (1991) Viral etiology of cervical cancer: a critique of the evidence. Rev Infect Dis; 13(6):1195–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Franco EL, Correa P, Santella RM, Wu X, Goodman SN, Petersen GM (2004) Role and limitations of epidemiology in establishing a causal association. Semin Cancer Biol; 14(6):413–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Franco EL, Ferenczy A (2002) Part III, site-specific precancerous conditions: Cervix. In: EL Franco, TE Rohan eds. Cancer Precursors: Epidemiology, Detection, and Prevention. New York, NY: Springer- Verlag; 249–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Franco EL, Rohan TE, Villa LL (1999) Epidemiologic evidence and human papillomavirus infection as a necessary cause of cervical cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst; 91: 506–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Fredricks DN, Relman DA (1998) Infectious agents and the etiology of chronic idiopathic diseases. Curr Clin Top Infect Dis; 18:180–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Frisch M, Glimelius B, van den Brule AJ, Wohlfahrt J, Meijer CJ, Walboomers JM, Goldman S, Svensson C, Adami HO, Melbye M (1997) Sexually transmitted infection as a cause of anal cancer. N Engl J Med; 337(19):1350–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Frisch M, Melbye M, Moller H (1993) Trends in incidence of anal cancer in Denmark. BMJ; 306:41922

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Closas R, Castellsague X, Bosch X, Gonzalez CA (2005) The role of diet and nutrition in cervical carcinogenesis: A review of recent evidence. Int J Cancer; 117:629–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Garrote LF, Herrero R, Reyes RM, Vaccarella S, Anta JL, Ferbeye L, Muñoz N, Franceschi S (2001) Risk factors for cancer of the oral cavity and oro-pharynx in Cuba. Br J Cancer; 85:46–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Gichuhi S, Irlam JJ. Interventions for squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva in HIV-infected individuals (2007) Cochrane Database Syst Rev; (2):CD005643

    Google Scholar 

  • Gillison ML (2004) Human papillomavirus-associated head and neck cancer is a distinct epidemiologic, clinical, and molecular entity. Semin Oncol; 31:744–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Giuliano AR, Papenfuss M, Abrahamsen M, Inserra P (2002) Differences in factors associated with oncogenic and nononcogenic human papillomavirus infection at the United States–Mexico border. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 11(9):930–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Giuliani L, Favalli C, Syrjanen K, Ciotti M (2007) Human papillomavirus infections in lung cancer. Detection of E6 and E7 transcripts and review of the literature. Anticancer Res.; 27(4C):2697–704

    Google Scholar 

  • Giuliano AR, Siegel EM, Roe DJ, Ferreira S, Baggio ML, Galan L, Duarte-Franco E, Villa LL, Rohan TE, Marshall JR, Franco EL (2003) Dietary intake and risk of persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: the Ludwig-McGill HPV Natural History study. J Infect Dis; 188:1508–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Hampl M, Sarajuuri H, Wentzensen N, Bender HG, Kueppers V (2006) Effect of human papillomavirus vaccines on vulvar, vaginal, and anal intraepithelial lesions and vulvar cancer. Obstet Gynecol; 108(6):1361–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler C, Ferris DG, Jenkins D, Schuind A et al. (2004) Efficacy of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine in prevention of infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in young women: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet; 364(9447):1757–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler CM et al. (2006) Sustained efficacy up to 4.5 years of a bivalent L1virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus types 16 and 18: follow-up from a randomized control trial. Lancet; 367:1247–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris RW, Brinton LA, Cowdell RH, Skegg DC, Smith PG, Vessey MP, Doll R (1980) Characteristics of women with dysplasia or carcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri. Br J Cancer; 42(3):359–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Heideman DA, Waterboer T, Pawlita M, Delis-van Diemen P, Nindl I, Leijte JA, Bonfrer JM, Horenblas S, Meijer CJ, Snijders PJ (2007) Human papillomavirus-16 is the predominant type etiologically involved in penile squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol; 25(29):4550–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Hellberg D, Valentin J, Eklund T, Nilsson S (1987) Penile cancer: is there an epidemiological role for smoking and sexual behaviour? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed).; 295(6609):1306–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemminki K, Dong C, Frisch M (2000) Tonsillar and other upper aerodigestive tract cancer among cervical cancer patient and their husbands. Eur J Cancer Prev; 9: 433–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrero R (1996) Epidemiology of cervical cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr; 21: 1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Holly EA (1996) Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer, and HPV. Annu Rev Public Health; 17: 69–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Holly EA, Whittemore AS, Aston DA, Ahn DK, Nickoloff BJ, Kristiansen JJ (1989) Anal cancer incidence: genital warts, anal fissure or fistula, hemorrhoids, and smoking. J Natl Cancer Inst; 81(22):1726–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Hørding U, Junge J, Daugaard S, Lundvall F, Poulsen H, Bock JE (1994) Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma and papillomaviruses: indications for two different etiologies. Gynecol Oncol; 52(2):241–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Ikenberg H, Runge M, Goppinger A, Pfleiderer A (1990) Human papillomavirus DNA in invasive carcinoma of the vagina. Obstet Gynecol; 76:432–8

    Google Scholar 

  • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (1986) Tobacco smoking. Lyon, France: IARC. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemical to human. Vol. 38

    Google Scholar 

  • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (1995) Human papillomaviruses. Lyon, France: IARC. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Vol. 64

    Google Scholar 

  • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (2007) Human Papillomaviruses. Lyon, France: IARC. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans.,: International Agency for Research on Cancer, vol. 90

    Google Scholar 

  • Insinga RP, Glass AG, Rush BB (2004) The health care costs of cervical human papillomavirus–related disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol. l; 191(1):114–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Insinga RP, Glass AG, Rush BB (2004) Pap screening in a U.S. health plan. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 13(3):355–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson LG, Madeleine MM, Newcomer LM, Schwartz SM, Daling JR (2004) Anal cancer incidence and survival: the SEER experience, 1973-2000. Cancer; 101: 281–288

    Google Scholar 

  • Judson PL, Habermann EB, Baxter NN, Durham SB, Virnig BA (2006) Trends in the incidence of invasive and in situ vulvar carcinoma. Obstet Gynecol; 107(5):1018–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahn JA, Rosenthal SL, Succop PA, Ho GY, Burk RD (2002) Mediators of the association between age of first sexual intercourse and subsequent human papillomavirus infection. Pediatrics; 109(1):E5

    Google Scholar 

  • Kashima HK, Shah F, Lyles A, et al.(1992) A comparison of risk factors in juvenile-onset and adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Laryngoscope; 102:9–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Kjellberg L, Wang Z, Wiklund F, Edlund K, Angstrom T, Lenner P, Sjoberg I, Hallmans G, Wallin KL, Sapp M, Schiller J, Wadell G, Mahlck CG, Dillner J (1999) Sexual behaviour and papillomavirus exposure in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a population-based case-control study. J Gen Virol; 80(Pt 2):391–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Klussmann JP, Gultekin E, Weissenborn SJ, et al. (2003a) Expression of p16 protein identifies a distinct entity of tonsillar carcinomas associated with human papillomavirus. AmJ Pathol; 162:747–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Klussmann JP, Weissenborn SJ, Wieland U, et al. (2003b) Human papillomavirus-positive tonsillar carcinomas: a different tumor entity? Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl);192:129–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Klussmann JP, Weissenborn SJ, Wieland U, Dries V, Kolligs J, Jungehuelsing M, Eckel HE, Dienes HP, Pfister HJ, Fuchs PG (2001) Prevalence, distribution, and viral load of human papillomavirus 16 DNA in tonsillar carcinomas. Cancer ; 92:2875–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Konidaris S, Kouskouni EE, Panoskaltsis T, Kreatsas G, Patsouris ES, Sarivalassis A, Nonni A, Lazaris AC (2007) Human papillomavirus infection in malignant and benign gynaecological conditions: a study in Greek women. Health Care Women Int; 28(2):182–91

    Google Scholar 

  • Koutsky L (1997) Epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus infection. Am J Med; 102(5A):3–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Kreimer AR, Alberg AJ, Daniel R, Gravitt PE, Viscidi R, Garrett ES, Shah KV, Gillison ML (2004) Oral human papillomavirus infection in adults is associated with sexual behavior and HIV serostatus. J Infect Dis; 189: 686–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Kreimer AR, Clifford GM, Boyle P, Franceschi S (2005) Human papillomavirus types in head and neck SCCs worldwide: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 14:467–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee YM, Leu SY, Chiang H, Chiang H, Fung CP, Liu WT (2001) Human papillomavirus type 18 in colorectal cancer. J Microbiol Immunol Infect; 34: 87–91

    Google Scholar 

  • Maciag PC, Schlecht NF, Souza PS, Rohan TE, Franco EL, Villa LL (2002) Polymorphisms of the human leukocyte antigen DRB1 and DQB1 genes and the natural history of human papillomavirus infection. J Infect Dis; 186: 164–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Macfarlane GJ, Boyle P, Scully C (1992) Oral cancer in Scotland: changing incidence and mortality. BMJ; 305:1121–3

    Google Scholar 

  • Madeleine MM, Daling JR, Carter JJ, Wipf GC, Schwartz SM, McKnight B, Kurman RJ, Beckmann AM, Hagensee ME, Galloway DA (1997) Cofactors with human papillomavirus in a population-based study of vulvar cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst; 89:1516–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Maden C, Beckmann AM, Thomas DB, McKnight B, Sherman KJ, Ashley RL, Corey L, Daling JR (1992) Human papillomaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, and the risk of oral cancer inmen. AmJ Epidemiol; 135:1093–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Maden C, Sherman KJ, Beckmann AM, Hislop TG, Teh CZ, Ashley RL, Daling JR (1993) History of circumcision, medical conditions, and sexual activity and risk of penile cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst; 85(1):19–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Malek RS, Goellner JR, Smith TF, Espy MJ, Cupp MR (1993) Human papillomavirus infection and intraepithelial, in situ, and invasive carcinoma of penis. Urology; 42(2):159–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Manhart LE, Koutsky LA (2002) Do condoms prevent genital HPV infection, external genital warts, or cervical neoplasia? A meta-analysis. Sex Transm Dis; 29: 725–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayrand MH, Duarte-Franco E, Rodrigues I, Walter SD, Hanley J, Ferenczy A, Ratnam S, Coutlée F, Franco EL (2007) Canadian Cervical Cancer Screening Trial Study Group. Human papillomavirus DNA versus Papanicolaou screening tests for cervical cancer. N Engl J Med; 357(16):1579–88

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonnell JM, McDonnell PJ, Sun YY (1992) Human papillomavirus DNA in tissues and ocular surface swabs of patients with conjunctival epithelial neoplasia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci;33(1):184–9

    Google Scholar 

  • McKelvie PA, Daniell M, McNab A, Loughnan M, Santamaria JD (2002) Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva: a series of 26 cases. Br J Ophthalmol; 86(2):168–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Melbye M, Rabkin C, Frisch M, Biggar RJ (1994) Changing patterns of anal cancer incidence in the United States, 19401989. Am J Epidemiol; 139:77280

    Google Scholar 

  • Mork J, Lie AK, Glattre E, Hallmans G, Jellum E, Koskela P, Møller B, Pukkala E, Schiller JT, Youngman L, Lehtinen M, Dillner J (2001) Human papillomavirus infection as a risk factor for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med; 344:1125–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Moscicki AB, Hills N, Shiboski S, Powell K, Jay N, Hanson E, Miller S, Clayton L, Farhat S, Broering J, Darragh T, Palefsky J (2001) Risks for incident human papillomavirus infection and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion development in young females. JAMA; 285:2995–3002

    Google Scholar 

  • Moubayed P, Mwakyoma H, Schneider DT (2004) High frequency of human papillomavirus 6/11, 16, and 18 infections in precancerous lesions and squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva in subtropical Tanzania. Am J Clin Pathol; 122(6):938–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Munoz N, Bosch FX, Castellsague X, Diaz M, de Sanjose S, Hammouda D, Shah KV, Meijer CJ (2004) Against which human papillomavirus types shall we vaccinate and screen? The international perspective. Int J Cancer; 111(2):278–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Munoz N, Bosch FX, de Sanjose S, Herrero R, Castellsague X, Shah KV, Snijders PJ, Meijer CJ (2003) Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer. N Engl J Med; 348(6):518–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Muñoz N, Castellsagué X, de González AB, Gissmann L (2006) Chapter 1: HPV in the etiology of human cancer. Vaccine. 2006 Aug 21; 24S3:S1–10

  • Nakamura Y, Mashima Y, Kameyama K, Mukai M, Oguchi Y (1997) Detection of human papillomavirus infection in squamous tumours of the conjunctiva and lacrimal sac by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridisation, and polymerase chain reaction. Br J Ophthalmol; 81(4):308–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Newton R (1996) A review of the aetiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva. Br J Cancer; 74(10):1511–3

    Google Scholar 

  • Orjuela M, Castaneda VP, Ridaura C, Lecona E, Leal C, Abramson DH, Orlow I, Gerald W, Cordon-Cardo C (2000) Presence of human papilloma virus in tumor tissue from children with retinoblastoma: an alternative mechanism for tumor development. Clin Cancer Res; 6(10):4010–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Palazzi MA, Erwenne CM, Villa LL (2000) Detection of human papillomavirus in epithelial lesions of the conjunctiva. Sao Paulo Med J; 118(5):125–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Palazzi MA, Yunes JA, Cardinalli IA, Stangenhaus GP, Brandalise SR, Ferreira SA, Sobrinho JS, Villa LL (2003) Detection of oncogenic human papillomavirus in sporadic retinoblastoma. Acta Ophthalmol Scand; 81(4):396–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Palefsky JM (2000b) Anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in human immunodeficiency virus-positive men and women. Semin Oncol.; 27(4):471–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Palefsky JM (2000a) Human papilloma virus related tumors. AIDS; 14(Suppl 3):S18995

    Google Scholar 

  • Palefsky JM, Holly EA, Gonzales J, Berline J, Ahn DK, Greenspan JS (1991) Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer. Cancer Res; 51(3):1014–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Parazzini F, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Fedele L, Franceschi S, Gallotta L (1992) Risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Cancer; 69(9):2276–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Parkin DM (2006) The global health burden of infection-associated cancers in the year 2002. Int J Cancer; 118(12):3030–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P (2005) Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin; 55(2):74–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Parkin DM, Whelan SL, Ferlay J, et al. (2002) Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Lyon, France, IARC Scientific Publication 155

    Google Scholar 

  • Parkin DM, Whelan S, Ferlay J, Raymond LE, Young J (1997) Cancer incidence in five continents, Vol. VII. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC Scientific Publications No. 143

    Google Scholar 

  • Pirami L, Giache V, Becciolini A (1997) Analysis of HPV 16, 18, 31, and 35 DNA in pre-invasive and invasive lesions of the uterine cervix 1997. J Clin Pathol; 50(7):600–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Pisani P, Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J (1999) Estimates of the worldwide mortality from 25 cancers in 1990. Int J Cancer; 83:18–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Pérez LO, Abba MC, Laguens RM, Golijow CD (2005) Analysis of adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum: detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA by polymerase chain reaction. Colorectal Dis; 7(5):492–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfister H (2003) Chapter 8: Human papillomavirus and skin cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr; 31:52–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Ragin CC, Modugno F, Gollin SM (2007) The epidemiology and risk factors of head and neck cancer: a focus on human papillomavirus. J Dent Res; 86(2):104–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryan DP, Compton CC, Mayer RJ (2000) Carcinoma of the anal canal. N Engl J Med; 342:792– 800

    Google Scholar 

  • Richardson H, Kelsall G, Tellier P, Voyer H, Abrahamowicz M, Ferenczy A, Coutlée F, Franco EL (2003) The natural history of type-specific human papillomavirus infections in female university students. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev;12:485–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Ries LAG, Eisner MP, Kosary CL, Hankey BF, Miller BA, Clegg L, Edwards BK eds. (2000) SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1973–1997, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD

    Google Scholar 

  • Ries LAG, Harkins D, Krapcho M, Mariotto A, Miller BA, Feuer EJ, et al. eds.(2006) SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2003. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute. Available at: http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2003

  • Rousseau MC, Franco EL, Villa LL, Sobrinho JP, Termini L, Prado JM, Rohan TE (2000) A cumulative case-control study of risk factor profiles for oncogenic and nononcogenic cervical human papillomavirus infections. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 9:469–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin MA, Kleter B, Zhou M, Ayala G, Cubilla AL, Quint WG, Pirog EC (2001) Detection and typing of human papillomavirus DNA in penile carcinoma: evidence for multiple independent pathways of penile carcinogenesis. Am J Pathol; 159(4):1211–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaffer A, Koushik A, Trottier H, Duarte-Franco E, Mansour N, Arseneau J, Provencher D, Gilbert L, Gotlieb W, Ferenczy A, Coutlée F, Pollak MN, Franco EL (2007) Insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 16(4):716–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Schantz SP, Yu GP (2002) Head and neck cancer incidence trends in young Americans, 1973–1997, with a special analysis for tongue cancer.Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg; 128(3):268–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiffman MH, Bauer HM, Hoover RN, Glass AG, Cadell DM, Rush BB, Scott DR, Sherman ME, Kurman RJ, Wacholder S, et al. (1993) Epidemiologic evidence showing that human papillomavirus infection causes most cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. J Natl Cancer Inst; 85(12): 958–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiffman MH, Brinton LA (1995) The epidemiology of cervical carcinogenesis. Cancer; 76 (10 Suppl): 1888–901

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiffman M, Castle PE (2003b) Human papillomavirus: epidemiology and public health. Arch Pathol Lab Med; 127(8):930–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiffman M, Kjaer SK (2003) Chapter 2: Natural history of anogenital human papillomavirus infection and neoplasia. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr; (31):14–9

  • Schlecht NF, Trevisan A, Duarte-Franco E, et al. (2003) Viral load as a predictor of the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Int J Cancer; 103:519–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott IU, Karp CL, Nuovo GJ (2002) Human papillomavirus 16 and 18 expression in conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia. Ophthalmology; 109(3):542–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Sellors JW, Karwalajtys TL, Kaczorowski J, Mahony JB, Lytwyn A, Chong S, Sparrow J, Lorincz A (2003) Survey of HPV in Ontario Women Group. Incidence, clearance and predictors of human papillomavirus infection in women. CMAJ;168:421–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Shibuya K, Mathers CD, Boschi-Pinto C, Lopez AD, Murray CJ (2002) Global and regional estimates of cancer mortality and incidence by site: II. Results for the global burden of disease 2000. BMC Cancer; 2(1):37

