The following sections of this chapter will discuss three topics relating to positive electrodes in aqueous electrolyte battery systems, the manganese dioxide electrode, the “nickel” electrode, and the so-called memory effect that is found in batteries that have “nickel” positive electrodes.
The first of these deals with a very common material, MnO2, which is used in the familiar “alkaline” cells that are found in a very large number of small portable electronic devices. This electrode operates by a simple proton insertion reaction.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
P. Ruetschi, J. Electrochem. Soc. 131, 2737 (1984)
P. Ruetschi and R. Giovanoli, J. Electrochem. Soc. 135, 2663 (1988)
J.J. Coleman, Trans. Electrochem. Soc. 90, 545 (1946)
I. Barin, Thermochemical Data of Pure Substances, VCH, New York (1995)
M. Pourbaix, Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria, Pergamon Press, New York (1966)
S. Stotz and C. Wagner, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 70, 781 (1966)
A. Netz, W.F. Chu, V. Thangadurai, R.A. Huggins and W. Weppner, Ionics 5, 426 (1999)
R.A. Huggins, J. Power Sources 153, 365 (2006)
H. Bode, K. Dehmelt and J. Witte, Electrochim. Acta 11, 1079 (1966)
P. Oliva, et al., J. Power Sources 8, 229 (1982)
C. Faure, et al., J. Power Sources 35, 249 (1991)
C. Faure, C. Delmas and P. Willmann, J. Power Sources 35, 263 (1991)
C. Faure, C. Delmas and M. Fouassier, J. Power Sources 35, 279 (1991)
C. Delmas, in Solid State Ionics II, G.-A. Nazri, D. F. Shriver, R. A. Huggins and M. Balkanski,Eds., Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA (1991), p. 335
C. Delmas, et al., Solid State Ionics 28–30, 1132 (1988)
G.W.D. Briggs, E. Jones and W.F.K. Wynne-Jones, Trans. Faraday Soc. 51, 394 (1955)
F.P. Kober and J. Electrochem. Soc. 112, 1064 (1965)
B.E. Conway and P.L. Bourgault, Can. J. Chem. 37, 292 (1959)
E.M. Kuchinskii and B.V. Erschler, J. Phys. Chem. (USSR) 14, 985 (1940)
G.W.D. Briggs and M. Fleischmann, Trans. Faraday Soc. 67, 2397 (1971)
R. Barnard, C.F. Randell and F.L. Tye, J. Appl. Electrochem. 10, 109 (1980)
R.W. Crocker and R.H. Muller, Presented at the Meeting of the Electrochemical Society,Toronto (1992)
R.A. Huggins, in Fast Ion Transport in Solids, P.P. Vashishta, J.N. Mundy and G. K. Shenoy,Eds., North-Holland, Amsterdam (1979), p. 53
W. Weppner and R.A. Huggins, Solid State Ionics 1, 3 (1980)
N.A. Godshall, I.D. Raistrick and R.A. Huggins, Mater. Res. Bull. 15, 561 (1980)
N.A. Godshall, I.D. Raistrick and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc. 131, 543 (1984)
J. Balej and J. Divisek, Presented at the Meeting of the Bunsengesellschaft, Wien (1992).
R.A. Huggins, M. Wohlfahrt-Mehrens and L. Jö rissen, Presented at Symposium on Intercalation Chemistry and Intercalation Electrodes, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society,Hawaii (1993)
P.C. Milner and U.B. Thomas, in Advances in Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering, C.W. Tobias, Ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York (1967), p. 1
R. Barnard, G.T. Crickmore, J.A. Lee and F.L. Tye, J. Appl. Electrochem. 10, 61 (1980)
B. Klapste, K. Mickja, J. Mrha and J. Vondrak, J. Power Sources 8, 351 (1982)
A.H. Zimmerman and P.K. Effa, J. Electrochem. Soc. 131, 709 (1984)
H.S. Lim and S.A. Verzwyvelt, J. Power Sources 22, 213 (1988)
H. Vaidyanathan, J. Power Sources 22, 221 (1988)
J. McBreen, Mod. Aspects Electrochem. 21, 29 (1990)
A.H. Zimmerman, in Nickel Hydroxide Electrode, Vol. 90–94, D.A. Corrigan and A.H.Zimmerman, Eds., Electrochem. Soc. Proc., The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ (1990), p. 311
A.H. Zimmerman, Proc. IECEC 4, 63 (1994)
P. Wilde, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Ulm, Germany (1996)
N. Sac-Epee, M.R. Palacín, B. Beaudoin, A. Delahaye-Vidal, T. Jamin, Y. Chabre and J.-M.Tarascon, J. Electrochem. Soc. 144, 3896 (1997)
N. Sac-Epee, M.R. Palacìn, A. Delahaye-Vidal, Y. Chabre and J.-M. Tarâscon, J. Electrochem.Soc. 145, 1434 (1998)
C. Leger, C. Tessier, M. Ménétrier, C. Denage and C. Delmas, J. Electrochem. Soc. 146,924 (1999)
F. Fourgeot, S. Deabate, F. Henn and M. Costa, Ionics 6, 364 (2000)
S. Deabate, F. Fourgeot and F. Henn, Ionics 6, 415 (2000)
F. Barde, M.R. Palacin, Y. Chabre, O. Isnard and J.-M. Tarascon, Chem. Mater. 16,3936 (2004)
R.A. Huggins, Solid State Ionics 177, 2643 (2006)
R.A. Huggins, J. Power Sources 165, 640 (2007)
R.A. Huggins, M. Wohlfahrt-Mehrens and L. Jö rissen, Presented at Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Hawaii (1992)
R.A. Huggins, M. Wohlfahrt-Mehrens and L. Jörissen, in Solid State Ionics III, G.-A. Nazri,J.-M. Tarascon and M. Armand, Eds., Materials Research Society Proceedings 293,Pittsburgh, PA (1993), p. 57
R.A. Huggins, H. Prinz, M. Wohlfahrt-Mehrens, L. Jörissen and W. Witschel, Solid State Ionics 70/71, 417 (1994)
C. Greaves, M.A. Thomas and M. Turner, Power Sources 9, 163 (1983)
C. Greaves, A.M. Malsbury and M.A. Thomas, Solid State Ionics 18/19, 763 (1986)
A.M. Malsbury and C. Greaves, J. Solid State Chem. 71, 418 (1987)
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
(2009). Positive Electrodes in Aqueous Systems. In: Advanced Batteries. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76424-5_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76424-5_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-76423-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-76424-5
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)