Skip to main content

Identification of Impact Odorants of Wines

  • Chapter
Wine Chemistry and Biochemistry

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 229.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Refernces

  • Abbot, N., Etiévant, P., Langlois, D., Lesschaeve, I., and Issanchou, S. (1993). Evaluation of the representativiness of the odor of beer extracts prior to analysis by GC Eluate Sniffing. J. Agric. Food Chem., 41, 777–780.

    Google Scholar 

  • Acree, T.E., Barnard, J., and Cunningham, D.G. (1984). A procedure for the sensory analysis of gas chromatographic effluents. Food Chem., 14, 273–286.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, M.S., Lacey, M.J., and Boyd, S. (1994). Determination of methoxypyrazines in red wines by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Agric. Food Chem., 42, 1734–1738.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amoore, J.E. (1977). Specific anosmia and concept of primary odors. Chem. Senses Flavor, 2, 267–281.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atanasova, B., Thomas-Danguin, T., Langlois, D., Nicklaus, S., and Etievant, P. (2004). Perceptual interactions between fruity and woody notes of wine. Flav. Frag. J., 19, 476–482.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aznar, M., López, R., Cacho, J.F., and Ferreira, V. (2001). Identification and quantification of impact odorants of aged red wines from Rioja. GC-olfactometry, quantitative GC-MS, and odor evaluation of HPLC fractions. J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 2924–2929.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bailly, S., Jerkovic, V., Marchand-Bryaert, J., and Collin, S. (2006). Aroma extraction dilution analysis of Sauternes wines. Key role of polyfunctional thiols. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54,7227–7234.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Belitz, H.D., and Grosch, W. (1988). Química de los Alimentos (Zaragoza, Ed. Acribia).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernet, C., Dirninger, N., Etievant, P., and Schaeffer, A. (1999). Evaluation of the odor representativeness of gewurztraminer wines extracts. Sci. Alim., 19, 701–709.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bernet, C., Dirninger, N., Claudel, P., Etievant, P., and Schaeffer, A. (2002). Application of finger span cross modality matching method (FSCM) by naive assessors for olfactometric discrimination of gewurztraminer wines. Lebens. Wiss. Technol., 35, 244–253.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boidron, J.N., Chatonnet, P., and Pons, M. (1988). Influence du bois sur certaines substances odorantes des vins. Conn. Vigne Vin, 22, 275–293.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buettner, A. (2004). Investigation of potent odorants and afterodor development in two Chardonnay wines using the buccal odor screening system (BOSS). J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 2339–2346.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cain, W.S., and Gent, J.F. (1991). Olfactory sensitivity – reliability, generality, and association with aging. J. Exp. Psychol. Human Percep. Perfor., 17, 382–391.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Camara, J.S., Marques, J.C., Alves, M.A., and Ferreira, A.C.S. (2004). 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone levels in fortified Madeira wines, Relationship to sugar content. J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 6765–6769.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Campo, E., Ferreira, V., Escudero, A., and Cacho, J. (2005). Prediction of the wine sensory properties related to grape variety from dynamic-headspace gas chromatography-olfactometry data. J. Agric. Food Chem., 53, 5682–5690.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Campo, E., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2006a). Multidimensional chromatographic approach applied to the identification of novel aroma compounds in wine – Identification of ethyl cyclohexanoate, ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate and ethyl 2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate. J. Chromatogr. A., 1137, 223–230.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Campo, E., Ferreira, V., Escudero, A., Marques, J.C., and Cacho, J. (2006b). Quantitative gas chromatography-olfactometry and chemical quantitative study of the aroma of four Madeira wines. Anal. Chim. Acta, 563, 180–187.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, D.M., Thorngate, J.H., Matthews, M.A., Guinard, J.X., and Ebeler, S.E. (2004). Yield effects on 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine concentration in Cabernet Sauvignon using a solid phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 5431–5435.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chatonnet, P., Dubourdieu, D., Boidron, J.N., and Lavigne, V. (1993). Synthesis of volatile phenols by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in wines. J. Sci. Food Agric., 62, 191–201.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cullere, L., Aznar, M., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2003). Fast fractionation of complex organic extracts by normal-phase chromatography on a solid-phase extraction polymeric sorbent – Optimization of a method to fractionate wine flavor extracts. J. Chromatogr. A., 1017, 17–26.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cullere, L., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2004a). Analysis for wine C5-C8 aldehydes through the determination of their O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)oximes formed directly in the solid phase extraction cartridge. Anal. Chim. Acta, 524, 201–206.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cullere, L., Escudero, A., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2004b). Gas chromatography-olfactometry and chemical quantitative study of the aroma of six premium quality Spanish aged red wines. J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 1653–1660.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cutzach, I., Chatonnet, P., and Dubourdieu, D. (1998). Study on sweet natural non Muscat wine aroma. I. Qualitative analysis of sweet natural wine aroma found during ageing. J. Int. Sci. Vigne Vin, 32, 99–110.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • da Costa, M.S., Goncalves, C., Ferreira, A., Ibsen, C., de Pinho, P.G., and Ferreira, A.C.S. (2004). Further insights into the role of methional and phenylacetaldehyde in lager beer flavor stability. J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 7911–7917.

