Actin and actin-binding proteins (ABPs) in nonmuscle cells play important functional roles in defense against microbial infection, in phagocytes, and in the alignment of epithelial cells. Phagocytes migrate to sites of infection to ingest and destroy pathogens by generating reactive oxygen species and releasing the contents of their granules into phagosomes and the extracellular medium. Epithelial cells maintain their shape and use villi to remove pathogens and waste materials. The underlying mechanisms for these activities are closely associated with reorganization of the cytoskeleton. This reorganization is a cyclic process that includes polymerization of G-actin to filaments, crosslinking of filaments to form supramolecular assemblies anchored to membranes, and depolymerization of F-actin to G-actin (Moraczewska et al. 1996) (Fig. 1).
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Nunoi, H. (2008). Diseases with Abnormal Actin and Actin-Binding Proteins in Leukocyte and Nonmuscle Cells. In: dos Remedios, C.G., Chhabra, D. (eds) Actin-Binding Proteins and Disease. Protein Reviews, vol 8. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71749-4_11
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