Abstract
Optic atrophy is a morphologic sequel to a multitude of anterior visual pathway insults that culminate in the loss of retinal ganglion cell axons. Histopathologically, it is characterized by a variable reduction of nerve diameter with loss of axons and little or no gliosis. Ophthalmoscopically, the disc retains its normal size and shows diffuse or segmental pallor. The pallor in optic atrophy has been attributed to thinning of the neural tissue of the optic disc and resulting changes in cytoarchitecture and decreased transmission of light, rather than to loss of optic disc capillaries or astrocytic proliferation. The ophthalmoscopic appearance of the atrophic disc alone occasionally suggests a specific mechanism of injury.
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Brodsky, M.C. (2010). Optic Atrophy in Children. In: Pediatric Neuro-Ophthalmology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-69069-8_4
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