Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) have metabolic roles as well as effects on growth and differentiation. IGF-I and IGFBP-1 are good metabolic markers, with low IGF-I and increased fasting IGFBP-1 indicating impaired nutritional status. There is compelling evidence to suggest that the actions of the IGF system in adult brain are important to learning, memory, and behavior in health and disease. In addition to local IGF system components, it is known that endocrine IGFs and IGFBPs crossing the blood-brain barrier also play a role in brain function. Impaired IGF signaling contributes to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease and to the altered cognitive function of infection and chronic inflammation. It has therefore been suggested that IGF-I may be a reasonable therapeutic option in these conditions. However, the positive effect of reduced IGF-I signaling and dietary restriction on longevity and cancer progression should be considered when targeting the IGF system in the treatment of cognitive disturbance. Future work should focus on targeting tissues for specific IGF effects and in developing guidelines and awareness of the best nutrition and exercise for optimal cognitive functioning throughout life. Further knowledge of the IGF system and nutrition in relation to behavior may be a key to understanding the integration of somatic and cognitive functioning.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- IGF:
-
Insulin-like growth factor
- IGF1R:
-
Type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor
- IGFBP:
-
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein
- GH:
-
Growth hormone
- GHR:
-
Growth hormone receptor
- ALS:
-
Acid-labile subunit of the IGFBP-3 ternary complex
- kDa:
-
kilodalton
- TNF-α:
-
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
References
Åberg ND, Brywe KG, Isgaard J. TheScientificWorldJOURNAL. 2006;6:53–80.
Arai Y, Hirose N, Yamamura K, Shimizu K, Takayama M, Ebihara Y, et al. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56A:M79–82.
Arwert LI, Deijen JB, Drent ML. Nutr Neurosci. 2003;6:269–75.
Arwert LI, Deijen JB, Drent ML. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2005;15:416–22.
Attia N, Tamborlane WV, Heptulla R, Maggs D, Grozman A, Sherwin RS, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:1467–71.
Bezchlibnyk YB, Xu L, Wang J-F, Young LT. Brain Res. 2007;1147:213–7.
Bluthé R-M, Kelley KW, Dantzer R. Brain Behav Immun. 2006;20:57–63.
Bondy C, Lee WH. J Neurosci. 1993;13:5092–104.
Carro E, Trejo JL, Gomez-Isla T, LeRoith D, Torres-Aleman I. Nat Med. 2002;8:1390–7.
Chen MJ, Russo-Neustadt AA. Growth Factors. 2007;25:118–31.
Claeys I, Simonet G, Poels J, Van Loy T, Vercammen L, De Loof A, et al. Peptides. 2002;23:807–16.
Clemmons DR. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006;6:620–5.
Clemmons DR. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2007;6:821–33.
Counts DR, Gwirtsman H, Carlsson LMS, Lesem M, Cutler GB. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992;75:762–7.
Davila N, Piriz J, Trejo JL, Torres-Aleman I. Front Biosci. 2007;12:3194–202.
de la Monte SM. BMB Rep. 2009;42:475–81.
Duman CH, Schlesinger L, Terwilliger R, Russell DS, Newton SS, Duman RS. Behav Brain Res. 2009;198:366–71.
Elenkov IJ, Iezzoni DG, Daly A, Harris AG, Chrousos GP. Cytokine dysregulation, inflammation and well-being. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2005;12(5):255–69.
Falleti MG, Maruff P, Burman P, Harris A. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2006;31:681–91.
Fernandez S, Fernandez AM, Lopez-Lopez C, Torres-Aleman I. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2007;17:89–95.
Firth SM, Baxter RC. Endocr Rev. 2002;23:824–54.
Friedlander AL, Butterfield GE, Moynihan S, Grillo J, Pollack M, Holloway L, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:1496–503.
Frystyk J, Vestbo E, Skjaerbaek C, Mogensen CE, Ørskov H. Metabolism. 1995;10 Suppl 4:37–44.
Hoyer S. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004;490:115–25.
Khawaja X, Xu J, Liang J-J, Barrett JE. J Neurosci Res. 2004;75:451–60.
Landi F, Capoluongo E, Russo A, Onder G, Cesari M, Lulli P, et al. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2007;17:58–66.
Le Roith D, Bondy C, Yakar S, Liu JL, Butler A. Endocr Rev. 2001;22:53–74.
Lewitt MS, Baxter RC. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1991;79:C147–52.
Lewitt MS, Hall K (2005). The insulin-like growth factor system and nutrition in adulthood and aging. In: IGF and Nutrition in Health and Disease. Houston MS, Holly J, Feldman E (eds) Humana Press, pp. 157–74.
Lewitt MS, Denyer GS, Cooney GJ, Baxter RC. Endocrinology. 1991;129:2254–6.
Lichtenwalner RJ, Forbes ME, Bennet SA, Lynch CD, Sonntag WE, Riddle DR. Neuroscience. 2001;107:603–13.
Llorens-Martin M, Torres-Aleman I, Trejo JL. Neuroscientist. 2009;15:134–48.
Lupien SB, Bluhm EJ, Ishii DN. J Neurosci Res. 2003;74:512–23.
Malberg JE, Platt B, Rizzo SJ, Ring RH, Lucki I, Schechter LE, et al. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007;32:2360–8.
Markowska AL, Mooney M, Sonntag WE. Neuroscience. 1998;87:559–69.
McIntyre RS, Soczynska JK, Konarski JZ, Woldeyohannes HO, Law CWY, Miranda A, et al. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;18:257–64.
Narasimhan SD, Yen K, Tissenbaum HA. Curr Biol. 2009;19:R657–66.
O’Connor JC, McCusker RH, Strle K, Johnson RW, Dantzer R, Kelley KW. Cell Immunol. 2008;252(1–2):91–110
Pandini G, Frasca F, Mineo R, Sciacca L, Vigneri R, Belfiore A. J Biol Chem. 2002;22:22.
Pembrey ME. Eur J Hum Genet. 2002;10:669–71.
Reinhardt RR, Bondy CA. Endocrinology. 1994;135:1753–61.
Rivera EJ, Goldin A, Fulmer N, Tavares R, Wands JR, de la Monte SM. J Alzheimers Dis. 2005;8:247–68.
Russo VC, Gluckman PD, Feldman EL, Werther GA. Endocr Rev. 2005;26:916–43.
Sara V, Carlsson-Skwirut C, Drakenberg K, Giacobini M, Håkansson L, Mirmiran M, et al. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1993;692:183–91.
Sizonenko SV, Sirimanne ES, Williams CE, Gluckman PD. Brain Res. 2001;922:42–50.
Steen E, Terry BM, Rivera EJ, Cannon JL, Neely TR, Tavares R, et al. J Alzheimers Dis. 2005;7:63–80.
Sun LY. Steven Evans M, Hsieh J, Panici J, Bartke A. Endocrinology. 2006;146:1138–44.
Trejo JL, Llorens-Martin MV, Torres-Aleman I. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2008;37:402–11.
Uhde TW, Malloy LC, Slate SO. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1992;43:263–9.
Undén A-L, Elofsson S, Knox S, Lewitt MS, Brismar K. Clin Endocrinol. 2002;57:793–803.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lewitt, M.S. (2011). The Relationship between the IGF System, Nutrition, and Behavior. In: Preedy, V., Watson, R., Martin, C. (eds) Handbook of Behavior, Food and Nutrition. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92271-3_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92271-3_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-92270-6
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-92271-3
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)