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Beyond Microtechnology—Nanotechnology in Molecular Diagnosis

  • Chapter
Book cover Integrated Biochips for DNA Analysis

Part of the book series: Biotechnology Intelligence Unit ((BIOIU))

Abstract

Advances in technology have led to significant improvements in our ability to detect and diagnose disease. In particular, the advent of nucleic acid technology has allowed unparalleled insight into the genetic basis of disease and a highly specific means to detect and diagnose infectious disease. A further technological advance, dating back to the 1980s, has been the use of microfabrication techniques widely utilized in the microelectronics imdustry to fabricate the use of microfabrication techniques widely utilized in the microelectronics industry to fabricate microminiaturized analyzers1,2. These devices have simplified and improved various steps in typical genetic test procedures, such as cell isolation and selection, nucleic acid extraction, amplification (PCR, RTR-PCR, LCR) and quantitation of nucleic acids (e.g., quantitative microchip capillary electrophoresis of PCR amplicons)3–5. More importantly integration of the analytical steps in nucleic acid assays can be achieved in a microchip format (lab-on-a-chip)6. For example, an integrated microchip was developed that performs cell isolation, cell lysis, nucleic acid purification and recovery in nanoliter volumes 7,8. Other microchips combine various steps such as DNA amplification and capillary electrophoresis9 or electrochemical detection10.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 1009 Bluemle Life Sciences Building, 233 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA

    Paolo Fortina

  2. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

    Joseph Wang

  3. Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Saul Surrey

  4. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Jason Y. Park & Larry J. Kricka

Authors
  1. Paolo Fortina
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  2. Joseph Wang
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  3. Saul Surrey
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  4. Jason Y. Park
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  5. Larry J. Kricka
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paolo Fortina .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Osmetech Molecular Diagnostics, Pasadena, California, USA

    Robin Hui Liu Ph.D.

  2. University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA

    Abraham P. Lee Ph.D.

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© 2007 Landes Bioscience and Springer Science+Business Media

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Fortina, P., Wang, J., Surrey, S., Park, J.Y., Kricka, L.J. (2007). Beyond Microtechnology—Nanotechnology in Molecular Diagnosis. In: Liu, R.H., Lee, A.P. (eds) Integrated Biochips for DNA Analysis. Biotechnology Intelligence Unit. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76759-8_13

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