Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Next Generation Intelligent Optical Networks pp 55–99Cite as

WDM Technology and Networks

  • Chapter

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “Emerging Technologies at the Dawn of the Millennium”, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 39, no. 11, November 2001 pp. 22–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “DWDM: Shaping the Future Communications Network”, IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine, October/November 2004, pp. 16–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “What is DWDM?”, SPIE Electro-Optic News, no. 203, November 2000, pp. 4 and 12.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, Introduction to DWDM Technology: Data in a Rainbow, IEEE-Press, 2000

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, DWDM Networks, Devices and Technology, IEEE/Wiley, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, Fault Detectability in DWDM: Toward Higher Signal Quality and System Reliability, IEEE-Press, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • ANSI/IEEE 812-1984, Definition of Terms Relating to Fiber Optics.

    Google Scholar 

  • J.R. Thompson and R. Roy, “Multiple Four-Wave Mixing Process in an Optical Fiber”, Optics Letters, vol. 16, no. 8, April 1991, pp. 557–559.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • K. Inoue, “Four-Wave Mixing in an Optical Fiber in the Zero-Dispersion Wavelength Region”, IEEE Journal of Lighwave Technology, vol. LT-10, no. 11, November 1992, pp. 1553–1563.

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Inoue, “Fiber Four-Wave Mixing in Multi-amplifier Systems with Nonuniform Chromatic Dispersion”, IEEE Journal of Lighwave Technology, vol. LT-13, January 1995, pp. 82–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. Chen, M.T. Fatehi, H.J. LaRoche, J.Z. Larsen, and B.L. Nelson, “Metro Optical Networking”, Bell Labs Technical Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, 1999, pp. 163–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.694.1, “Spectral Grids for WDM Applications: DWDM Frequency Grid”, May 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.694.2, “Spectral Grids for WDM Applications: CWDM Wavelength Grid”, June 2002 Draft.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.654, Characteristics of a 1550 nm Wavelength Loss-Minimized Single-Mode Optical Fibre Cable.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.655 version 10, “Characteristics of a Non-zero Dispersion-Shifted Single-Mode Optical Fiber Cable”, October 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.652, “Characteristics of a Single-Mode Optical Fiber Cable”, April 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.653, “Characteristics of a Dispersion-Shifted Single-Mode Optical Fiber Cable”, April 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.650, “Definition and Test Methods for the Relevant Parameters of Single-Mode Fibres”, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.661, “Definition and Test Methods for the Relevant Generic Parameters of Optical Fiber Amplifiers”, November 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.662, “Generic Characteristics of Optical Fiber Amplifier Devices and Sub-systems”, July 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.663, “Application Related Aspects of Optical Fiber Amplifier Devices and Sub-systems”, October 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • L.G. Raman, Fundamentals of Telecommunications Network Management, IEEE Press, New York, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • N.A. Olsson and J. Hegarty, “Noise Properties of a Raman Amplifier”, IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. LT-4, no. 4, April 1986, pp. 396–399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. Sun, A.K. Srivastava, J. Zhou, and J.W. Sulhoff, “Optical Fiber Amplifiers for WDM Optical Networks”, Bell Labs Techn. J., vol. 4, no. 1, 1999, pp. 187–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. Evans, “Raman Amplification in Broadband WDM Systems”, Technical Digest OFC 2001, paper TuF4-1, March 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Vilhelmsson, “Simultaneous Forward and Backward Raman Scattering in Low-Attenuation Single-Mode Fibers”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. LT-4, no. 4, 1986, pp. 400–404.

    Google Scholar 

  • P.M. Krummrich, R.E. Neuhauser, and C. Glingener, “Bandwidth Limitations of Broadband Distributed Raman Fiber Amplifiers for WDM Systems”, Technical Digest OFC 2001, paper MI3-1, March 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • B. Giles and E. Desurvire, “Modeling Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 9, February 1991, pp. 271–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • E. Desurvire, “Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers”, Wiley, New York, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Aozasa, T. Sakamoto, T. Kanamori, K. Hoshino, K. Kobayashi, and M. Shimizu, “Tn-Doped Fiber Amplifiers for 1470-nm-Based WDM Signals”, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 12, no. 10, October 2000, pp. 1331–1333.

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Eisenstein, “Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers”, IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine, vol. 5, no. 4, July 1989, pp. 25–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R.J. Mears, L. Reekie, I.M. Jauncey, and D.N. Payne, “Low-Noise Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Operating at 1.54 μ m”, Electronic Letters, vol. 23, no. 19, September 1987, pp. 1026–1028.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • E. Desurvire, J.R. Simpson, and P.C. Becker, “High-Gain Erbium-Doped Traveling-Wave Fiber Amplifiers”, Optical Letters, vol. 12, no. 11, November 1987, pp. 888–890.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.957, “Optical Interfaces for Equipments and Systems Relating to the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy”, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Draft Recommendation G.959, “Optical Networking Physical Layer Interfaces”, February 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.671, “Transmission Characteristics of Passive Optical Components”, November break 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.691 “Optical Interfaces for Single Channel STM-64, STM-256 Systems and Other SDH Systems with Optical Amplifiers”, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Draft Recommendation G.692, “Optical Interfaces for Multichannel Systems with Optical Amplifiers”, October 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.707, “Network Node Interface for the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy”, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Draft Recommendation G.709, “Network Node Interface for the Optical Transport Network (OTN)”, October 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, Next Generation SONET/SDH: Voice and Data, IEEE/Wiley, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.7041/Y.1303, “The Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) Framed and Transparent”, December 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.7042/Y.1305, “Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) for Virtual Concatenated Signals”, November 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Draft Recommendation G.874, “Management Aspects of the Optical Transport Network Element”, October 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Draft Recommendation G.875, “Optical Transport Network Management Information Model for the Network Element View”, October 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • D.K. Hunter et al., “WASPNET: A Wavelength Switched Packet Network”, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 37, no. 3, March 1999, pp. 120–129.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • E. Modiano, “WDM-Based Packet Network”, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 37, no. 3, March 1999, pp. 130–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O. Leclerc, “Optical 3R Regeneration for 40 Gbit/s Line-Rates and Beyond”, Technical Digest OFC 2002, paper TuN1, March 2002, pp. 79–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • M.L. Nielsen, “Experimental Demonstration of All-Optical 2R Regeneration at 10 Gb/s in a Novel MMI-SOA Based Device”, Technical Digest OFC 2002, paper TuN2, March 2002, pp. 81–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Telcordia (formerly Bellcore), TR-NWT-917, “Regenerator”, October 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. Wang and S.V. Kartalopoulos, “An Analytic Comparison of Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) Algorithm in WDM Optical Networks”, Proceedings of the 2005 Oklahoma Symposium on Information Technology and Entrepreneurship (ITE’05), April 19–20, Oklahoma City, OK, 2005, pp. 65–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. Wang and S.V. Kartalopoulos, “Analysis and Implementation of Reconfigurable Optical Ring Network with Minimal Wavelength Blocking”, Proceedings of the 4th IASTED Multi-Conference, Wireless and Optical Communications, Banff, Canada, July 8–10, 2004, pp. 808–813.

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. Wang, A New highly-Efficient Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) Algorithm with QoS Considerations for Multi-service Mesh Topology Optical Networks, PhD Dissertation, The University of Oklahoma, School of Electrical Engineering, ECE/TCOM, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “Consumer Communications in the Next Generation Access Network,” Proceeding of the IEEE CCNC 2004 Conference, Las Vegas, January 5–8, 2004, pp. 273–278.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.983.1, “Broadband Optical Access Systems Based on Passive Optical Networks (PON)”, January 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation 984.3, “Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Networks (G-PON): Transmission Convergence Layer Specification”, February 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • D.B. Buchholz et al., “Broadband Fiber Access: A Fiber-to-the-Customer Access Architecture”, Bell Labs Techn. J., vol. 4, no. 1, 1999, pp. 282–299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • G.C. Wilson et al., “FiberVista: An FTTH ot FTTC System Delivering Broadband Data and CATV Services”, Bell Labs Techn. J., vol. 4, no. 1, 1999, pp. 300–322.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • N. Kashima, Passive Optical Components for Optical Fiber Transmission, Artec, Boston, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.652, “Characteristics of a Single-Mode Optical Fibre Cable”, October 2000 (Table G.652.C lists parameters of the water-free fiber).

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Sierra and S.V. Kartalopoulos, “Evaluation of Two Prevalent EPON Networks Using Simulation Methods”, Proceedings of the Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications 2006 (AICT’06), Guadeloupe, French Caribbean, February 19–22, 2006, on CD-ROM, session AICT-3, ISBN: 0-7695-2522-9, Library of Congress: 2005937760.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “Next Generation Hierarchical CWDM/TDM-PON Network with Scalable Bandwidth Deliverability to the Premises”, Optical Systems and Networks, vol. 2, 2005, pp. 164–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.983.2, “ONT Management and Control Interface Specification for B-PON”, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.Imp983.2, “Implementer’s Guide to G.983.2(2002)”, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.983.5, “A Broadband Optical Access System with Enhanced Survivability”, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.983.6, “ONT Management and Control Interface Specification for B-PON System with Protection Features”, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.983.7, “ONT Management and Control Interface Specification for Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment (DBA) B-PON”, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.983.8, “B-PON OMCI Support for IP, ISDN, Video, VLAN Tagging, VC Cross-Connections and Other Select Functions”, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.983.10, “B-PON ONT Management and Control Interface (OOMCI) support for Digital Subscriber Line interfaces”, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.984.1, “Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network (GPON): General Characteristics”, March 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.984.2, “Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network (GPON): Physical Media Dependent (PMD) Layer Specification”, March 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.984.3, “Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network (GPON): Transmission Convergence Layer specification”, July 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • ITU-T Recommendation G.984.4, “Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network (GPON): ONT Management and Control Interface Specification”, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “A Global Multi-satellite Network”, 5,602,838, February 11, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “A Global Multi-satellite Network”, ICC’97, Montreal, Canada, 1997, pp. 699–698.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “Free Space Optical Nodes Applicable to Simultaneous Ring & Mesh Networks”, Proceedings of the SPIE European Symposium on Optics and Photonics in Security and Defense, Stockholm, Sweden, September 11–16, 2006, paper no. 6399-2.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “Free Space Optical Mesh Networks For Broadband Inner-city Communications”, NOC 2005, 10th European Conference on Networks and Optical Communications, University College London, July 5–7, 2005, pp. 344–351.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Kartalopoulos, “Surviving a Disaster”, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 40, no. 7, July 2002, pp. 124–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J.M. Wallace and P.V. Hobbs, Atmospheric Science: An Introductory Survey, Academic Press, Orlando, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • I.I. Kim, M. Mitchell, and E. Korevaar, Measurement of Scintillation for Free-Space Laser Communication at 785 nm and 1550 nm”, Optical Wireless Communications II, Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 3850, 1999, pp. 11–19.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Oklahoma, Room 4413 Schusterman Center 4502 E. 41st Street, Bldg 4, Room 4413, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA

    Stamatios V. Kartalopoulos (Dr)

Authors
  1. Stamatios V. Kartalopoulos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kartalopoulos, S.V. (2008). WDM Technology and Networks. In: Next Generation Intelligent Optical Networks. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71756-2_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71756-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-71755-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-71756-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation