Male aggression was the first behavior studied in inbred strains of mice. Differences were found by Scott (1942) and by Ginsburg and Allee (1942) across the same three inbred strains. Here was the first evidence that genetic variants may have an effect on individual differences in male mouse aggression. These two studies also showed the first strain by environment interaction for a mouse behavior. When C57BL/10 mice were transferred from cage to cage by picking them up by forceps on the tail, they were more aggressive than when they were transferred from cage to cage in a small box or allowed to do so on their own. This treatment had no effect on the aggressive behaviors of the other strains (C3H and Bagg albino [BALB/c]). This finding was replicated (Ginsburg & Jummonville, 1967). Also, the study of Ginsburg and Allee showed for the first time that individual difference in aggression suspected to be due to genes could be modified by experience. Mice of the most pacific strain could be rendered aggressive by helping them to win fights, and mice of the most pugnacious strain could be rendered pacific by subjecting them to a series of defeats.
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Maxson, S.C. (2009). The Genetics of Offensive Aggression in Mice. In: Kim, YK. (eds) Handbook of Behavior Genetics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76727-7_21
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