Abstract
In 1945, subsequent to being defeated twice, World War I and World War II, in the first half of the twentieth century, Germany was occupied by the United States (USA), the United Kingdom (UK), France, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). With the advent of the Cold War, two separate German states were formed in 1949: the western Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the eastern German Democratic Republic (GDR). The democratic FRG embedded itself in key Western economic and security organizations, including the EC, which became the EU, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
Guest Author: Andre Konze, State Police of North Rhine Westphalia, Düsseldorf, NRW, Germany
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Notes
- 1.
EU: http://europa.eu/index_en.htm; NATO: http://www.nato.int.
- 2.
- 3.
CIA World Factbook: Germany. http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gm.html.
- 4.
German Bundestag: http://www.bundestag.de/htdocs_e/index.html.
- 5.
German Bundesrat: http://www.bundesrat.de/EN/Home/homepage__node.html.
- 6.
German Bundesverfassungsgericht: http://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/en/index.html.
- 7.
German Bundesgerichtshof: http://www.bundesgerichtshof.de/.
- 8.
German Bundesverwaltungsgericht: http://www.bverwg.de/enid/dbd778f1bb9e5ee5146ed87644ac81b0,51519f6d6f6465092d09/BESONDERE_SEITEN/Startseite_2.html.
- 9.
German Federal Police: Bundespolizei. http://www.bundespolizei.de/; and Federal Police Officer: Bundeskriminalamt. http://www.bka.der/.
- 10.
Schengen Agreement. http://www.migrationsverket.se/infomaterial/om_eu/schengen_en.pdf; BBC News: Schengen Agreement.http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/europe/euro-glossary/1230052.stm.
- 11.
Crenshaw (1995); Dershowitz (2002).
- 12.
Red Army Faction: A Chronology of Terror.http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,2763946,00.html.
- 13.
Guardian.co.uk: The Baader Meinhof Complex. http://www.guardian.co.uk/; Aust (2008).
- 14.
Wunschik (1997).
- 15.
Wanted Poster: “Baader/Meinhof Gang”. http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/sub_image.cfm?image_id=2395.
- 16.
Tucker (2000, pp. 95–98).
- 17.
Kurbjuweit (2008).
- 18.
Landshut, a city in the southern part of Germany, was also the name of the hijacked Lufthansa airplane. Lufthansa airplanes are named for German cities.
- 19.
Bard, 2008.
- 20.
Calahan, 1995.
- 21.
Melman (2006); Jonas (1984); Israel 1967–1991 Olympic Team Murder (n.d.).
- 22.
Kellner, Lambeck, and Uhlenbroich (2007); Kemmesies (2006).
- 23.
Bedrohung der Sicherheit in Deutschland durch Terrorismus und Organisierte Krimiinalität (n.d.).
- 24.
Ibid.
- 25.
Deutscher Bundestag (2008a, 2008b); Wintrobe (2003).
- 26.
Rushton (1995).
- 27.
Kämpfer aus Deutschland für den Heiligen Krieg im Irak (2004).
- 28.
Neuorganisation Bundespolizei (2008).
- 29.
Das Bundeskriminalamt Fakten und Zahlen (2008).
- 30.
General Introduction of NRW Police (n.d.).
- 31.
Zwick (2004).
- 32.
BverfGE 115, 118.
- 33.
Rees (2003).
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Haberfeld, M.R., King, J.F., Lieberman, C.A., Konze, A. (2009). Germany. In: Terrorism Within Comparative International Context. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88861-3_9
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