Skip to main content

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adlakha AL, Sullivan JM, Abernathy JR (1980) Recent trends in the methodology of demographic surveys in developing countries. Proceedings of the section on survey research methods of the American Statistical Association, pp 60–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Alston P (1983) The alleged demise of political human rights at the UN: A reply to donnelly. International Organization 37:537–546

    Google Scholar 

  • American Association for the Advancement of Science Science and Human Rights Program (AAAS-SHRP), American Bar Association Central and East European Law Initiative (ABA-CEELI) (2000) Political killings in Kosova/Kosovo, March–June 1999: a cooperative report by the Central and East European law initiative of the American Bar Association and the science and human rights program of the American association for the advancement of science. ABA Central and East European Law Initiative, Washington DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Amowitz L, Kim G, Reis C, Asher J, Iacopino V (2004) Letter from Iraq: a population-based assessment of health and human rights in southern Iraq. Journal of the American Medical Association 291:1471–1479

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Applebaum A (2003) Gulag: a history. Doubleday, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashagrie K (2000) Current progress in implementing new methods and conducting innovative surveys for measuring exploitation of children. International Association for Official Statistics (IAOS) Conference “Statistics, Development and Human Rights” (www.portal-stat.admin.ch/iaos2000/ashagrie_final_final_paper.doc accessed March 2, 2005).

    Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong JD (1985) The International Committee of the Red Cross and political prisoners. International Organization 39:615–642

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball MM (1961) Issue for the Americas: Non-intervention v. human rights and the preservation of democratic institutions. International Organization 15:21–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball P (2000) The Guatemalan Commission for historical clarification: intersample analysis. Chapter 11 in Ball P, Spirer H, Spirer L (eds) Making the case: investigating large scale human rights violations using information systems and data analysis. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball P, Asher J, Sulmont D, Manrique, D (2003) How many Peruvians have died? An estimate of the total number of victims killed or disappeared in the armed internal conflict between 1980 and 2000. AAAS, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball P, Betts W, Scheuren F, Dudukovich J, Asher J (2002) Killings and refugee flow in Kosovo March–June 1999: a report to the international criminal tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. AAAS, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball P, Spirer HF, Spirer L, (eds) (2000) Making the case: investigating large scale human rights violations using information systems and data analysis. AAAS, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball P, Scheuren F, Seltzer W, Spirer HF (1999) Multiple or N-System estimates of the number of political killings in Guatemala. Proceedings of the section on government statistics and section on social statistics. American Statistical Association, Alexandria, pp 156–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnett MN (1997) The UN Security Council, indifference, and genocide in Rwanda. Cultural Anthropology 12:551–578

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bass GJ (2000) Stay the hand of vengeance: the politics of war crimes tribunals. Princeton University Press, Princeton

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett S, Radalowicz A, Vella V, Tomkins A (1994) A computer simulation of household sampling schemes for health surveys in developing countries. International Journal of Epidemiology 23:128–1291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bergsten JW (1980) Some sample survey design problems in Syria, Nepal and Somalia. Proceedings of the section on survey research methods of the American Statistical Association, pp 72–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Bilder RB (1964) The international promotion of human rights: a current assessment. American Journal of International Law 58:728–734

    Google Scholar 

  • Birmingham WB, Jahoda G (1955) A pre-election survey in a semi-literate society. Public Opinion Quarterly 19:140–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop YMM, Fienberg SE, Holland PH (1975) Discrete multivariate analysis: theory and practice. MIT Press, Cambridge

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Brass W (1996) Demographic data analysis in less developed countries: 1946–1996. Population Studies 50:451–467

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bulmer M, Warwick DP, (eds) (1993) Social research on developing countries: surveys and censuses in the third world. University College London Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Burgerman SD (2000) Building the peace by mandating reform: United Nations- mediated human rights agreements in El Salvador and Guatemala. Latin American Perspectives 27:63–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burnham G, Lafta R, Doocy S, Roberts L (2006) Mortality after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey. The Lancet 368:1421–1428

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carleton D, Stohl M (1987) The role of human rights in U.S. foreign assistance policy: a critique and reappraisal. American Journal of Political Science 31:1002–1018

