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Antimicrobial Resistance in Developing Countries pp 301–314Cite as

Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Africa

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Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is becoming increasingly important in high-burden infectious diseases in Africa. Resistance to affordable antimalarials and antibacterials has worsened patient prognosis, increased health-care costs, and is a barrier to effective health care. This chapter outlines the African situation for a few infectious diseases and discusses mitigating factors, particularly selective pressure from antimicrobial use. Overuse of antimicrobials for prevention and treatment of real or supposed infections, unregulated antimicrobial sales as well as poor antimicrobial quality assurance may be important contributors to the problem by providing selective pressure for the emergence and spread of resistant strains. In addition to addressing these problems, containment of resistant strains and improvement of diagnostic infrastructure are necessary interventions for resistance control.

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Acknowledgment

INO is a Branco Weiss Fellow of the Society-in-Science, ETHZ, Zürich, Switzerland.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, PA, USA

    Iruka N. Okeke

  2. Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Kayode K. Ojo

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  2. Kayode K. Ojo
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Correspondence to Iruka N. Okeke .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Advisor Alliance for the Prudent Use of, Tufts University, Kneeland St. 75, Boston, 02111, U.S.A.

    Aníbal de J. Sosa

  2. Dept. Zoology, Makerere University Kampala, Kampala, Uganda

    Denis K. Byarugaba

  3. Fundación Lusara, Playa Rosarito 353, Mexico, 08810, Mexico

    Carlos F. Amábile-Cuevas

  4. Depts. Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan Univ. Hosp., Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C.

    Po-Ren Hsueh

  5. Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, 00100, Kenya

    Samuel Kariuki

  6. Dept. Biology, Haverford College, Lancaster Avenue 370, Haverford, 19041, U.S.A.

    Iruka N. Okeke

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Okeke, I.N., Ojo, K.K. (2010). Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Africa. In: Sosa, A., Byarugaba, D., Amábile-Cuevas, C., Hsueh, PR., Kariuki, S., Okeke, I. (eds) Antimicrobial Resistance in Developing Countries. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89370-9_17

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