Abstract
In this chapter, we continue with Gaussian linear and additive mixed modelling methods and discuss their application on nested data. Nested data is also referred to as hierarchical data or multilevel data in other scientific fields (Snijders and Boskers, 1999; Raudenbush and Bryk, 2002).
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Notes
- 1.
Originally, this variable had three classes, but because the lowest level was only observed on one beach, we relabeled, and grouped the two lowest levels into one level called ‘a’. The highest level is labeled ‘b’.
- 2.
When the need for food varies between the young owls, the calls used in the absence of parent birds have been shown to communicate the different levels of hunger between the chicks. This pre-parental arrival behaviour then seems to influence competitive behaviour between chicks when the parent bird arrives. Using information from this sibling communication, the least hungry chick avoids competing for food against the hungriest chick, which is the more likely to succeed in winning the food from the parent bird. Thus saving energy to only compete for food when there is the highest probability of successfully winning it.
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Zuur, A.F., Ieno, E.N., Walker, N.J., Saveliev, A.A., Smith, G.M. (2009). Mixed Effects Modelling for Nested Data. In: Mixed effects models and extensions in ecology with R. Statistics for Biology and Health. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87458-6_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87458-6_5
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