For the last decade, the study on virtual organizations (VO) has gradually become an important research topic in the fields of the Grid [4]. A virtual organization can be seen as “a temporary alliance of contracted individuals or companies linked together by information and communication technologies, which assembles for the purpose of a specific business task” [6]. A virtual organization can be characterized as being a network of independent, geographically dispersed organizations. All partners in the network share the information and resources and the cooperation is based on common interest, trust, and interdependency. There is also a clear distinction between a strategic and an operational level of activity. As a characteristic of virtual organizations, interdependence is the cooperation and synergy between autonomous organizations, or between empowered departments or individuals within a single organization. Interdependence includes all types of associations: alliances, partnerships, value chains and outsourcing [7].
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Song, W., Li, X. (2007). An Analysis of the Internal Structure and its Development of Virtual Organizations in the Grid. In: Magyar, G., Knapp, G., Wojtkowski, W., Wojtkowski, W.G., Zupančič, J. (eds) Advances in Information Systems Development. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70761-7_17
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