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Performance and Durability of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Operating with Reformate: Effects of CO, CO2, and Other Trace Impurities

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Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Durability

Abstract

The performance and durability of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) operating with reformate is discussed. Brief overviews are given on how dilution affects the thermodynamic driving force and how diffusion of N2 and CO2, two major components in a typical reformate mix, affects the overall voltage. The primary focus is on the impact of CO on the voltage performance of the PEFC, i.e., the anode overpotential at different CO levels. Specifically, the effects of CO concentration and the impact of various CO mitigation methods on durability and degradation are presented. CO/air bleed interactions are discussed in connection with peroxide-induced membrane/ionomer degradation rates. Furthermore, the possibility of in situ anode CO formation from CO2 via the reverse water-gas-shift reaction is assessed for realistic PEFC operating conditions. The discussion includes results obtained at high CO levels and the stability of Pt–Ru catalysts. The impact of trace impurities such as NH3, H2S, and small organic molecules is also described.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plug Power Inc., 968 Albany Shaker Road, Latham, NY, 12110, USA

    Bin Du & Manikandan Ramani

  2. Shell Exploration & Production Co., Bellaire Technology Centre, 3737 Bellaire Blvd, Houston, TX, 77025, USA

    Richard Pollard

  3. Empire Innovation Professor of Nanoengineering & Executive Director Center for Sustainable Ecosystem Nanotechnologies, College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, 12203, New York

    John F. Elter

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  1. Electrochemistry LaboratoryPaul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland

    Felix N. Büchi

  2. Department Molecular Science and Technology, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan

    Minoru Inaba (Faculty of Engineering) (Faculty of Engineering)

  3. BASF Fuel Cell GmbH Industrial Park Hoechst, G865 D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Thomas J. Schmidt

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Du, B., Pollard, R., Elter, J.F., Ramani, M. (2009). Performance and Durability of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Operating with Reformate: Effects of CO, CO2, and Other Trace Impurities. In: Büchi, F.N., Inaba, M., Schmidt, T.J. (eds) Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Durability. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85536-3_17

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