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Oxidative Damage to Nucleic Acids pp 67–80Cite as

OGG1: From Structural Analysis to the Knockout Mouse

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Part of the book series: Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit ((MBIU))

Abstract

Among the four DNA bases, guanine, having the lowest redox potential, is the most susceptible to oxidation, and among the oxidized bases 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) is certainly the lesion that has retained most attention over many years. This altered base can pair with A as well as C residues during replication. Eukaryotic cells use a specific DNA glycosylase, 8-oxoG DNA glycosylase (OGG1), to excise 8-oxoG from DNA, and repair-deficient cells are characterized by an increased G to T transversion frequency. It is essential that OGG1 has the ability to distinguish between 8-oxoG:C and 8-oxoG:A pairs and only removes 8-oxoG paired with C. This review will discuss the structural basis for OGG1 damage recognition and specificity as well as the literature on the biological consequences of OGG1 deficiency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience and Institute of Medical Microbiology, Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet, N-0027, Oslo, Norway

    Arne Klungland, Jon K. Laerdahl & Torbjørn Rognes

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  1. Arne Klungland
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  2. Jon K. Laerdahl
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Radiation and Oxidative Stress Group Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine RKCSB, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK

    Mark D. Evans B.Sc., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine and Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK

    Marcus S. Cooke B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D.

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Klungland, A., Laerdahl, J.K., Rognes, T. (2007). OGG1: From Structural Analysis to the Knockout Mouse. In: Evans, M.D., Cooke, M.S. (eds) Oxidative Damage to Nucleic Acids. Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72974-9_5

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