    Google Scholar 

  • Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Silverman SJ (2000) Trends in oral cancer rates in the United States, 1973–1996. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol; 28:249–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Sichero L, Ferreira S, Trottier H, Duarte-Franco E, Ferenczy A, Franco EL, Villa LL (2007) High grade cervical lesions are caused preferentially by non-European variants of HPVs 16 and 18. Int J Cancer; 120(8):1763–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Silverberg MJ, Thorsen P, Lindeberg H, Grant LA, Shah KV (2003) Condyloma in pregnancy is strongly predictive of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Obstet Gynecol; 101:645–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Sjö NC, von Buchwald C, Cassonnet P, Norrild B, Prause JU, Vinding T, Heegaard S (2007) Human papillomavirus in normal conjunctival tissue and in conjunctival papilloma: types and frequencies in a large series. Br J Ophthalmol; 91(8):1014–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Spence AR, Franco EL, Ferenczy A (2005) The role of human papillomavirus in cancer. Am J Cancer; 4(1):49–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone KM, Timyan J, Thomas EL (1999) Barrier methods for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. In: Holmes KK, Mardh P, Sparling PF, et al. eds.. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 3rd ed. New York, NY: McGraw- Hill:1307–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutcliffe S, Giovannucci E, Gaydos CA, Viscidi RP, Jenkins FJ, Zenilman JM, Jacobson LP, De Marzo AM, Willett WC, Platz EA (2007) Plasma antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis, human papillomavirus, and human herpesvirus type 8 in relation to prostate cancer: a prospective study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 16(8):1573–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Syrjanen S (2005) Human papillomavirus (HPV) in head and neck cancer. J Clin Virol; 32 Suppl 1:S59–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Tabrizi SN, McCurrach FE, Drewe RH, Borg AJ, Garland SM, Taylor HR (1997) Human papillomavirus in corneal and conjunctival carcinoma. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol; 25(3):211–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Tran N, Rose BR, O‘Brien CJ (2007) Role of human papillomavirus in the etiology of head and neck cancer. Head Neck; 29(1):64–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Trottier H, Franco EL (2006) The epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus infection. Vaccine; 24 Suppl 1:S1–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Venuti A, Badaracco G, Rizzo C, Mafera B, Rahimi S, Vigili M (2004) Presence of HPV in head and neck tumours: high prevalence in tonsillar localization. J Exp Clin Cancer Res; 23:561–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Villa LL, Ault KA, Giuliano AR, Costa RL, Petta CA, Andrade RP, Brown DR, Ferenczy A, Harper DM, Koutsky LA, Kurman RJ, Lehtinen M, Malm C, Olsson SE, Ronnett BM, Skjeldestad FE, Steinwall M, Stoler MH, Wheeler CM, Taddeo FJ, Yu J, Lupinacci L, Railkar R, Marchese R, Esser MT, Bryan J, Jansen KU, Sings HL, Tamms GM, Saah AJ, Barr E (2006) Immunologic responses following administration of a vaccine targeting human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18. Vaccine; 24:5571–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, Bosch FX, Kummer JA, Shah KV, Snijders PJ, Peto J, Meijer CJ, Munoz N (1999) Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol; 189: 12–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Walboomers JM, Meijer CJ (1997) Do HPV-negative cervical carcinomas exist? J Pathol; 181: 253–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang SS, Hildesheim A (2003) Chapter 5: Viral and host factors in human papillomavirus persistence and progression. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr; (31):35–40

  • Welton ML, Sharkey FE, Kahlenberg MS (2004) The etiology and epidemiology of anal cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am; 13:263–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Winer RL, Lee SK, Hughes JP, Adam DE, Kiviat NB, Koutsky LA (2003) Genital human papillomavirus infection: incidence and risk factors in a cohort of female university students. Am J Epidemiol; 157(3):218–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Winer RL, Hughes JP, Feng Q et al. (2006) Condom use and the risk of genital human papillomavirus infection in young women. N Engl J Med; 354:2645–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Youshya S, Purdie K, Breuer J, Proby C, Sheaf MT, Oliver RT, Baithun S (2005) Does human papillomavirus play a role in the development of bladder transitional cell carcinoma? A comparison of PCR and immunohistochemical analysis. J Clin Pathol; 58(2):207–10

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Cervical cancer research activities in the Division of Cancer Epidemiology at McGill University have been funded by an endowment from the Cancer Research Society and multiple grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), National Cancer Institute of Canada (NCIC), and US National Institutes of Health. The authors have also received salary awards from the CIHR (Distinguished Scientist to ELF), Fonds de la recherche en santé du Quebec (Chercheur National to ELF) and chercheur-boursier to HT. Supplemental unconditional financial support to the work of the division has been provided by Merck Frosst.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Departments of Oncology and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

    Helen Trottier & Eduardo L. Franco

Authors
  1. Helen Trottier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Eduardo L. Franco
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Helen Trottier .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fak. Gesundheitswissenschaften, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany

    Alexander Krämer

  2. University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands

    Mirjam Kretzschmar

  3. Manglieu, 63270, France

    Klaus Krickeberg

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Trottier, H., Franco, E.L. (2009). Infectious Diseases and Cancer: HPV. In: Krämer, A., Kretzschmar, M., Krickeberg, K. (eds) Modern Infectious Disease Epidemiology. Statistics for Biology and Health. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-93835-6_23

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation