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Computer-Assisted Orthopedic Surgery

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Image-Guided Interventions

Orthopedic surgeons treat musculoskeletal disorders such as arthritis, scoliosis, and trauma, which collectively affect hundreds of millions of people and are the leading cause of pain and disability. In this chapter, the main technical developments related to computer-assisted surgery (CAS) in several key areas of orthopedic surgery are reviewed: hip and knee replacements, spine surgery, and fracture repair. We also assess the evaluations of these systems performed to date, with a particular focus on the value proposition that CAS needs to deliver in order for it to become widely accepted. This means it must demonstrate better performance, less operating room time, and reduced costs. We describe several systems for both hip and knee replacement that are based on computed tomographic (CT) images, intraoperative fluoroscopy, or image-free kinematic techniques, and in each domain consider both manual and robotic systems. Future work in computer-assisted orthopedic surgery will include efforts to develop newer technologies such as 3D ultrasound and ever less invasive procedures, but it must also concentrate on improving operative workflow, to transfer the benefits of improved accuracy to nonspecialist orthopedic surgeons working in community hospitals, where the case volumes are lower than in specialized centers. Linkages between improved accuracy during surgery and improved functional outcomes for the patients must be demonstrated for these technologies to be widely accepted.

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  1. Centre for Hip Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Antony Hodgson

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    Terry Peters

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    Kevin Cleary

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Hodgson, A. (2008). Computer-Assisted Orthopedic Surgery. In: Peters, T., Cleary, K. (eds) Image-Guided Interventions. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73858-1_12

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