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson BA, Kindel KK, Turner AG (1980) Survey design for control of measurement errors in developing countries. Proceedings of the section on survey research methods of the American Statistical Association, pp 66–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Casley DJ, Lury DA (1981) Data collection in developing countries. Oxford University Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Chander R, Grootaert C, Pyatt G (1980) Living standards surveys in developing countries. Proceedings of the section on survey research methods of the American Statistical Association, pp 83–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Conibere R, Asher J, Cibelli K, Dudukovich J, Kaplan R, Ball P (2004) Statistical appendix to the report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Sierra Leone: a report by the benetech human rights data analysis group and the American Bar Association Central European and Eurasian law initiative to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. (http://hrdag.org/resources/publications/SL-TRC-statistics-chapter-final.pdf accessed May 4, 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Corillon C (1989) The role of science and scientists in human rights. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 506:129–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cornell SE (1999) International reactions to massive human rights violations: the case of Chechnya. Europe–Asia Studies 51:85–100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danner M (1994) The massacre at El Mozote. Vintage Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Das T (1947) Human rights and the United Nations. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 252:53–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • David IP (1988) Sampling strategy for agricultural censuses and surveys in developing countries. Agricultural Statistics 2000, pp 83–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Donnelly J (1981) Recent trends in UN Human Rights activity: description and polemic. International Organization 35:633–655

    Google Scholar 

  • Donnelly J (1983) The human rights priorities of the UN: a rejoinder to Alston. International Organization 37:547–550

    Google Scholar 

  • Donnelly J (1986) International human rights: a regime analysis. International Organization 40:599–642

    Google Scholar 

  • Donnelly J (1988) Human rights at the United Nations 1955–85: the question of bias. International Studies Quarterly 32:275–303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donnelly J (1989) Universal human rights in theory and practice. Cornell University Press, Ithica

    Google Scholar 

  • Dugard J, Van den Wyngaert C (1998) Reconciling extradition with human rights. American Journal of International Law 92:187–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer DD (1977) The international protection of human rights. Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science 32:44–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer DD (1982) Reporting under the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: the first five years of the Human Rights Committee. American Journal of International Law 76:142–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Fitch DJ, Molina R, Barrientos T (2000) Weighting of survey data: is the view that such should not be attempted in developing countries reasonable? Proceedings of the section on survey research methods of the American Statistical Association, pp 764–769

    Google Scholar 

  • Forster D, Snow RW (1995) An assessment of the use of hand-held computers during demographic surveys in developing countries. Survey Methodology 21:179–184

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsythe DP (1976) The Red Cross as transnational movement: conserving and changing the nation-state system. International Organization 30:607–630

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsythe DP (1985) The United Nations and human rights, 1945–1985. Political Science Quarterly 100:249–269

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forsythe DP (1990) Human rights in U.S. foreign policy: retrospect and prospect. Political Science Quarterly 105:435–454

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forsythe DP (1998) Human rights fifty years after the universal declaration. PS: Political Science and Politics 31:505–511

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsythe DP (2000) Human rights in international relations. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Frey FW (1963) Surveying peasant attitudes in Turkey. Public Opinion Quarterly 27:335–355.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frey FW (1970) Cross-cultural survey research in political science. The methodology of comparative research. Free Press, New York, pp 173–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibsson JL, Gouws A (1999) Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa: attributions of blame and the struggle over apartheid. American Political Science Review 93:501–517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glendon MA (2001) A world made new: Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Random House, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldman N, Moreno L, Westoff CF (1989) Collection of survey data on contraception: an evaluation of an experiment in Peru. Studies in Family Planning 20:147–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gourevitch P (1998) We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families: stories from Rwanda. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Green R (1998) Non-combatant deaths in WWII (www.holocaust-history.org/∼ rjg/deaths.shtml accessed March 18, 2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg Research Inc. (1999a) Country report: Bosnia-Herzegovina. ICRC worldwide consultation on the rules of war. International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg Research Inc. (1999b) Country report: South Africa. ICRC worldwide consultation on the rules of war. International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Gutman R, Rieff D (eds) (1999) Crimes of war: what the public should know. W. W. Norton and Company, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagan J, Palloni A (2006) Death in Darfur. Science 313:1578–1579

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayner PB (2001) Unspeakable truths: confronting state terror and atrocity. Routledge, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Henkin L (1965) The United Nations and Human Rights. International Organization 19:504–517

    Google Scholar 

  • Human Rights Watch (2005) Entrenching impunity: government responsibility for international crimes in Darfur. Human Rights Watch, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Huntington D, Mensch B, Toubia N (1993) A new approach to eliciting information about induced abortion. Studies in Family Planning 24:120–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyman HH, Levine GN, Wright CR (1967) Studying expert informants by survey methods: a Cross-national inquiry. Public Opinion Quarterly 31:9–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • International Center for Transitional Justice (ICTJ) (2003) The applicability of the United Nations convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide to events which occurred during the early twentieth century: legal analysis prepared for the international center for transitional justice (www.ictj.org/images/content/0/9/092.pdf accessed April 30, 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jabine TB (1996) Comment on “Developing Samplers for Developing Countries.” International Statistical Review 64:153–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Jardine M (1999) East Timor: Genocide in paradise, 2nd edition. LPC Group, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • Jennings PJ, Swiss S (2000) Statistical information on violence against women during the civil war in Liberia (www.portal-stat.admin.ch/iaos2000/jennings_final_paper.doc accessed Feburary 25, 2005)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jennings PJ, Swiss S (2001) Supporting local efforts to document human rights violations in armed conflict. The Lancet 357:302–303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johannsen RC (1983) Human rights in the 1980s: revolutionary growth or unanticipated erosion? World Politics 35:286–314

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaye ME (1997) The role of Truth Commissions in the search for justice, reconciliation and democratisation: The Salvadorean and Honduran cases. Journal of Latin American Studies 29:693–716

    Google Scholar 

  • Keck ME, Sikkink K (1998) Activists beyond borders: advocacy networks in international politics. Cornell University Press, Ithica

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiaer AN (1895) The representative method of sample surveys. English translation 1976, Statistik Centralbyro, Oslo

    Google Scholar 

  • Kish L (1995) The hundred years’ war of survey sampling. Statistics in Transition 2:813–830

    Google Scholar 

  • Kish L (1996) Developing samplers for developing countries. International Statistical Review 64:143–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Kunz JL (1949) The United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. American Journal of International Law 43:316–323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lauriat P (1967) Field experience in estimating population growth. Demography, 4:228–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Little RJA (1988) Some statistical analysis issues at the World Fertility Survey. The American Statistician 42:31–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Madigan FC, Abernathy JR, Herrin A, Tan C (1976) Purposive concealment of death in household surveys in Misamis Oriental province. Population Studies 30:295–303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahalanobis PC (1944) On large-scale sample surveys. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 231:329–451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marks ES, Seltzer W, Krotki KJ (1974) Population growth estimation: a handbook of vital statistics measurement. The Population Council, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayall J (1991) Non-intervention, self-determination and the “New World Order.” International Affairs 67:421–429

    Google Scholar 

  • McCormick JM, Mitchell N (1988) Is U.S. aid really linked to human rights in Latin America? American Journal of Political Science 32:231–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDougal MS, Bebr G (1964) Human rights in the United Nations. American Journal of International Law 58:603–641

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDougal MS, Lasswell HD, Chen L-C (1969) Human rights and world public order: a framework for policy-oriented inquiry. American Journal of International Law 63:237–269

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mejia R (2006) Grim statistics. Science 301:288–291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Metagora (2005) Pilot surveys on human rights issues (www.metagora.org/html/activities/act_ hr.html accessed February 24, 2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell NJ, McCormick JM (1988) Economic and political explanations of human rights violations. World Politics: A Quarterly Journal of International Relations 40:476–498

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell RE (1965a) Barriers to survey research in Asia and Latin America. The American Behavioral Scientist 9:6–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell RE (1965b) Survey materials collected in the developing countries: sampling, measurement, and interviewing obstacles to intra- and international comparisons. International Social Science Journal 17:665–685

    Google Scholar 

  • Murthy MN (1978) Use of sample surveys in national planning in developing countries. In Nambooditi NK (ed) Survey sampling and measurement. New York: Academic Press, pp 231–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Neier A (1989) Human rights in the Reagan era: acceptance in principle. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 506:30–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neuffer E (2001) The key to my neighbor’s house: seeking justice in Bosnia and Rwanda. Picador, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Neyman J (1934) On the two different aspects of the representation method: the method of stratified sampling and the method of purposive selection. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 97:558–606

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nolde OF (1953) Human rights and the United Nations: appraisal and next steps. Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science 25:39–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Physicians for Human Rights (2001) Endless brutality: war crimes in Chechnya. Physicians for human rights, Boston

    Google Scholar 

  • Human rights and economic aid allocation under Ronald Reagan and Jimmy Carter. American Journal of Political Science 36:147–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Poe SC, Meernick J (1995) US military aid in the 1980s: a global analysis. Journal of Peace Research 32:399–411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porpora DV (1990) How holocausts happen: The United States in Central America. Temple University Press, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Regan PM (1995) U.S. economic aid and political repression: an empirical evaluation of U.S. foreign policy. Political Research Quarterly 48:613–628

    Google Scholar 

  • Reisman WM (1990) Sovereignty and human rights in contemporary international law. American Journal of International Law 84:866–876

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts L, Lafta R, Garfield R, Khudhairi J, Burnham G (2004) Mortality before and after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: cluster sample survey (http://image.thelancet.com/extras/04art10342web.pdf accessed October 24, 2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Robertson G (1999) Crimes against humanity: the struggle for global justice. The New Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sabagh G, Scott C (1967) A comparison of different survey techniques for obtaining vital data in a developing country. Demography 4:759–772

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheuren F (2002) Survey sampling technology in human rights research. Amstat News 306:77–78 (www.amstat.org/sections/ssoc/accessed May 5, 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Scoble HM, Wiseberg LS (1974) Human rights and Amnesty International. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 413:11–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwelb E (1970) The international protection of human rights: a survey of recent literature. International Organization, 24:74–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Sekar CC, Deming WE (1949) On a method of estimating birth and death rates and the extent of registration. Journal of the American Statistical Association 44:101–115

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Semb AJ (2000) The new practice of UN-authorized interventions: a slippery slope of forcible interference? Journal of Peace Research 37:469–488

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shue H (1996) Basic rights: subsistence, affluence, and U.S. foreign policy, 2nd edn. Princeton University Press, Princeton

    Google Scholar 

  • Sikkink K (1998) Transnational politics, international relations theory, and human rights. PS: Political Science and Politics 31:516–523

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silva R and Ball P (2006) The profile of human rights violations in Timor-Leste, 1974–1999: a report by the benetech human rights data analysis group to the commission on reception, Truth and Reconciliation of Timor-Leste. Benetech, Palo Alto

    Google Scholar 

  • Slater J, Nardin T (1986) Nonintervention and human rights. The Journal of Politics 48:86–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sohn LB (1979) The improvement of the UN machinery on human rights. International Studies Quarterly 23:186–215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Som RK (1997) Surveys on nutritional status of children in developing countries. Proceedings of the Social Statistics Section of the American Statistical Association, pp 170–174

    Google Scholar 

  • Spirer HF, Spirer L (1993) Data analysis for monitoring human rights. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Stettinius Jr ER (1946) Human rights in the United Nations charter. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 243:1–3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sudetic C (1998) Blood and vengeance: one family’s story of the war in Bosnia. Penguin Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Tezcan S, Omran AR (1981) Prevalence and reporting of induced abortion in Turkey; Two survey techniques. Studies in Family Planning 12:262–271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thakur R (1994) Human rights: Amnesty International and the United Nations. Journal of Peace Research 31:143–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (2005) Household sample surveys in developing and transition countries. United Nations, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) (2005) Report on asylum seekers in expedited removal. USCIRF, Washington DC

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, U.S. State Department Bureau of Intelligence and Research (2004) Documenting atrocities in Darfur. U.S. State Department, State Publication 11182, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaessen M (1978) World fertility survey: The current situation. International Family Planning Perspectives and Digest 4:73–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verma V (1996) Comment on “Developing Samplers for Developing Countries.” International Statistical Review 64:156–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verma V, Scott C, O’Muircheartaigh C (1980) Sample designs and sampling errors for the world fertility survey. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A 143:431–473

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watkin K (2004) Controlling the use of force: a role for human rights norms in contemporary armed conflict. American Journal of International Law 98:1–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weissbrodt D (1987) Humanitarian law in armed conflict: the role of international nongovernmental organizations. Journal of Peace Research, 24:297–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Werful F, Dunlop G (translator) (1934) The 40 days of Musa Dagh. Viking, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Whiteman MM (1968) Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Human Rights Commission. American Journal of International Law 62:918–921

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang D (1999) Convergence or divergence? Recent historical writings on the rape of Nanjing. The American Historical Review 104:842–865

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yansaneh IS, Eltinge JL (2000) Design effect and cost issues for surveys in developing countries. Proceedings of the section on survey research methods of the American Statistical Association, pp 770–775

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Asher, J. (2008). Introduction. In: Asher, J., Banks, D., Scheuren, F.J. (eds) Statistical Methods for Human Rights. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72837-7_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics