Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Biology of the Aging Process and Its Clinical Consequences

  • Chapter
The Aging Kidney in Health and Disease

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 279.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Arking, R. The Biology of Aging: Observations and Principles, 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cournil, A., Kirkwood, T.B.L. If you would live long, choose your parents well. Trends Genet. 2001; 17:233–235.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirkwood, T.B.L. The origins of human ageing. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser. B, Biol. Sci. 1997; 352:1765–1772.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Medawar, P.B. An Unsolved Problem of Biology. London: Lewis, 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, G.C. Pleiotropy, natural selection and the evolution of senescence. Evolution 1957; 11:398–411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayflick, L., Moorhead, P.S. The limited in vitro lifetime of human diploid cell strains. Exp. Cell Res. 1961; 25:585–621.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peinado, M.A., del Moral, M.L., Esteban, F.J., Martínez-Lara, E., Siles, E., Jimenez, A., Hernández-Cobo, R., Blanco, S., Rodrigo, J., Pedrosa, A. Aging and neurodegeneration: Molecular and cellular bases. Rev. Neurol. 2000; 31:1054–1065.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Campisi, D., Dimri, G., Hara, E. Control of replicative senescence. In Handbook of the Biology of Aging, Schneider, E.L. and Rowe, J.W. eds.. San Diego: Academic Press. 1996, pp. 121–149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flurkey, K., Papaconstantinou, J., Miller, R.A., Harrison, D.E. Lifespan extension and delayed immune and collagen aging in mutant mice with defects in growth hormone production. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2001; 98:6736–6741.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harley, C.B., Futcher, A.B., Greider, C.W. Telomeres shorten during aging of human fibroblasts. Nature 1990; 345:458–460.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barja, G. Aging in vertebrates and the effect of caloric restriction: A mitochondrial free radical production-DNA damage mechanism? Biol. Rev. 2004; 79: 235–251.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barja, G., Herrero, A. Oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA is inversely related to maximum life span in the heart and brain of mammals. FASEB J. 2000; 14:312–318.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gredilla, R., Sanz, A., López-Torres, M., Barja, G. Caloric restriction decreases mitochondrial free radical generation at complex I and lowers oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA in the rat heart. FASEB J. 2001; 15:1589–1591.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gredilla, R., Barja, G. Caloric restriction, aging and oxidative stress. Endocrinology 2005; 146:3713–3717.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanz, A., Caro, P., Barja, G. Protein restriction without strong caloric restriction decreases mitochondrial oxygen radical production and oxidative DNA damage in rat liver. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 2004; 36:545–552.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sohal, R.S., Ku, H.H., Agarwal, S., Forster, M.J., Lal, H. Oxidative damage, mitochondrial oxidant generation and antioxidant defenses during aging and in response to food restriction. Mech. Ageing Dev. 1994; 74:121–133.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weindruch, R., Kayo, T., Lee, C.L., Prolla, T.A. Microfile profiling of gene expression in aging and its alteration by caloric restriction in mice. J. Nutr. 2001; 131:918S–923S.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barja, G. The flux of free radical attack through mitochondrial DNA is related to aging rate. Aging Clin. Exper. Res. 2000; 12:342–355.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petrini, J.H. The mammalian Mre11-Rad50-nbs1 protein complex: Integration of functions in the cellular damage response. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1999; 64:1264–1269.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gredilla, R., Barja, G., López-Torres, M. Effect of short-term caloric restriction on H2O2 production and oxidative DNA damage in rat liver mitochondria, and location of the free radical source. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 2001; 33:279–287.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pamplona, R., Portero-Otín, M., Bellmunt, M.J., Gredilla, R., Barja, G. Aging increases Nepsilon-(Carboxymethyl)lysine and caloric restriction decreases Nepsilon-(Carboxyethyl)lysine and Nepsilon-(Malondialdehyde)lysine in rat heart mitochondrial proteins. Free Rad. Res. 2002; 36:47–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grimley Evans, J., Bond, J. The challenges of age research. Age and Ageing 1997; 26–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkwood, T.B. p53 and ageing: Too much as a good thing. Bioassays 2002; 24:577–579.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orgel, L.E. The maintenance of the accuracy of protein synthesis and its relevance to aging. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1963; 49:5117–5521.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wayne, S.J., Rhyne, R.L., Garry, P.J., Goodwin, J.S. Cell-mediated immunity as a predictor of morbidity and mortality in subjects over 60. J. Gerontol. 1990; 45: M45–48.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De la Fuente, M. Effects of antioxidants on immune system ageing. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2002; 56:51–54

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De la Fuente, M. The immune system as a marker of health and longevity. Antiaging Med. 2004; 1:31–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guayerbas, N., Catalán, M., Victor, V.M., Miquel, J., De la Fuente, M. Relation of behaviour and macrophage function to life span in a murine model of premature immunosenescence. Brain Behav. Res. 2002; 134:41–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guayerbas, N., De la Fuente, M. An impairment of phagocytic function is linked to a shorter life span in two strains of prematurely-ageing mice. Develop. Comp. Immunol, 2003; 27:339–350.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De la Fuente, M., Hernanz, A., Vallejo, M.C. The immune system in the oxidation stress conditions of ageing and hypertension. Favorable effects of antioxidants and physical exercise. Antioxid. Redox Sign. 2005; 7:1356–1366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Victor, V.M., Rocha, M., Esplugues, J.V., De la Fuente, M. Role of free radicals in sepsis: Antioxidant therapy. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2005; 11:3141–3158.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De la Fuente, M., Baeza, I., Guayerbas, N., Puerto, M., Castillo, C., Salazar, V., Ariznavarreta, C., Tresguerres, J.A.F. Changes with ageing in several leukocyte functions of male and female rats. Biogerontology 2004; 5:389–400.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De la Fuente, M., Hernanz, A., Guayerbas, N., Puerto, M., Alvarez, P., Alvarado, C. Changes with age in peritoneal macrophage functions. Implication of leukocytes in the oxidative stress of senescence. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2004; 50:OL683–OL690.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De la Fuente, M., Medina, S. NPY and phagocytic cell functions. In The NPY Family of Peptides in Immune Disorders, Inflammation, Angiogenesis and Cancer, Z. Zukowska and G.Z. Feuerstein, eds. Basel/Switzerland: Birkhaüser Verlag. 2005, pp. 107–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blalock, J.E. The immune system as the sixth sense. J. Intern. Med. 2005; 257:126–138.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fabris, N. A neuroendocrine-immune theory of ageing. Int. J. Neurosci. 1990; 51:373–375.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ‘Puerto, M., Guayerbas, N., Alvarez, P., De la Fuente, M. Modulation of neuropeptide Y and norepinephrine on several leucocyte functions in adult, old and very old mice. J. Neuroimmunol. 2005; 165:33–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guayerbas, N., Puerto, M., Hernanz, A., Miquel, J., De la Fuente, M. Thiolic antioxidant supplementation of the diet reverses age-related behavioral dysfunction in prematurely ageing mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 2005; 80:45–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arce, V., Devesa, J. Hormona de crecimiento. In Tratado de Endocrinología Básica y Clínica. J.A.F. Tresguerres, ed. Madrid: Síntesis. 2000, pp. 337–378.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosen, T., Bengtsson, B.A. Premature mortality due to cardiovascular disease in hypopituitarism. Lancet 1990; 336:285–288.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toogood, A.A., Shalet, S.M. Ageing and growth hormone status. In Growth Hormone in Adults. Bailliere’s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, S.M. Shalet, ed. 1998; 12(2): 281–296.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cuttica, C.M., Castoldi, L., Gorrini, G.P., et al. Effects of six-month administration of rhGH to healthy elderly subjects. Ageing 1997; 9:193–197.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nyberg, F. GH in the brain: Characteristics of specific brain targets for the hormone and their functional significance. Front. Neuroendocrinol. 2000; 21:330–348.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vermeulen, A., Deslypere, J.P., De Merleir, K. A new look to the andropause: Altered function of the gonadotrops. J. Steroid Biochem. 1989; 32:163–165.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schiavi, R.S., Schreiner-Engel, P., Mandeli, J., et al. Healthy aging and male sexual function. Am. J. Psychiatry 1990; 147:766–771.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, M.M., Morrison, J.H. Estrogen and the ageing hippocampal synapse. Cereb Cortex. 2003; 13:1271–1275.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Groner, B. Transcription factor regulation in mammary epithelial cells. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 2002; 23:25–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackman, M.R. Pituitary hormones and ageing. Endocrinol, Metab, Clin, 1987; 16:981–994.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frago, L.M., Paneda, C., Dickson, S.L., et al. Growth hormone (GH) and GH-releasing peptide-6 increase brain insulin-like growth factor-I expression and activate intracellular signaling pathways involved in neuroprotection. Endocrinology 2002; 143:4113–4122.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Donda, A., Lemarchand-Beraud, T. Aging alters the activity of 5’-deiodinase in the adenohypophysis, thyroid gland, and liver of the male rat. Endocrinology 1989; 124(3):1305–1309.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montanini, V., Simoni, M., Chiossi, G., et al. Age-related changes in plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, cortisol, testosterone and free testosterone circulant rhythms in adult men. Horm. Res. 1988; 29:1–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, C.W., Peskind, E.R., Raskind, M.A. Decreased hipothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis sensitivity to cortisol feedback inhibition in human ageing. Neuroendocrinology 1997; 65:79–90.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vaag, A., Henriksen, J.E., Madsbad, S., et al. Insulin secretion, insulin action and hepatic glucose production in identical twins for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J. Clin. Invest. 1995; 95:690–698.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, H.L. The relation of the weight of the heart to the weight of the body and the weight of the heart to age. Am. Heart J. 1928; 4:79–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marcomichelakis, R., Withers, R., Newman, G.B., et al. Age related changes in the thickness of the interventricular septum, the posterior left ventricular wall, and their ratio. Int. J. Cardiol. 1983; 4:405–415.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olivetti, G., Melissari, M., Capasso, J.M., Anversa, P. Cardiomyopathy of the aging human heart. Myocite loss and reactive cellular hypertrophy. Circ. Res. 1991; 68:1560–1568.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lakatta, E.G. Cardiovascular aging research: The next horizons. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1999; 47:613–625.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wei, J.Y., Spurgeon, H.A., Lakatta, E.G. Excitation-contraction in rat myocardium: Alterations with adult aging. Am. J. Physiol. 1984; 246:H784.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benson, M.D. Aging, amyloid and cardiomyopathy. N. Engl. J. Med. 1997; 336:502–504.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henry, W.L., Gardin, J.M., Ware, J.H. Echocardiographic measurements in normal subjects from infancy to old age. Circulation 1980; 62:1054–1061.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lev, M. Aging changes in the human sinoatrial node. J. Gerontol. 1984; 39:1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lakatta, E.G. Diminished beta-adrenergic modulation of cardiovascular function in advanced age. Cardiol. Clin. 1986; 4:185–200.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kitzman, D.W., Edwards, W.D. Age-related changes in the anatomy of the normal human heart. J. Gerontol. 1990; 45(2) :M33–M39.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaballa, M.A., Jacob, C.T., Raya, T.E., Liu, J., Simon, B., Goldman, S. Large artery remodeling during aging: Biaxial passive and active stiffness. Hypertension 1998; 32:437–443.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, B.A., Elahi, D., Shannon, R.P., Wei, J.Y., Epstein, F.H. Influence of age and dose on the end-organ responses to atrial natriuretic peptide in humans. Am. J. Hypertens. 1991; 4:500–507.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bristow, M.R., Minobe, W., Rasmussen, R. et al. Beta-adrenergic neuroeffector abnormalities in the failing human heart are produced by local, rather than systemic mechanisms. J. Clin. Invest. 1992; 89:803–815.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knight, E.L., Kiely, D.K., Fish, L.C., Marcantonio, E.R., Minaker, K.L. Atrial natriuretic peptide level contributes to a model of future mortality in the oldest old. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1998; 46:453–457.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman, T.M., Horton, J.W., White, J., Larson, E.B., Bruce, R.A. Health benefits of exercise in an aging society. Arch. Intern. Med. 1987; 147:353–356.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lakatta, E.G. Changes in cardiovascular function in aging. Eur. Heart J. 1990; 11(Suppl C):22–29.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krumpe, P.E., Knudson, R.J., Parsons, G. The aging respiratory system. Clin. Geriatr. Med. 1986; 1:143–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, W.J. Physiologic changes in respiratory function. In Principles and Practice of Geriatric Surgery, R.A. Roshenthal, W.E. Zenilmen, and M.R. Katlic, eds. New York: Springer-Verlag. 2001, pp. 396–405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Age associated changes in pulmonary reserve. In Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine, 2nd ed., J. Grimley-Evans, J. Franklin Williams, B. Lynn Beattie, J.P. Michael, and G.K. Wilcock, eds. London: Oxford University Press. 2003, pp. 483–497.

    Google Scholar 

  • Renal hemodynamics in physiological states. In Physiology of the Human Kidney, L.G. Wesson, ed. New York: Grune and Stratton. 1969, p. 96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macías-Núñez, J.F., Cameron, J.S. The ageing kidney. In Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology, 3rd ed., A.L. Davison, J.S. Cameron, J.P. Grünfeld, et al., eds. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2005, pp. 73–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindeman, R.D. Overview: Renal physiology and pathophysiology of aging. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 1990; 16:275–282.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rowe, J., Shock, N.W., De Fronzo, R.A. The influence of age on the water deprivation in man. Nephron 1976; 17:270–278.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haug, H., Eggers, R. Morphometry of the human cortex cerebri and corpus striatum during aging. Neurobiol. Aging 1991; 12:336–338.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snowden, D.A. Healthy aging and dementia: Findings from the Nun Study. Ann. Inter. Med. 2003, 139:450–454.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snowden, D.A., Dane, L., Besson, G.L., et al. Is early natural menopause a biologic marker of health and aging? Am. J. Public Health 1989; 79:709–714.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pedigo, N.W. Jr. Neurotransmitter receptor plasticity in aging. Life Sci. 1994; 55:1985–1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grady, C.L. Age-related changes in cortical blood flow activation during perception and memory. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1996; 777:14–21.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cannon, J.G. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors in muscle aging. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1998; 854:72–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Welle, S. Growth hormone and insulin like growth factor I as anabolic agents. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care 1998; 1:257–262.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sonntag, W.E. Hormone secretion and action in aging animals. Rev. Biol. Res. Aging 1987; 3:299–335.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frontera, W.R., Hughes, V.A., Fielding, R.A., et al. Aging of skeletal muscle: A 12-year longitudinal study. J. Appl. Physiol. 200; 88:1321–1326.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiatarone, M.A., O’Neill, E.F., Ryan, N.D., et al. Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. N. Engl. J. Med. 1994; 330:1769–1775.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kevorkian, R. Physiology of aging. In Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine, 4th ed., M.S.J. Pathy, A.J. Sinclair, and J.E. Morley, eds. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons. 2006, pp. 37–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, A.S., Ivey, F.M., Hurlbut, D.E., et al. Regional bone mineral density after resistive training in young and older men and women. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 2004; 14:16–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raner, C.K., Horowitz, M. Changes in gastrointestinal motor and sensory function associated with aging. In Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine, 4th ed., M.S.J. Pathy, A.J. Sinclair, and J.E. Morley, eds. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons. 2006, pp. 357–369.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orr, W.C., Chen, C.L. Aging and neural control of the GI tract: IV. Clinical and physiological aspects of gastrointestinal motility and aging. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 2002; 283:GI226–231.

    Google Scholar 

  • Madsen, J.L., Graff, J. Effects of ageing on gastrointestinal motor function. Age and Ageing 2004; 33:154–159.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, R.P., Slogoff, M., Smith, F.W., et al. Effect of aging on the adaptive and proliferative capacity of the small bowel. J. Gastrointest. Surg. 2003; 7:88–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Y., Guyton, K.Z., Gorospe, M., et al. Age related decline in mitogen activated protein kinase activity in epidermal growth factor stimulated rat hepatocytes. J. Biochem. 1996; 271:3604–3607.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Afronti, J. Biliary disease in the elderly patient. Clin. Geriatr. Med. 1999; 15:571–579.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tran, K.H., Udden, M.M., Taffer, G.E., et al. Erythropoietin regulation of hematopoiesis is preserved in healthy elderly people. Clin. Res. 1993; 41:116A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Izaks, G.J., Westendorp, R.G.J., Knook, D.L. The definition of anemia in older persons. JAMA 1999; 281:1714–1717.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mari, D., Manucci, P.M., Coppola, R., et al. Hypercoagulability in centenarians: The paradox of successful aging. Blood 1995; 85:3144.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tataru, M.C., Heinrich, J., Junker, S., et al. D-dimers in relation to the severity of arteriosclerosis in patients with stable angina pectoris after myocardial infarction. Eur. Heart J. 1999; 20:1493–1502.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, R., Evans, G., Schneede, J., et al. Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency in later life. Age and Ageing 2004; 33:34–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gilchrest, B.A. Skin aging and photoaging: An overview. J. Am. Acad. Derm. 1989; 21:610–613.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, A.C. The prevalence of hearing impairment and reported hearing disability among adults in Great Britain. Int. J. Epid. 1989; 18:911–917.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tumosa, N. Disorders of the eye. In Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine, 4th ed., M.S.J. Pathy, A.J. Sinclair, and J.E. Morley, eds. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons. 2006, pp. 1205–1210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buch, E.R., Young, S., Contreras-Vidal, J.L. Visuomotor adaptation in normal aging. Learning and Memory 2003; 55–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ship, J.A., Weiffenbach, J.M. Age, gender, medical treatment and medication effects on smell identification. J. Gerontol. 1993; 48:M26–M32.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deems, D.A., Doty, R.L., Settle, R.G., et al. Smell and taste disorders. A study of 750 patients from the University of Pennsylvania Smell and Taste Center. Arch. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surg. 1991; 117:519–528.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Juan-Florencio Macìas-Núñez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. José-Manuel Ribera Casado
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mónica de la Fuente del Rey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Gustavo Barja Quiroga
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jesus A.F. Tresguerres
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Carmen Ariznavarreta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. José M. López-Novoa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Medicina, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

    Juan F. MachasNúñez M.D., Ph.D (Profesor Titular de Medicina) (Profesor Titular de Medicina)

  2. Guy’s King’s and St. Thomas’ School of Medicine King’s College, London, UK

    J. Stewart Cameron M.D., B.Sc., FRCP (Emeritus Professor of Renal Medicine) (Emeritus Professor of Renal Medicine)

  3. Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Dimitrios G. Oreopoulos M.D., Ph.D. (Professor of Medicine) (Professor of Medicine)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Macìas-Núñez, JF. et al. (2008). Biology of the Aging Process and Its Clinical Consequences. In: MachasNúñez, J.F., Cameron, J.S., Oreopoulos, D.G. (eds) The Aging Kidney in Health and Disease. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72659-5_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72659-5_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-72658-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-72659-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation