Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C with Different Genotypes

  • Chapter
Book cover Hepatitis C Virus Disease

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adinolfi, L.E., Gambardella, M., Andreana, A., Tripodi, M.F., Utili, R., Ruggiero, G. (2001). Steatosis accelerates the progression of liver damage of chronic hepatitis C patients and correlates with specific HCV genotype and visceral obesity. Hepatology, 33(6): 1358–1364.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alter, M.J., Kruszon-Moran, D., Nainan, O.V., McQuillan, G.M., Gao, F., Moyer, L.A., Kaslow, R.A., Margolis, H.S. (1999). The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1988 through 1994. New England Journal of Medicine, 341(8): 556–562.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bjoro, K., Bell, H., Hellum, K. B., Skaug, K., Raknerud, N., Sandvei, P., Doskeland, B., Maeland, A., Lund-Tonnesen, S., Myrvang, B. (2002). Effect of combined interferon-alpha induction therapy and ribavirin on chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a randomized multicentre study. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 37(2): 226–232.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruno, S., Silini, E., Crosignani, A., Borzio, F., Leandro, G., Bono, F., Asti, M., Rossi, S., Larghi, A., Cerino, A., Podda, M., Mondelli, M.U. (1997). Hepatitis C virus genotypes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: a prospective study. Hepatology, 25(3): 754–758.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruno, S., Camma, C., Di Marco, V., Rumi, M., Vinci, M., Camozzi, M., Rebucci, C., Di Bona, D., Colombo, M., Craxi, A., Mondelli, M.U., Pinzello, G. (2004). Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for naive patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Hepatology, 41(3): 474–481.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bukh, J., Miller, R.H., Purcell, R.H. (1995). Genetic heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus: quasispecies and genotypes. Seminars in Liver Disease, 15: 41–63.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buti, M., Sanchez-Avila, F., Lurie, Y., Stalgis, C., Valdes, A., Martell, M., Esteban, R. (2002). Viral kinetics in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients during therapy with 2 different doses of peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin. Hepatology, 35(4): 930–936.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlain, R.W., Adams, N., Saeed, A.A., Simmonds, P., Elliott, R.M. (1997). Complete nucleotide sequence of a type 4 hepatitis C virus variant, the predominant genotype in the Middle East. Journal of General Virology, 78: 1341–1347.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Choo, Q.L., Richman, K.H., Han, J. H., Berger, K., Lee, C., Dong, C., Gallegos, C., Coit, D., Medina-Selby, R., Barr, P.J., Weiner, P.J., Bradley, D.W., Kuo, G., Houghton, M. (1991). Genetic organization and diversity of the hepatitis C virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 88: 2451–2455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chung, R.T., Monto, A., Dienstag, J.L., Kaplan, L.M. (1999). Mutations in the NS5A region do not predict interferon-responsiveness in American patients infected with genotype 1b hepatitis C virus. Journal of Medical Virology, 58(4): 353–358.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dalgard, O., Bjoro, K., Block Hellum, K., Myrvang, B., Ritland, S., Skaug, K., Raknerud, N., Bell, H. (2004). Treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in HCV infection with genotype 2 or 3 for 14 weeks: a pilot study. Hepatology, 40(6): 1260–1265.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Delwaide, J., Gerard, C., Reenaers, C., Vaira, D., Bastens, B., Bataille, C., Servais, B., Maes, B., Belaiche, J., Hepatotropes GL; Groupe Liegeois d’Etudes des Virus Hepatotropes (GLEVE) (2005). Hepatitis C virus genotype 5 in southern Belgium: epidemiological characteristics and response to therapy. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 50(12): 2348–2351.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dev, A.T., McCaw, R., Sundararajan, V., Bowden, S., Sievert, W. (2002). Southeast Asian patients with chronic hepatitis C: the impact of novel genotypes and race on treatment outcome. Hepatology, 36(5): 1259–1265.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • el-Zayadi, A., Simmonds, P., Dabbous, H., Prescott, L., Selim, O., Ahdy, A. (1996). Response to interferon-alpha of Egyptian patients infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 4. Journal of Viral Hepatology, 3: 261–264.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • el-Zayadi, A., Selim, O., Haddad, S., Simmonds, P., Hamdy, H., Badran, H.M., Shawky, S. (1999). Combination treatment of interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin in comparison to interferon monotherapy in treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 patients. Italian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 31(6): 472–475.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Enomoto, N., Sakuma, I., Asahina, Y., Kurosaki, M., Murakami, T., Yamamoto, C., Izumi, N., Marumo, F., Sato, C. (1995). Comparison of full-length sequences of interferon-sensitive and resistant hepatitis C virus 1b. Sensitivity to interferon is conferred by amino acid substitutions in the NS5A region. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 96(1): 224–230.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Enomoto, N., Sakuma, I., Asahina, Y., Kurosaki, M., Murakami, T., Yamamoto, C., Ogura, Y., Izumi, N., Marumo, F., Sato, C. (1996). Mutations in the nonstructural protein 5A gene and response to interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus 1b infection. New England Journal of Medicine, 334(2): 77–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fried, M.W., Shiffman, M.L., Reddy, K.R., Smith, C., Marinos, G., Goncales, F.L., Jr., Haussinger, D., Diago, M., Carosi, G., Dhumeaux, D., Craxi, A., Lin, A., Hoffman, J., Yu, J. (2002). Peginterferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. New England Journal of Medicine, 347(13): 975–982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gale, M., Jr., Blakely, C.M., Kwieciszewski, B., Tan, S.L., Dossett, M., Tang, N.M., Korth, M.J., Polyak, S.J., Gretch, D.R., Katze, M.G. (1998). Control of PKR protein kinase by hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A protein: molecular mechanisms of kinase regulation. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 18(9): 5208–5218.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaudy, C., Lambele, M., Moreau, A., Veillon, P., Lunel, F., Goudeau, A. (2005). Mutations within the hepatitis C virus genotype 1b E2-PePHD domain do not correlate with treatment outcome. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 43(2): 750–754.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hadziyannis, S.J., Sette, H., Jr., Morgan, T.R., Balan, V., Diago, M., Marcellin, P., Ramadori, G., Bodenheimer, H.Jr., Bernstein, D., Rizzetto, M., Zeuzem, S., Pockros, P.J., Lin, A., Ackrill, A.M.; PEGASYS International Study Group (2004). Peginterferon-alpha2a and ribavirin combination therapy in chronic hepatitis C: a randomized study of treatment duration and ribavirin dose. Annals of Internal Medicine, 140(5): 346–355.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hasan, F., Asker, H., Al-Khaldi, J., Siddique, I., Al-Ajmi, M., Owaid, S., Varghese, R., Al-Nakib, B. Peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 99(9): 1733–1737.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henquell, C., Cartau, C., Abergel, A., Laurichesse, H., Regagnon, C., De Champù, C., Baillo, J.L., Peigue-Lafeuille, H. (2004) High prevalence of hepatitis C virus type 5 in central France evidenced by a prospective study from 1996 to 2002. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 42(7): 3030–3035.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hui, C.K., Yuen, M.F., Sablon, E., Chan, A.O., Wong, B.C., Lai, C.L. (2003). Interferon and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 6: a comparison with genotype 1. Journal of Infectious Disease, 187(7): 1071–1074.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ikeda, K., Kobayashi, M., Someya, T., Saitoh, S., Tsubota, A., Akuta, N., Suzuki, F., Suzuki, Y., Arase, Y., Kumada, H. (2002). Influence of hepatitis C virus subtype on hepatocellular carcinogenesis: a multivariate analysis of a retrospective cohort of 593 patients with cirrhosis. Intervirology, 45(2): 71–78.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kamal, S.M., El Tawil, A.A., Nakano, T., He, Q., Rasenack, J., Hakam, S.A., Saleh, W.A., Ismail, A., Aziz, A.A., Madwar, M.A. (2005). Peginterferon α-2b and ribavirin therapy in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4: impact of treatment duration and viral kinetics on sustained virological response. Gut, 54(6): 858–866.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khorsi, H., Castelain, S., Wyseur, A., Izopet, J., Canva, V., Rombout, A., Capron, D., Capron, J.P., Lunel, F., Stuyver, L., Duverlie, G. (1997). Mutations of hepatitis C virus 1b NS5A 2209-2248 amino acid sequence do not predict the response to recombinant interferon-alpha therapy in French patients. Journal of Hepatology, 27(1): 72–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khuroo, M.S., Khuroo, M.S., Dahab, S.T. (2004). Meta-analysis: a randomized trial of peginterferon plus ribavirin for the initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 20(9): 931–938.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koshy, A., Marcellin, P., Martinot, M., Madda, J.P. (2000). Improved response to ribavirin interferon combination compared with interferon alone in patients with type 4 chronic hepatitis C without cirrhosis. Liver, 20: 335–339.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koshy, A., Madda, J.P., Marcellin, P., Martinot, M. (2002). Treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 4-related cirrhosis: ribavirin and interferon combination compared with interferon alone. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 35: 82–85.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, D., Farrell, G.C., Fung, C., George, J. (2002). Hepatitis C virus genotype 3 is cytopathic to hepatocytes: reversal of hepatic steatosis after sustained therapeutic response. Hepatology, 36(5):1266–1272.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Layden, T.J., Layden, J.E., Reddy, K.R., Levy-Drummer, R.S., Poulakos, J., Neumann, A.U. (2002). Induction therapy with consensus interferon (CIFN) does not improve sustained virologic response in chronic hepatitis C. Journal of Viral Hepatology, 9(5): 334–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Legrand-Abravanel, F., Sandres-Saune, K., Barange, K., Alric, L., Moreau, J., Desmorat, P., Vinel, J.P., Izopet, J. (2004). Hepatitis C virus genotype 5: epidemiological characteristics and sensitivity to combination therapy with interferon-alpha plus ribavirin. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 189(8): 1397–1400.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lonardo, A., Loria, P., Adinolfi, L.E., Carulli, N., Ruggiero, G. (2006). Hepatitis C and steatosis: a reappraisal. Journal of Viral Hepatology, 13(2): 73–80.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mangia, A., Santoro, R., Minerva, N., Ricci, G. L., Carretta, V., Persico, M., Vinelli, F., Scotto, G., Bacca, D., Annese, M., Romano, M., Zechini, F., Sogari, F., Spirito, F., Andriulli, A. (2005). Peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin for 12 vs. 24 weeks in HCV genotype 2 or 3. New England Journal of Medicine, 352(25): 2609–2617.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manns, M.P., McHutchison, J.G., Gordon, S.C., Rustgi, V.K., Shiffman, M., Reindollar, R., Goodman, Z.D., Koury, K., Ling, M., Albrecht, J.K. (2001). Peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial. Lancet, 358(9286): 958–965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McHutchison, J.G., Gordon, S.C., Schiff, E.R., Shiffman, M.L., Lee, W.M., Rustgi, V.K., Goodman, Z.D., Ling, M.H., Cort, S., Albrecht, J.K. (1998). Interferon alpha-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. New England Journal of Medicine, 339(21): 1485–1492.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKechnie, V.M., Mills, P.R., McCruden, E.A. (2000). The NS5a gene of hepatitis C virus in patients treated with interferon-alpha. Journal of Medical Virology, 60(4): 367–378.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moriya, K., Fujie, H., Shintani, Y., Yotsuyanagi, H., Tsutsumi, T., Ishibashi, K., Matsuura, Y., Kimura, S., Miyamura, T., Koike, K. (1997). Hepatitis C virus core protein induces steatosis in transgenic mice. Journal of General Virology, 78: 1527–1531.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naoumov, N.V., Chokshi, S., Metivier, E., Maertens, G., Johnson, P.J., Williams, R. (1997). Hepatitis C virus infection in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis. Journal Of Hepatology. Aug;27(2):331-6.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: Management of Hepatitis C: 2002 - June 10–12. (2002). National Institute of Health Consensus State-of-the-Science Statements. June 10–12; 19(3): 1–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann, A.U., Lam, N.P., Dahari, H., Davidian, M., Wiley, T.E., Mika, B.P., Perelson, A.S., Layden, T.J. (2000) Differences in viral dynamics between genotypes 1 and 2 of hepatitis C virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 182(1): 28–35.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pascu, M., Martus, P., Hohne, M., Wiedenmann, B., Hopf, U., Schreier, E., Berg, T. (2004). Sustained virological response in hepatitis C virus type 1b infected patients is predicted by the number of mutations within the NS5A-ISDR: a meta-analysis focused on geographical differences. Gut, 53(9): 1345–1351.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paterson, M., Laxton, C.D., Thomas, H.C., Ackrill, A.M., Foster, G.R. (1999). Hepatitis C virus NS5A protein inhibits interferon antiviral activity, but the effects do not correlate with clinical response. Gastroenterology, 117(5): 1187–1197.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pawlotsky, J.M. (2003). The nature of interferon-alpha resistance in hepatitis C virus infection. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 16(6): 587–592.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pawlotsky, J. M., Taskiris, L., Roudot-Thoraval, F., Pellet, C., Stuyver, L., Duval, J., Dhumeaux, D. (1995). Relationship between hepatitis C virus genotypes and sources of infection in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 171: 1607–1610.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez, R., Jimenez, M., Crespo, J., Diago, M., Enriquez, J., Vaquero, P., Sola, R., Olcoz, J.L., Romero, M., Salmeron, J., Blanco, M.I., Ona, M., Melon, S., Rodrigo, L. (2003). Comparative study of the efficacy of an induction dose of interferon-alpha2b with ribavirin compared with standard combined treatment in naive patients with chronic hepatitis C. Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 10(6): 437–445.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poynard, T., Marcellin, P., Lee, S.S., Niederau, C., Minuk, G.S., Ideo, G., Bain, V., Heathcote, J., Zeuzem, S., Trepo, C., Albrecht, J. (1998). Randomised trial of interferon alpha2b plus ribavirin for 48 weeks or for 24 weeks versus interferon alpha2b plus placebo for 48 weeks for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus. International Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group (IHIT). Lancet, 352(9138): 1426–1432.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poynard, T., Ratziu, V., McHutchison, J., Manns, M., Goodman, Z., Zeuzem, S., Younossi, Z., Albrecht, J. (2003). Effect of treatment with peginterferon or interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin on steatosis in patients infected with hepatitis C. Hepatology, 38(1): 75–85.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prescott, L.E., Simmonds, P., Lai, C.L., Chan, N.K., Pike, I., Yap, P.L., Lin, C.K. (1996). Detection and clinical features of hepatitis C virus type 6 infections in blood donors from Hong Kong. Journal of Medical Virology, 50: 168–175.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quer, J., Murillo, P., Martell, M., Gòmez, J., Esteban, J. I., Esteban, R. & Guardia, J. (2004). Subtype mutations in the envelope 2 region including phosphorylation homology domain of hepatitis C virus do not predict effectiveness of antiviral therapy. Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 11: 45–54.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, A.E., Koziel, M.J., Aiza, I., Jeffers, L., Reddy, R., Schiff, E., Lau, J.Y., Dienstag, J.L., Liang, T.J. (1999) Hepatitis C virus genotypes and viremia and hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 94(6): 1619–1926

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Remy, A.J., Verdier, E., Perney, P., Ducos, J., Blanc, P., Blanc, F., Larrey, D. (1998). Route of infection, liver histology and response to interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis caused by genotype 4 HCV infection in a Western country (Letter). Journal of Hepatology, 29: 169.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robertson, B., Myers, G., Howard, C., Brettin, T., Bukh, J., Gaschen, B., Gojobori, T., Maertens, G., Mizokami, M., Nainan, O., Netesov, S., Nishioka, K., Shin, I.T., Simmonds, P., Smith, D., Stuyver, L., Weiner, A. (1998). Classification, nomenclature, and database development for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and related viruses: proposals for standardization. International Committee on Virus Taxonomy. Archives in Virology, 143: 2493–2503.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rubbia-Brandt, L., Quadri, R., Abid, K., Giostra, E., Male, P.J., Mentha, G., Spahr, L., Zarski, J.P., Borisch, B., Hadengue, A., Negro, F. (2000). Hepatocyte steatosis is a cytopathic effect of hepatitis C virus genotype 3. Journal of Hepatology, 33(1): 106–115.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saito, T., Ito, T., Ishiko, H., Yonaha, M., Morikawa, K., Miyokawa, A., Mitamura, K. (2003). Sequence analysis of PePHD within HCV E2 region and correlation with resistance of interferon therapy in Japanese patients infected with HCV genotypes 2a and 2b. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 98: 1377–1383.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schinkel, J., Spoon, W.J., Kroes, A.C. (2004). Meta-analysis of mutations in the NS5A gene and hepatitis C virus resistance to interferon therapy: uniting discordant conclusions. Antiviral Therapy, 9(2): 275–286.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shi, S.T., Polyak, S.J., Tu, H., Taylor, D.R., Gretch, D.R., Lai, M.M. (2002). Hepatitis C virus NS5A colocalizes with the core protein on lipid droplets and interacts with apolipoproteins. Virology, 292(2): 198–210.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shobokshi, O.A., Serebour, F.E., Skakni, L., Al Khalifa, M. (2003). Combination therapy of peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin significantly enhance sustained virological and biochemical response rate in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 patients in Saudi Arabia. Hepatology, 38: 996A.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simmonds, P., Alberti, A., Alter, H.J., Bonino, F., Bradley, D.W., Brechot, C., Brouwer, J.T., Chan, S.W., Chayama, K., Chen, D.S. (1994). A proposed system for the nomenclature of hepatitis C viral genotypes. Hepatology, 19(5): 1321–1324.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simmonds, P., Bukh, J., Combet, C., Deleage, G., Enomoto, N., Feinstone, S., Halfon, P., Inchauspe, G., Kuiken, C., Maertens, G., Mizokami, M., Murphy, D.G., Okamoto, H., Pawlotsky, J.M., Penin, F., Sablon, E., Shin-I, T., Stuyver, L.J., Thiel, H.J., Viazov, S., Weiner, A.J., Widell, A. (2005). Consensus proposals for a unified system of nomenclature of hepatitis C virus genotypes. Hepatology, 42(4): 962–973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smuts, H.E, Kannemeyer, J. (1995). Genotyping of hepatitis C virus in South Africa. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 33: 1679–1681.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Squadrito, G., Leone, F., Sartori, M., Nalpas, B., Berthelot, P., Raimondo, G., Pol, S., Brechot, C. (1997). Mutations in the nonstructural 5A region of hepatitis C virus and response of chronic hepatitis C to interferon alpha. Gastroenterology, 113(2): 567–572.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, H., Tsukuma, H., Yamano, H., Okubo, Y., Inoue, A., Kasahara, A., Hayashi, N. (1998). Hepatitis C virus 1b(II) infection and development of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-control study in Japan. Journal of Epidemiology, 8(4): 244–249.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, D.R., Shi, S.T., Romano, P.R., Barber, G.N., Lai, M.M.C. (1999). Inhibition of the interferon-inducible protein kinase PKR by HCV E2 protein. Science, 285: 107–109.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thakeb, F.A.I., Omar, M.M., El Awady, M.M., Isshak, S.Y. (2003). Randomized controlled trial of peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 4 among Egyptian patients. Abstract 37, Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the AASLD, Boston, MA, October 24–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tokita, H., Okamoto, H., Iizuka, H., Kishimoto, J., Tsuda, F., Lesmana, L.A., Miyakawa, Y., Mayumi, M. (1996). Hepatitis C virus variants from Jakarta, Indonesia, classifiable into novel genotypes in the second (2e and 2f), tenth (10a) and eleventh (11a) genetic groups. Journal of General Virology, 77: 293–301.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tokita, H., Okamoto, H., Tsuda, F., Song, P., Nakata, S., Chosa, T., Iizuka, H., Mishiro, S., Miyakawa, Y., Mayumi, M. (1994). Hepatitis C virus variants from Vietnam are classifiable into the seventh, eighth, and ninth major genetic groups. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 91: 11022–11026.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Vlierberghe, H., Leroux-Roels, G., Adler, M., Bourgeois, N., Nevens, F., Horsmans, Y., Brouwer, J., Colle, I., Delwaide, J., Brenard, R., Bastens, B., Henrion, J., de Vries, R.A., de Galocsy, C., Michielsen, P., Robaeys, G., Bruckers, L. (2003). Daily induction combination treatment with alpha 2b interferon and ribavirin or standard combination treatment in naive chronic hepatitis C patients. A multicentre randomized controlled trial. Journal of Viral Hepatology, 10(6): 460–466.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • von Wagner, M., Huber, M., Berg, T., Hinrichsen, H., Rasenack, J., Heintges, T., Bergk, A., Bernsmeier, C., Haussinger, D., Herrmann, E., Zeuzem, S. (2005). Peginterferon-alpha-2a (40KD) and ribavirin for 16 or 24 weeks in patients with genotype 2 or 3 chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology, 129(2): 522–527.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, H., Nagayama, K., Enomoto, N., Itakura, J., Tanabe, Y., Sato, C., Izumi, N., Watanabe, M. (2003). Amino acid substitutions in PKR-eIF2 phosphorylation homology domain (PePHD) of hepatitis C virus E2 protein in genotype 2a/2b and 1b in Japan and interferon efficacy. Hepatology Research, 26: 268–274.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wong, D.A., Tong, L.K., Lim, W. (1998). High prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotype 6 among certain risk groups in Hong Kong. European Journal of Epidemiology, 14: 421–426.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization. Hepatitis C. Factsheet No 164 (2000). http://www.who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zein, N.N., Rakela, J., Krawitt, E.L., Reddy, K.R., Tominaga, T., Persing, D.H. (1996a). Hepatitis C virus genotypes in the United States: epidemiology, pathogenicity, and response to interferon therapy. Collaborative Study Group. Annals of Internal Medicine, 125(8): 634–639.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zein, N.N., Poterucha, J.J., Gross J,B, Jr., Wiesner, R.H., Therneau, T.M., Gossard, A.A., Wendt, N.K., Mitchell, P.S., Germer, J.J., Persing, D.H. (1996b). Increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients infected with hepatitis C genotype 1b. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 91: 2560–2562.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Y.Y., Lok, A.S., Chan, D.T., Widell, A. (1995). Greater diversity of hepatitis C virus genotypes found in Hong Kong than in mainland China. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 33: 2931–2934.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zeuzem, S., Lee, J.H., Roth, W.K. (1997). Mutations in the nonstructural 5A gene of European hepatitis C virus isolates and response to interferon alpha. Hepatology, 25(3): 740–744.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zeuzem, S., Feinman, S.V., Rasenack, J., Heathcote, E.J., Lai, M.Y., Gane, E., O’Grady, J., Reichen, J., Diago, M., Lin, A., Hoffman, J., Brunda, M.J. (2000). Peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C. New England Journal of Medicine, 343(23):1666–1672.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zeuzem, S., Herrmann, E., Lee, J.H., Fricke, J., Neumann, A.U., Modi, M., Colucci, G., Roth, W.K. (2001). Viral kinetics in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with standard or peginterferon alpha2a. Gastroenterology, 120(6): 1438–1447.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zeuzem, S., Hultcrantz, R., Bourliere, M., Goeser, T., Marcellin, P., Sanchez-Tapias, J., Sarrazin, C., Harvey, J., Brass, C., Albrecht, J. (2004). Peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C in previously untreated patients infected with HCV genotypes 2 or 3. Journal of Hepatology, 40(6): 993–939. Erratum in Journal of Hepatology, 42(3): 434.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zylberberg, H., Chaix, M.L., Brechot, C. (2000). Infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 4 is associated with a poor response to interferon-a (Letter). Annals of Internal Medicine, 132: 845–846.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR

    Man-Fung Yuen

Authors
  1. James Fung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ching-Lung Lai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Man-Fung Yuen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Bari and National Institute for Digestive Disease, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy

    Emilio Jirillo

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fung, J., Lai, CL., Yuen, MF. (2008). Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C with Different Genotypes. In: Jirillo, E. (eds) Hepatitis C Virus Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71376-2_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation