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Pulmonary Vascular Development

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Textbook of Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Abstract

The vascular beds of the adult lung, the pulmonary and bronchial circulations, are formed by extensive branching systems of large and small arteries and veins, and capillary networks. The focus of this chapter is the development of the pulmonary circulation in the normal lung as this evolves through the embryo/fetus to birth and the postnatal stage; and its continued development through childhood to the adult. In principle, the central large pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins have a wall structure that reflects their role as conduits of deoxygenated or oxygenated blood. In addition to this function, the distal vascular loops of small thin-walled pulmonary (precapillary) arteries, capillaries, and (postcapillary) veins, which together form the lung’s microcirculation, serve as part of a gas-exchange surface for blood transiting this complex network. Blood vessels form and assemble networks in a series of elegant and intricate steps. Since the lung’s vasculature cannot develop in isolation from its airways, the mechanisms of morphogenesis discussed include, in brief, ones regulating specification of the lung primordium, and the early formation of the lung bud and airways. Mechanisms of alveologenesis, as these pertain to capillary bed formation, are also considered.

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Acknowledgements

The writting of this chapter by RJ and DC was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH HL 089252). The sterling work of the colleagues and investigators cited here is gratefully acknowledged. Section 2 dealing with regulation of the molecular basis of lung development is based on the author’s (RJ) presentation, and printed handout, for a symposium on genes and lung development, at a plenary session of an international meeting of the US/Canadian Society of Pediatric Pathology, held in 2004 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

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  1. Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Rosemary C. Jones

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  1. Rosemary C. Jones
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  2. Diane E. Capen
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Correspondence to Rosemary C. Jones .

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  1. Departments of Medicine, COMRB Rm. 3131 (MC 719), University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, 60612, Illinois, USA

    Jason X. -J. Yuan

  2. 310 Admin.Office Building (MC 672), University of Illinois at Chicago, 1737 W. Polk Street, Suite 310, Chicago, 60612, Illinois, USA

    Joe G.N. Garcia

  3. Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093-0623, California, USA

    John B. West

  4. Dept. Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA

    Charles A. Hales

  5. Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA

    Stuart Rich

  6. Department of Medicine, University of Chicago School of Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, 60637, Illinois, USA

    Stephen L. Archer

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Jones, R.C., Capen, D.E. (2011). Pulmonary Vascular Development. In: Yuan, JJ., Garcia, J., West, J., Hales, C., Rich, S., Archer, S. (eds) Textbook of Pulmonary Vascular Disease. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87429-6_3

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