Early work on the commercial development of rechargeable lithium batteries to operate at or near ambient temperatures involved the use of elemental lithium as the negative electrode reactant. Binary phases, generally involving a solid solution of lithium in one of the forms of carbon, are currently employed on the negative side of lithium cells.
There is considerable interest in finding alternative materials that might be more attractive than the lithium-carbons. Improvements might involve the ability to operate safely at higher current densities, less first cycle irreversible capacity loss, better cycling behavior, reduced specific volume, and lower cost.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
N. P Yao, L.A. Heredy and R.C. Saunders, J. Electrochem. Soc. 118 (1971) 1039 .
E.C. Gay, D.R. Vissers, F.J. Martino and K.E. Anderson, J. Electrochem. Soc. 123 (1976) 1591.
S.C. Lai, J. Electrochem. Soc. 123 (1976) 1196.
R.A. Sharma and R.N. Seefurth, J. Electrochem Soc. 123 (1976) 1763.
R.N. Seefurth and R.A. Sharma, J. Electrochem. Soc. 124 (1977) 1207.
H. Ogawa, 2 nd IMLB,(Elsevier Sequoia) (1984), p. 259.
R. Yazami and P. Touzain, /. Power Sources 9 (1983) 365.
W. Weppner and R.A. Huggins, Symposium on Electrode Materials and Processes for Energy Conversion and Storage, J.D.E. Mclntyre, S. Srinivasan and F.G. Will, Eds., Electrochem. Soc. (1977), p. 833.
W. Weppner and R.A. Huggins, ZPhys. Chem. N.F. 108 (1977) 105.
W. Weppner and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125(1978) 7.
C. Wagner, J. Chem. Phys. 21 (1953) 1819.
C.J. Wen and R.A. Huggins, J. Solid State Chem. 37 (1981) 271.
C.J. Wen, Ph.D. Dissertation,Stanford University (1980).
C.J. Wen and R.A. Huggins, Mat. Res. Bull. 15 (1980) 1225.
M.L. Saboungi, J.J. Marr, K. Anderson and D.R. Vissers, J. Electrochem. Soc. 126 (1979) 322.
C.J. Wen and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc. 128 (1981) 1636.
C.J. Wen and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc. 128 (1981) 1181.
C.J. Wen, B.A. Boukamp and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc. 126 (1979) 2258.
W. Weppner and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 7.
J.P. Doench and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc. 129 (1982) 341C.
J. Wang, P. King and R.A. Huggins, Solid State Ionics 20 (1986) 185.
J. Wang, I.D. Raistrick and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 457.
B.A. Boukamp, G.C. Lesh and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc. 128 (1981) 725.
B.A. Boukamp, G.C. Lesh and R.A. Huggins, inProc Lithium Batteries,H.V. Venkatasetty, Ed., Electrochem. Soc. (1981), p. 467.
R.A. Huggins and B.A. Boukamp, US Patent 4,436,796.
A. Anani, S. Crouch-Baker and R.A. Huggins, inLithium Batteries, A. N. Dey, Ed.,Electrochem. Soc. (1987), p. 382.
A. Anani, S. Crouch-Baker and R.A. Huggins, 7.Electrochem. Soc. 135 (1988) 2103.
C. J. Wen and R. A. Huggins, J. Solid State Chem. 35 (1980) 376.
J. Yang, M. Winter and J. O. Besenhard, Solid State Ionics 90 (1996) 281.
R. A. Huggins and W. D. Nix, Ionics 6 (2000) 57.
Y. Piffard, F. Leroux, D. Guyomard, J.-L. Mansot and M. Tournoux, J. Power Sources 68 (1997) 698.
M. Nishijima, T. Kagohashi, N. Imanishi, Y. Takeda, O. Yamamoto and S. Kondo, Solid State Ionics 83 (1996) 107.
T. Shodai, S. Okada, S-i. Tobishima, and J-i. Yamaki, Solid State Ionics 86–88 (1996) 785.
M. Nishijima, T. Kagohashi, Y. Takeda, N. Imanishi and O. Yamamoto, 8th IMLB (1996), p. 402.
T. Shodai, S. Okada, S. Tobishima and J. Yamaki, 8th IMLB (1996), p. 404. 36 P. Limthongkul, Ph.D. Thesis, Mass. Inst, of Tech. (2002).
P.Limthongkl. Ph.D. Thesis, Mass. Inst. of Tech. (2002).
B. Klausnitzer, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Ulm (2000).
A. Netz, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Kiel (2001).
A. Netz, R.A. Huggins and W. Weppner, 11 th IMLB (2002), Abstract No. 47.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2003, First softcover printing
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Huggins, R.A. (2009). Alloys and Intermetallic Anodes. In: Nazri, GA., Pistoia, G. (eds) Lithium Batteries. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92675-9_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92675-9_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-92674-2
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-92675-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive