Abstract
During the past 50 years, humankind has been extending its presence successfully into outer space either through automation or in person [2]. Landing a “Man on the Moon” through the Apollo 11 mission in 1969 broke our perceptual blinders: in short, we are no longer “earthbound” as our ancestors believed for millennia. Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) in orbit dramatically reminds us of our new reality, as Exhibits 43 (opposite) and 44 illustrate. Indeed, perhaps the real home and potential of the human species is on the high frontier. Just as application of fire and tools altered our forebears, so space technology and settlement forces modern men and women to change their image of the species. Now we can move beyond the “gravity well”, free to explore and utilize the universe to improve the quality of human existence. The technological achievements of global space agencies and private enterprise aloft contribute mightily toward actualization of our potential. Space exploration and exploitation of offworld resources not only alters human culture on Earth—but contributes to the emergence in this 21st century of an entirely new space culture, a transformation into a being called spacekind or Homo spatialis [3].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
4.6 References
Huntington, S. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York: Simon & Shuster, 1996.
The American Astronautical Society has a 27-volume series on the history of spaceflight. Contact www.UNIVELT.com for a listing of available titles... Neal, V.; Lewis, C. S.; and Winter, F. H. Spaceflight: A Smithsonian Guide. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1995... Freeman, M. How We Got to the Moon: The Story of the German Space Pioneers. Washington, D.C.: 21st Century Science Associates, 1993... Surkov, Y. A. Exploration of the Terrestrial Planets from Spacecraft. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley/Praxis, 1997.
Finney, B. R.; and Jones, E. M. (eds.) Interstellar Migration and the Human Experience. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1985... Robinson, G. S.; and White, H. M. Envoys of Mankind: A Declaration of Principles for Space Societies. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1986... Harrison, A. A. Spacefaring: The Human Dimension. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2001, ch. 14.
Moran, R. T.; Harris, P. R.; and Moran, S. V. Managing Cultural Differences: Global Leadership Strategies for the 21st Century. Burlington, MA: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007, Seventh Edition (www.books.elsevier.com/business). Check also the other 12 titles in the Managing Cultural Differences Series.
Sulzman, F. M.; and Genin, A. M. (eds.) Life Support and Habitability: Space Biology and Medicine. Reston, VA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1994, Vol. II... Tascone, T. F. Introduction to the Space Environment. Melbourne, FL: Orbit Books/Krieger Publishing, 1988... Freeman, M. Challenges of Human Space Exploration. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley/Praxis, 2000.
Ride, S.; and O’Shaughnessy, T. Voyager: An Adventure to the Edge of the Solar System. New York: Science Publishing, 2006 (especially suitable for children).
Atkinson, J. D.; and Shafritz, J. M. The Real Stuff: A History of NASA’s Astronaut Recruitment Program. New York: Praeger Publishing, 1985... Harvey, B. Race into Space: The Soviet Space Programme. Chichester, U.K.: Ellis Horwood Publishing, 1988... Oberg, J. Star-crossed Orbits: Inside the U.S. Russian Space Alliance. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002.
Harris, P. R. The New Work Culture... Managing the Knowledge Culture. Amherst, MA: Human Resource Development Press, 1998, 2005.
“Special Issue on Human Factors,” Earth-Space Review, 1, January/March, 1995 (published by Gordon & Breach Science Publishers, PO Box 90, Reading, Berkshire RG1 8JL, U.K.)... Lane, H. W.; and Schoeller, D. A. Nutirition in Spaceflight and Weightlessness. Washington, D.C.: CRC Press, 2000.
Harris, P. R., “Impact of Culture on Human and Space Development,” Acta Astronautica, 36(7), October 1995, 399–408 (journal of the International Academy of Astronautics).
O’Donnell, D. J. “Founding a Space Nation Utilizing Living Systems,” Behavioral Science, 39(2), April 1994, 93–116 (journal of the International Society for Systems Science)... O’Donnell, D. J.; and Harris, P. R. “Space-Based Energy Needs a Consortium and a Revision of the Moon Treaty,” Space Power, 13(1/2), 1994, 121–131 (journal of the SUNSAT Energy Council)... O’Donnell, D. J.; and Harris, P. R. “Strategies for Lunar Development and Port Authority,” Space Governance, 2(1), June 1996 (journal of United Societies in Space, Inc., USIS, 499 Larkspur Rd., Castle Rock, CO 80104; email: djopc@quest.net).
O’Neill, G. K. The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space. Princeton, NJ: Space Studies Institute (PO Box 82, zip code 08542)... Savage, M. T. The Millennial Project: Colonizing the Galaxy in Eight Easy Steps. New York: Little, Brown & Co., 1994... Krone, R.; Morris, L.; and Cox, K. (eds.) Beyond Earth: The Future of Humans in Space. Burlington, Ontario: Apogee/CG Publishing, 2006.
Schrunk, D.; Sharpe, B.; Cooper, B.; and Thangavelu., M. The Moon: Resources, Future Development, and Settlemennt. Chichester, U.K.: Springer/Praxis, 2008, Second Edition (www.praxis-publishing.co.uk)... Mendell, W. W. (ed.) Lunar Bases and Space Activities for the 21st Century. Houston, TX: Lunar Planetary Institute, 1985.
White, F. The Overview Effect: Space Exploration and Human Evolution. New York: Houghton-Mifflin, 1987... Hsu, F. “Managing Risks on the Space Frontier: The Paradox of Safety, Reliability and Risk,” in Krone, R.; Morris, L.; and Cox, K. (eds.) Beyond Earth. Burlington, Ontario: Apogee/CG Publishing, 2006.
Springer, S. P.; and Deutch, G. Left Brain, Right Brain. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co., 1993, Fourth Edition.
Harris. P. R. The Work Culture Handbook. Mumbai, India: Jaico Publishing, 2003... Shusta, R. M.; Levine, D. R.; Wong, R. Z.; Olsen, A. T.; and Harris, P. R. Multicultural Law Enforcement: Strategies for Peacekeeping in a Diverse Society. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2007, Fourth Edition (www.prenhall.com/criminaljustice).
Ehricke, K. A. “Lunar Industrialization and Settlement: Birth of a Polyglobal Civilization,” in Mendell, W. W. (ed.) Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century. Houston, TX: Lunar Planetary Institute, 1985, pp. 827–855.
Schein, E. Organizational Culture and Leadership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishing, 1985.
Peters, T. J.; and Waterman, R. H. In Search of Excellence. New York: Harper & Row, 1982.
Gushkin, V. I. “Problems of Psychological Control in Prolonged Spaceflight,” Earth-Space Review, 4(1), January/March 1992, 28–31... Kanas, N. “Psychological Support for Cosmonauts,” Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 62(3), May 1991, 53–5.
Dunn, M. “Skepticism Remains as NASA Makes Progress on International Culture,” Associated Press, 2/21/05... Malig, T. “Work Remains for NASA Culture Change,” www.spacecom.com/news, 12/7/05... Handberg, R. Reinventing NASA: Human Spaceflight, Bureaucracy, and Politics. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003.
Vakoch, D. “Culture in the Cosmos,” www/space.com/searchforlife/seti_culture_070503.html, May 2, 2007... Maruyama, M. “Settlements in Space,” in Fowles, J. (ed.) Handbook of Future Research. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1978.
Harrison, A. A. After Contact: The Human Response to Extraterrestrial Life. New York: Plenum Publishing, 1987.
Sherman, P. J.; and Weiner, E. L. “At the Intersection of Automation and Culture,” Earth-Space Review, 4(1), January/March 1995, 11–13.
Blagonravov, A. A. (ed.) Collected Works of K. E. Tsiolkovski, Vols. 1, 2, 3, NASA TT-F-236/237/238. NASA Center of Aerospace Information, 1965 (Document Request, 800 Elkridge Landing Rd., Linthicum Heights, MD 21090; fax.: 301/621-0234; order #N65-21736/32975 and 32765).
Harris, P. R. Toward Human Emergence. Amherst, MA: Human Resource Development Press, 2008 (www.hrdpress.com).
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester, UK
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
(2009). Cultural implications of space enterprise. In: Space Enterprise. Springer Praxis Books. Praxis. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77640-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77640-8_4
Publisher Name: Praxis
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-77639-2
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-77640-8
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)