One form of central respiratory neuroplasticity is long-term facilitation (LTF), a long-lasting increase in breathing that arises following acute exposure to intermittent, but not continuous, hypoxia (Baker and Mitchell 2000). Respiratory LTF is a serotonin-dependent (Baker-Herman and Mitchell 2002) type of plasticity and is characterized by a persistent augmentation in respiratory frequency and/or inspiratory amplitude, with the cardinal feature being that breathing outlasts (> 1 h) the initial hypoxic stimuli. LTF and its underlying mechanisms have been documented in a variety of model systems including freely-behaving rodents, anaesthetized cats and rodents as well as in the isolated respiratory network in vitro (Baker-Herman and Mitchell 2002; Cao, Zwillich, Berthon-Jones and Sullivan 1992; Kline, Overholt and Prabhakar 2002; Olson, Bohne, Dwinell, Podolsky, Vidruk, Fuller, Powell and Mitchel 2001; Blitz and Ramirez 2002).
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Tadjalli, A., Duffin, J., Peever, J. (2008). Intermittent Hypoxia Induces Respiratory Long-Term Facilitation in Postnatal Rats. In: Poulin, M.J., Wilson, R.J.A. (eds) Integration in Respiratory Control. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 605. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73693-8_41
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