    Google Scholar 

  • da Silva, M.A.A.P., Lundahl, D.S., and McDaniel, M.R. (1994). The capability and psychophysics of osme, a new GC-olfactometry technique. In Trends in flavour research, H. Maarse and D.G. Van der heij, eds. (Elsevier science B.V.), pp. 191–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darriet, P., Tominaga, T., Lavigne, V., Boidron, J.N., and Dubourdieu, D. (1995). Identification of a powerful aromatic component of Vitis vinifera L. var. Sauvignon wines: 4-mercapto-4-methylpentan-2-one. Flav. Frag. J., 10, 385–392.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Debonneville, C., Orsier, B., Flament, I., and Chaintreau, A. (2002). Improved hardware and software for quick gas chromatography-olfactometry using Charm and GC-“SNIF” analysis. Anal. Chem., 74, 2345–2351.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Escudero, A., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2000). Isolation and identification of odorants generated in wine during its oxidation: a gas chromatography-olfactometric study. Eur. Food Res. Technol., 211, 105–110.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Escudero, A., Gogorza, B., Melus, M.A., Ortin, N., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2004). Characterization of the aroma of a wine from Maccabeo. Key role played by compounds with low odor activity values. J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 3516–3524.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Escudero, A., Campo, E., Farina, L., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2007). Analytical characterization of the aroma of five premium red wines. Insights into the role of odor families and the concept of fruitiness of wines. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 4501–4510.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Etiévant, P.X., Callement, G., Langlois, D., Issanchou, S., and Coquibus, N. (1999). Odor intensity evaluation in gas chromatography – olfactometry by finger span method. J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 1673–1680.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falcao, L.D., de Revel, G., Perello, M.C., Moutsiou, A., Zanus, M.C., and Bordignon-Luiz, M.T. (2007). A survey of seasonal temperatures and vineyard altitude influences on 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine, C-13-norisoprenoids, and the sensory profile of Brazilian Cabernet Sauvignon wines. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 3605–3612.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, W.L., and Qian, M.C. (2005). Headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-olfactometry dilution analysis of young and aged Chinese “Yanghe Daqu” liquors. J. Agric. Food Chem., 53, 7931–7938.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fang, Y., and Qian, M. (2005). Aroma compounds in Oregon Pinot Noir wine determined by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). Flav. Frag. J., 20, 22–29.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fedrizzi, B., Versini, G., Lavagnini, I., Nicolini, G., and Magno, F. (2007). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol and 3-mercaptohexyl acetate in wine A comparison of headspace solid phase microextraction and solid phase extraction methods. Anal. Chim. Acta, 596, 291–297.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, A.C.S., Barbe, J.C., and Bertrand, A. (2003). 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone, A key odorant of the typical aroma of oxidative aged Port wine. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 4356–4363.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Ardanuy, M., López, R., and Cacho, J.F. (1998a). Relationship between flavor dilution values and odor unit values in hydroalcoholic solutions: Role of volatility and a practical rule for its estimation. J. Agric. Food Chem., 46, 4341–4346.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., López, R., Escudero, A., and Cacho, J.F. (1998b). The aroma of Grenache red wine: Hierarchy and nature of its main odorants. J. Sci. Food Agric., 77, 259–267.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Hernandez-Orte, P., Escudero, A., López, R., and Cacho, J. (1999). Semipreparative reversed-phase liquid chromatographic fractionation of aroma extracts from wine and other alcoholic beverages. J. Chromatogr. A., 864, 77–88.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Aznar, M., López, R., and Cacho, J. (2001a). Quantitative gas chromatography-olfactometry carried out at different dilutions of an extract. Key differences in the odor profiles of four high-quality Spanish aged red wines. J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 4818–4824.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., López, R., and Aznar, M. (2001b). Olfactometry and aroma extract dilution analysis of wines. In analysis of taste and aroma, Volume 21, J. Jackson, ed. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag), pp. 89–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Ortin, N., Escudero, A., López, R., and Cacho, J. (2002a). Chemical characterization of the aroma of Grenache rose wines: Aroma extract dilution analysis, quantitative determination, and sensory reconstitution studies. J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 4048–4054.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Pet’ka, J., and Aznar, M. (2002b). Aroma extract dilution analysis. Precision and optimal experimental design. J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 1508–1514.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Jarauta, I., López, R., and Cacho, J. (2003a). Quantitative determination of sotolon, maltol and free furaneol in wine by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-ion-trap mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A., 1010, 95–103.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Pet’ka, J., Aznar, M., and Cacho, J. (2003b). Quantitative gas chromatography-olfactometry. Analytical characteristics of a panel of judges using a simple quantitative scale as gas chromatography detector. J. Chromatogr. A., 1002, 169–178.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Jarauta, I., Ortega, L., and Cacho, J. (2004). Simple strategy for the optimization of solid-phase extraction procedures through the use of solid-liquid distribution coefficients Application to the determination of aliphatic lactones in wine. J. Chromatogr. A., 1025,147–156.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Pet’ka, A., and Cacho, J. (2006). Intensity and persistence profiles of flavor compounds in synthetic solutions. Simple model for explaining the intensity and persistence of their aftersmell. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 489–496.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, V., Ortin, N., and Cacho, J.F. (2007). Optimization of a procedure for the selective isolation of some powerful aroma thiols – Development and validation of a quantitative method for their determination in wine. J. Chromatogr. A, 1143, 190–198.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fretz, C., Kanel, S., Luisier, J.L., and Amado, R. (2005). Analysis of volatile components of Petite Arvine wine. Eur. Food Res. Technol., 221, 504–510.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gomez-Miguez, M.J., Cacho, J.F., Ferreira, V., Vicario, I.M., and Heredia, F.J. (2007). Volatile components of Zalema white wines. Food Chem., 100, 1464–1473.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grob, K., Grob, G., and Grob, K. (1981). Testing capillary gas-chromatographic columns. J. Chromatogr., 219, 13–20.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grosch, W. (1993). Detection of potent odorants in foods by aroma extract dilution analysis. Trends Food Sci. Technol., 4, 68–73.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guarrera, N., Campisi, S., and Asmundo, C.N. (2005). Identification of the odorants of two passito wines by gas chromatography-olfactometry and sensory analysis. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 56,394–399.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guichard, H., Guichard, E., Langlois, D., Issanchou, S., and Abbott, N. (1995). GC sniffing analysis – olfactive intensity measurement by 2 methods. Z. Lebensm. Unter. Forsch., 201,344–350.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gurbuz, O., Rouseff, J.M., and Rouseff, R.L. (2006). Comparison of aroma volatiles in commercial Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon wines using gas chromatography – Olfactometry and gas chromatography – Mass spectrometry. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 3990–3996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guth, H. (1997a). Identification of character impact odorants of different white wine varieties. J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 3022–3026.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guth, H. (1997b). Quantitation and sensory studies of character impact odorants of different white wine varieties. J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 3027–3032.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GC-Sniffer 9000. Product brochure (2008).http://www.chromtech.de/index/php?CAT=635&SUBCAT=527& page=269.

  • IUPAC (1997). Compendium of chemical terminology, 2nd ed. http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/R05360.pdf.

  • Komes, D., Ulrich, D., and Lovric, T. (2006). Characterization of odor-active compounds in Croatian Rhine Riesling wine, subregion Zagorje. Eur. Food Res. Technol., 222, 1–7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kotseridis, Y., and Baumes, R. (2000). Identification of impact odorants in Bordeaux red grape juice, in the commercial yeast used for its fermentation, and in the produced wine. J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 400–406.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kotseridis, Y., Baumes, R.L., Bertrand, A., and Skouroumounis, G.K. (1999). Quantitative determination of 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine in red wines and grapes of Bordeaux using a stable isotope dilution assay. J. Chromatogr. A., 841, 229–237.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Le Fur, Y., Mercurio, V., Moio, L., Blanquet, J., and Meunier, J.M. (2003). A new approach to examine the relationships between sensory and gas chromatography-olfactometry data using generalized procrustes analysis applied to Six French Chardonnay wines. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 443–452.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Le Guen, S., Prost, C., and Demaimay, M. (2000). Critical comparison of three olfactometric methods for the identification of the most potent odorants in cooked mussels (Mytilus edulis). J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 1307–1314.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ledauphin, J., Barillier, D., and Beljean-Leymarie, M. (2006a). Gas chromatographic quantification of aliphatic aldehydes in freshly distilled Calvados and Cognac using 3-methylbenzothiazolin-2-one hydrazone as derivative agent. J. Chromatogr. A., 1115, 225–232.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ledauphin, J., Basset, B., Cohen, S., Payot, T., and Barillier, D. (2006b). Identification of trace volatile compounds in freshly distilled Calvados and Cognac: Carbonyl and sulphur compounds. J. Food Comp. Anal., 19, 28–40.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, S.J., and Noble, A.C. (2003). Characterization of odor-active compounds in Californian Chardonnay wines using GC-olfactometry and GC-mass spectrometry. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 8036–8044.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lopez, P., Batlle, R., Nerin, C., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2007). Use of new generation poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) resins for gas-phase trapping-thermal desorption – Application to the retention of seven volatile organic compounds. J. Chromatogr. A., 1139, 36–44.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • López, R., Ferreira, V., Hernandez, P., and Cacho, J.F. (1999). Identification of impact odorants of young red wines made with Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache grape varieties: a comparative study. J. Sci. Food Agric., 79, 1461–1467.

    Google Scholar 

  • López, R., Ferreira, V., Culleré, L., Grasa, C., and Cacho, J. (2003a). Improvements for the analytical chemistry of flavours obtained from the use of new-generation polymeric sorbents. In Flavour Research at the Dawn of the Twenty-first Century, Proceedings of the 10th Weurman Flavour Research Symposium, J.L.L. Quéré and P.X. Etievant, eds. (Paris: Lavoisier, Ed. TecandDoc, 2003. ISBN 2-7430-0639-0), pp. pp. 662–665.

    Google Scholar 

  • López, R., Ortin, N., Perez-Trujillo, J.P., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2003b). Impact odorants of different young white wines from the Canary Islands. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 3419–3425.

    Google Scholar 

  • López, R., Ezpeleta, E., Sanchez, I., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2004). Analysis of the aroma intensities of volatile compounds released from mild acid hydrolysates of odourless precursors extracted from Tempranillo and Grenache grapes using gas chromatography-olfactometry. Food Chem., 88, 95–103.

    Google Scholar 

  • López, R., Lapena, A.C., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2007). Quantitative determination of wine highly volatile sulfur compounds by using automated headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-pulsed flame photometric detection – Critical study and optimization of a new procedure. J. Chromatogr. A., 1143, 8–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marti, M.P., Mestres, M., Sala, C., Busto, O., and Guasch, J. (2003). Solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography olfactometry analysis of successively diluted samples. A new approach of the aroma extract dilution analysis applied to the characterization of wine aroma. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 7861–7865.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mateo-Vivaracho, L., Ferreira, V., and Cacho, J. (2006). Automated analysis of 2-methyl-3-furanthiol and 3-mercaptohexyl acetate at ng L-1 level by headspace solid-phase microextracion with on-fibre derivatisation and gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometric determination. J. Chromatogr. A., 1121, 1–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mateo-Vivaracho, L., Cacho, J., and Ferreira, V. (2007). Quantitative determination of wine polyfunctional mercaptans at nanogram per liter level by gas chromatography-negative ion mass spectrometric analysis of their pentafluorobenzyl derivatives. J. Chromatogr. A., 1146,242–250.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDaniel, M.R., Miranda-López, R., Walson, B.T., Micheals, N.J., and Libbey, L.M. (1990). Pinot Noir aroma: A sensory/gas chromatographic approach. In Flavors and Off-Flavors, G. Charalambous, ed. (Amsterdam: Elsevier), pp. 23–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mestres, M., Busto, O., and Guasch, J. (2000). Analysis of organic sulfur compounds in wine aroma. J. Chromatogr. A., 881, 569–581.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miranda-Lopez, R., Libbey, L.M., Watson, B.T., and McDaniel, M.R. (1992). Odor analysis of Pinot Noir wines from grapes of different maturities by a gas chromatography-olfactometry technique (osme). J. Food Sci., 57, 985–993 and 1019.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moio, L., Chambellant, E., Lesschaeve, I., Issanchou, S., Schlich, P., and Etievant, P.X. (1995). Production of representative wine extracts for chemical and olfactory analysis. It. J. Food Sci., 7, 265–278.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Molyneux, R.J., and Schieberle, P. (2007). Compound identification: A Journal of agricultural and food chemistry perspective. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 4625–4629.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moreno, J.A., Zea, L., Moyano, L., and Medina, M. (2005). Aroma compounds as markers of the changes in sherry wines subjected to biological ageing. Food Control, 16, 333–338.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murat, M., Tominaga, T., and Dubourdieu, D. (2001). Mise en évidence de composés clefs dans l’arôme des vins rosés et clairets de Bordeaux. J. Int. Sci. Vigne Vin, 35, 99–105.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ong, P.K.C., and Acree, T.E. (1999). Similarities in the aroma chemistry of Gewurztraminer variety wines and lychee (Litchi chinesis Sonn.) fruit. J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 665–670.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pet’ka, J., Ferreira, V., and Cacho, J. (2005). Posterior evaluation of odour intensity in gas chromatography-olfactometry: comparison of methods for calculation of panel intensity and their consequences. Flavour Frag. J., 20, 278–287.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pet’ka, J., Ferreira, V., Gonzalez-Vinas, M.A., and Cacho, J. (2006). Sensory and chemical characterization of the aroma of a white wine made with Devin grapes. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 909–915.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollien, P., Ott, A., Montignon, F., Baumgartner, M., Munoz-Box, R., and Chaintreau, A. (1997). Hyphenated headspace Gas chromatography sniffing technique : screening of impact odorants and quantitative aromagram comparisons. J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 2630–2637.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollien, P., Fay, L.B., Baumgartner, M., and Chaintreau, A. (1999). First attempt of odorant quantitation using gas chromatography-olfactometry. Anal. Chem., 71, 5391–5397.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Priser, C., Etievant, P.X., Nicklaus, S., and Brun, O. (1997). Representative champagne wine extracts for gas chromatography olfactometry analysis. J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 3511–3514.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prouteau, C., Schneider, R., Lucchese, Y., Nepveu, F., Renard, R., and Vaca-Garcia, C. (2004). Improving headspace-solid-phase microextraction of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine by experimental design with regard to stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of wine. Anal. Chim. Acta, 513, 223–227.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Punter, P.H. (1983). Measurement of human olfactory thresholds for several groups of structurally related compounds. Chem. Senses, 7, 215–235.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rauhut, D., Kurbel, H., Macnamara, K., and Grossmann, M. (1998). Headspace GC-SCd Monitoring of Low Volatile Sulfur-Compounds During Fermentation and in Wine. Analusis, 26, 142–145.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruth, S.M.v., Roozen, J.P., and Posthumus, M.A. (1995). Instrumental and sensory evaluation of the flavour of dried French beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) influenced by storage conditions. J. Sci. Food Agric., 69, 393–401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, D., Watkins, P., Smith, J., Allen, M., and Marriott, P. (2005). Analysis of methoxypyrazines in wine using headspace solid phase microextraction with isotope dilution and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography. J. Sep. Sci., 28, 1075–1082.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sala, C., Mestres, M., Marti, M.P., Busto, O., and Guasch, J. (2002). Headspace solid-phase microextraction analysis of 3-alkyl-2-methoxypyrazines in wines. J. Chromatogr. A., 953, 1–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarrazin, E., Dubourdieu, D., and Darriet, P. (2007). Characterization of key-aroma compounds of botrytized wines, influence of grape botrytization. Food Chem., 103, 536–545.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schieberle, P., and Grosch, W. (1987). Evaluation of the flavour of wheat and rey bread crusts by aroma extract dilution analysis. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch., 185, 111–113.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, R., Kotseridis, Y., Ray, J.L., Augier, C., and Baumes, R. (2003). Quantitative determination of sulfur-containing wine odorants at sub parts per billion levels. 2. Development and application of a stable isotope dilution assay. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 3243–3248.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Serot, T., Prost, C., Visna, L., and Burcea, M. (2001). Identification of the main odor-active compounds in musts from french and romanian hybrids by three olfactometric methods. J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 1909–1914.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stevens, S.S. (1975). Psychophysics. pp. 99–133, Wiley: New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stevens, S.S., and Stone, G. (1959). Finger span: Ratio scale, category scale and JND scale. J. Exp. Psychol., 57, 91–95.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tat, L., Comuzzo, P., Battistutta, F., and Zironi, R. (2007). Sweet-like off-flavor in aglianico del vulture wine: Ethyl phenylacetate as the mainly involved compound. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 5205–5212.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tominaga, T., and Dubourdieu, D. (2006). A novel method for quantification of 2-methyl-3-furanthiol and 2-furanmethanethiol in wines made from Vitis vinifera grape varieties. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 29–33.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tominaga, T., Murat, M.L., and Dubourdieu, D. (1998). Development of a method for analyzing the volatile thiols involved in the characteristic aroma of wines made from Vitis-Vinifera L. CV Sauvignon Blanc. J. Agric. Food Chem., 46, 1044–1048.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ullrich, F., and Grosch, W. (1987). Identification of the most intense volatile flavour compounds formed during autoxidation of linoleic acid. Z. Lebensm. Untersch. Forsch., 184, 277–282.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Ruth, S.M. (2004). Evaluation of two gas chromatography-olfactometry methods: the detection frequency and perceived intensity method. J. Chromatogr. A., 1054, 33–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Wyk, C.J., Augustyn, O.P.H., De Wet, P., and Joubert, W.A. (1979). Isoamyl acetate, a key fermentation volatile of wines of vitis vinifera cv. Pinotage. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 30, 167–173.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ferreira, V., Cacho, J. (2009). Identification of Impact Odorants of Wines. In: Moreno-Arribas, M.V., Polo, M.C. (eds) Wine Chemistry and Biochemistry. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74118-5_18

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics